Effects of micronutrients on DNA repair

Collins, Andrew; Azqueta, Amaya; Langie, Sabine A. S.

doi:10.1007/s00394-012-0318-4

Cited by 64 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…Effects of SNPs in repair genes on phenotypic activity of the corresponding enzymes are very limited, and cannot account for the variation. Environmental factors are presumably responsible for at least some of the variations, and in addition to the likely effects of exposure to DNA-damaging agents, it is clear that dietary factors can also infl uence repair [ 23 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…• Investigating the possible stimulation or induction of repair, for example by micronutrients [ 23 ]: a similar scheme of preincubation of the cells with the putative enhancer is followed. Realistic concentrations (such as could be achieved in the blood by consuming reasonable amounts of the food containing the micronutrient) should be used.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Methods for Measuring DNA Repair: Introduction and Cellular Repair

Collins

Azqueta

2014

Genotoxicity and DNA Repair

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DNA repair pathways provide a critically important cellular defence system, effectively protecting us from mutations and cancer. Distinct pathways deal with various classes of damage: single-and double-strand breaks, oxidized and alkylated bases, bulky adducts, intra-and inter-strand cross-links. A simple approach to measuring the DNA repair capacity of cell lines, or samples of blood cells, for instance, is the cellular repair assay, or challenge assay, in which cells are treated with a specifi c DNA-damaging agent, and incubated; at intervals, samples are taken and the residual damage is measured. The comet assay is well suited for measuring strand break rejoining, excision repair of oxidized or alkylated bases (with a lesion-specifi c endonuclease to convert the altered bases into breaks), and nucleotide excision repair of UV-induced lesions (again, using an appropriate enzyme to detect the damage). An alternative way to assess nucleotide excision repair capability is the incision assay: after UV irradiation, cells are incubated with inhibitors of repair DNA synthesis, so that incomplete repair sites accumulate as DNA breaks.We provide protocols for these DNA repair assays, and discuss their applications-and their limitations. We also raise some important, so far unanswered questions concerning the regulation of repair, and the factors that might account for the wide variations seen in individual repair capacities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methods for Measuring DNA Repair: Introduction and Cellular Repair

Collins

Azqueta

2014

Genotoxicity and DNA Repair

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“…A recent review by Grosso et al discussed many plausible biological mechanisms that explain the protective role patterns such as the Prudent/healthy and the Mediterranean have on the risk of cancer [50]. Fruits and vegetables are rich in antioxidants such as carotenoids, vitamin C, vitamin E, selenium, dietary fiber (and its components), dithiolthiones, glucosinolates (isothiocyanates and indoles), polyphenols, protease inhibitors, allium compounds, plant sterols, and limonene [51]. These compounds have been shown to decrease the risk of cancer possibly through attenuation of the effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and nitrosamines, preventing the progression of different cancers, inhibition of multiple cancer-related biological pathways, such as carcinogen bio-activation, cell-signaling, cell cycle regulation, angiogenesis and inflammation [52].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary patterns and the risk of oral, pharyngeal and laryngeal cancer in Syria: a case control study

et al. 2016

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Background: No study has investigated the relationship between dietary patterns and the risk of oral, pharyngeal and laryngeal cancer in the Middle East and North Africa region. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the association between dietary patterns and the risk of oral, pharyngeal and laryngeal cancer in Syria. Methods: A hospital-based unmatched case-control study was conducted on 108 cases with histologically confirmed oral, pharyngeal or laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and 105 healthy controls, who did not suffer from any dietrelated diseases. Dietary intake data were collected by a face-to-face interview, using a food frequency questionnaire. Socio-demographic and health risk behavioural information was collected using a self-completed questionnaire. Factor analysis and logistic and linear regression analyses were performed. The level of significance was set at 5 %. Results: The factor analysis revealed three dietary patterns labeled "Western", "Traditional Syrian" and "High Protein". The results of logistic regression analyses showed that consumption of Western food in the middle and high tertiles posed a significant increased oral, pharyngeal and laryngeal cancer risk of four and three-fold, respectively (adjusted OR = 4.05, 2.80; 95 % CI = 1.57-10.44, 1.05-7.51; P = 0.004, 0.041; respectively). In contrast, consumption of Traditional Syrian in the high tertile and High Protein in the middle and high tertiles displayed significant protective effects in relation to oral, pharyngeal and laryngeal cancer risk (adjusted OR = 0.28, 0.24, 0.10; 95 % CI = 0.10-0.80, 0.10-0.62, 0.03-0.25; P = 0.018, 0.003, <0.001; respectively). Compared to males, females were more likely to adhere to the High Protein dietary pattern. Traditional Syrian pattern's scores decreased with increasing level of education and smoking. High Protein pattern's scores decreased with age and smoking and increased with working status. Conclusions: Traditional Syrian and High Protein dietary patterns were associated with a decreased oral, pharyngeal and laryngeal cancer risk, whereas Western pattern was associated with an increased oral, pharyngeal and laryngeal cancer risk.

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“…However, the high doses of supplementation were not enough to repair all the damage [determined by the expression of 8-oxoguanine DNA gene Glycosylase 1 (OGG1), associated with repair of oxidative damage in the molecule] [36]. Increased activity of OGG1 was associated in other studies with the consumption of vitamin C (only in the form of slow-release tablets), carrots, kiwi and eating a diet rich in fruits and vegetables [37].…”

Section: Antioxidant Vitamins and Dna Repairmentioning

confidence: 99%