Effects of microbivore species composition and basal resource enrichment on trophic-level biomasses in an experimental microbial-based soil food web

Mikola, Juha

doi:10.1007/s004420050673

Cited by 38 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The present results further indicate that these inhibitory interactions tend to be asymmetric, with a strong negative effect of D. meyli on D. oschei and a much weaker reverse effect. This is in agreement with Mikola (1998), Postma-Blaauw et al (2005), and De Mesel et al (2006, but contrasts with dos Santos et al (2009). The latter study, however, included a third bacterial-feeding nematode species, the presence of which likely affected the mutual interaction between both Diplolaimelloides species (cf.…”

Section: Predation Alleviates Horizontal Interactions Between Prey Nesupporting

confidence: 66%

“…This is undoubtedly due to the above-mentioned inhibitory interactions among closely related Monhysteridae and between other 'confunctional' (i.e. belonging to the same trophic guild) nematodes (Mikola 1998, IlievaMakulec 2001, Postma-Blaauw et al 2005, De Mesel et al 2006, dos Santos et al 2009). The mechanism behind this inhibitory interaction remains unclear, but simple competition for food or space is unlikely to be the principal cause (De Mesel et al 2006, dos Santos et al 2009).…”

Section: Predation Alleviates Horizontal Interactions Between Prey Nementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Field data on horizontal ) and vertical (Steyaert et al 2001) distributions of abundant predacious marine nematodes in relation to the abundances of their prey assemblages further support this idea. However, only few studies have investigated effects of predatory nematodes on prey nematode population dynamics and/ or biomass, and those which have been published all pertain to terrestrial assemblages (Mikola & Setälä 1998, Mikola 1998, Khan & Kim 2005.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the local diversity of nematode assemblages tends to be (very) high (Heip et al 1985, Wall & Moore 1999, Yeates et al 2009, and competitive, facilitative, and inhibitory interactions, even among closely related species, are important in shaping these assemblages (Mikola 1998, Ilieva-Makulec 2001, PostmaBlaauw et al 2005, De Mesel et al 2006, dos Santos et al 2009). It is unclear whether, and to what extent, predatory forces interfere with these horizontal interactions and affect assemblage structure and diversity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Populations of two prey nematodes and their interaction are controlled by a predatory nematode

Santos¹,

Moens²

2011

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Many nematode species are candidate predators of other nematodes. However, the impact of predation on prey population dynamics and assemblage structure is unknown. We performed microcosm experiments in which the effect of the predacious nematode Enoploides longispiculosus on the population development of 2 prey nematode species, Diplolaimelloides meyli and D. oschei, was investigated at different predator abundances. One experiment used monospecifc prey populations, another used a mixed assemblage with both prey species. With monospecific prey populations, abundances of both prey species decreased with increasing predator abundances. Sizeselective predation released small juveniles (J1, J2) completely, and older juveniles (J3, J4) partly, from predation. Since previous studies had demonstrated that D. meyli partially inhibits population development of D. oschei in the absence of predators, and Enoploides prefer D. oschei over D. meyli, we expected predation to emphasize the dominance of D. meyli over D. oschei in mixed prey populations. However, our results showed the opposite, viz. strong inhibition of D. oschei by D. meyli in control microcosms without predators, and decreasing inhibitory effects at increasing predator abundance, resulting in more equitable abundances of both prey species. Predation thus alleviated the inhibitory effect of 1 prey species over the other. We conclude that predatory nematodes like Enoploides exert pronounced effects on their prey populations, but are unlikely to drive individual prey populations to extinction. Further, predator effects on prey assemblage structure depend as much on indirect effects as on direct predator-induced prey mortality. Experiments with more complex and natural species combinations are required to allow proper assessment of the importance of the present findings for natural assemblages.

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Section: Predation Alleviates Horizontal Interactions Between Prey Nesupporting

confidence: 66%

Section: Predation Alleviates Horizontal Interactions Between Prey Nementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Populations of two prey nematodes and their interaction are controlled by a predatory nematode

Santos¹,

Moens²

2011

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…Meiofauna play an important role as intermediaries between the microbial/detrital 61 compartments (by influencing bacterial density and biomass; Mikola, 1998), and larger 62 organisms (by serving as major food sources for higher trophic levels; Danovaro et al, 2007) 63 in food webs (Chardy and Dauvin, 1992; Schmid-Araya et al, 2002). However, little is 64 known about how food quality and quantity affect natural populations (Findlay, 1982; 65 Danovaro and Gambi, 2002).…”

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confidence: 99%

Nematode community dynamics over an annual production cycle in the central North Sea

Schratzberger¹,

Forster²,

Goodsir³

2008

Marine Environmental Research

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Nematode species composition, trophic structure and body size distributions were followed over an annual production cycle in the central North Sea; to test responses to temporally changing food quality and quantity in the sediment. Changes in the phytoplankton concentration in the water column were quantitatively reflected in the concentration of chlorophyll a and breakdown products in the sediment, with higher concentrations in spring and autumn following blooms, and lower concentrations in summer and winter. The taxonomic and trophic structure of nematode communities differed significantly among stations over relatively short distances, potentially masking some of the temporal dynamics. Spatio-temporal differences in nematode species composition were linked to changes in the quality and quantity of organic material reaching the seabed, reflecting a species-specific response to the nutritional quality of sedimenting organic material and the biochemical changes in the sediment associated with its decomposition. The size distributions of selected nematode species indicated that most species bred continuously throughout the sampling period, although one species, the epigrowth feeder Spilophorella paradoxa, had periods of increased growth following the deposition of the spring phytoplankton bloom. There was no consistent temporal relationship between the trophic composition of nematode communities and spring chlorophyll a or carbon sedimentation, most likely a result of the trophic plasticity of most feeding types and the capacity of the community to use both freshly sedimented material as well as the subsequent breakdown products and refractory organic matter. Community metrics implied that there were small responses to the seasonal production cycle, but these belied strong responses of a few species with life histories that allowed them to track the availability of suitable food resources

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Identifying the Relative Importance of Leaf versus Shredder Species Loss on Litter Decomposition in Streams

Swan¹,

Brown²,

DePalma³

2009

International Review of Hydrobiology

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Understanding how species loss influences ecosystem function is a contemporary issue in ecology. However, most research has focused on species loss at one trophic-level. We explored the relationship between functional diversity (FD) and species richness separately for trees and aquatic leaf-shredding detritivores. For trees, we collected information on species-specific leaf tissue chemistry and species co-occurrences in the mid-Atlantic region (USA). For shredders, we used a published trait database with information on communities from 38 streams in the same region. We used a clustering algorithm to estimate FD for each community and for randomly assembled communities. If FD was high, we concluded that species loss was important to change in function; if low, species were functionally redundant and insensitive to species loss. We found tree FD to be significantly different than expected, but shredders exhibited FD levels similar to patterns based on random assembly. Furthermore, there were more leaf species exclusively associated with very high or very low levels of functional diversity compared to shredders. This approach revealed greater implications for leaf than shredder species loss for litter breakdown. IntroductionGlobal acceleration of species loss across ecosystems has prompted ecologists to explore how extinction alters rates of important ecosystem functions (SCHULZE and MOONEY, 1993;KINZIG et al., 2002;LOREAU et al., 2002). While there are numerous studies that have focused on species loss within trophic levels (see CARDINALE et al., 2006 for as recent review), far fewer have addressed the implications compared across trophic levels (SWIFT and ANDERSON, 1993;NAEEM et al., 1994;DUFFY, 2002;PETCHEY et al., 2004;DUFFY et al., 2007; JONS-SON et al., 2007). In detritus based ecosystems, for example, mounting evidence suggests that, in isolation, loss of resource diversity, in the form of leaf litter species loss, and loss of consumer diversity can result in substantial changes to litter breakdown rate (GARTNER and CARDON, 2004;SWAN and PALMER, 2004; LECERF et al., 2007;ABELHO, 2009). In headwater streams with forested riparian areas, both tree species loss and in-stream detritivore (i.e., shredder, sensu PETERSEN and CUMMINS, 1974) species loss are expected to have significant effects on rates of litter decomposition (SPONSELLER and BENFIELD, 2001;HIEBER and GESSNER, 2002;GARTNER and CARDON, 2004;SWAN and PALMER, 2004;KOMINOSKI et al., 2007;LECERF et al., 2007;ABELHO, 2009), which is an important ecosystem process occurring in these systems. Breakdown of organic matter describes the rate at which energy in these largely detritus based ecosystems becomes available to higher trophic levels, and the rate of organic matter export to larger, downstream waterbodies (WALLACE et al., 1982;. Since headwater streams account for the vast majority of stream miles in a watershed (HORTON, 1945;LEOPOLD et al., 1964), and are in intimate contact with the landscape as topographic low-points, understanding how spec...

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Effects of microbivore species composition and basal resource enrichment on trophic-level biomasses in an experimental microbial-based soil food web

Cited by 38 publications

References 39 publications

Populations of two prey nematodes and their interaction are controlled by a predatory nematode

Populations of two prey nematodes and their interaction are controlled by a predatory nematode

Nematode community dynamics over an annual production cycle in the central North Sea

Identifying the Relative Importance of Leaf versus Shredder Species Loss on Litter Decomposition in Streams

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