Effects of Microstructure, Mechanical and Physical Properties on Machinability of Graphite Cast Irons

Ren, Jiangzhuo; Ren, Fang; Li, Fengjun; Cui, Linkai; Xiong, Yi; Volinsky, Alex A.

doi:10.3390/met10020285

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The chip contact length essential for the FEM simulation, were experimentally deterimined. The developed maximum cutting temperature in turning at the used workpiece material and cutting conditions, is estimated to be lower than 300 o C [11]. The effect of such temperatures on the developed tool stresses is negligible.…”

Section: Cutting Tests and Explanation Of The Wear Results In Turningmentioning

confidence: 96%

Wear and Fatigue Behavior of PVD and MTCVD TiCN Coated Cemented Carbide Inserts in Turning Cast Iron

Skordaris

Bouzakis

Stergioudi

et al. 2020

DDF

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TiCN coatings of the same chemical compositions were deposited on HW/K05-K20 cemented carbide inserts via physical (PVD) and medium temperature chemical vapor deposition (MTCVD) techniques. Nano-indentations coupled with appropriate FEM simulations were used for characterizing the film and substrate mechanical properties. Furthermore, uncoated cemented carbide substrates were annealed in vacuum at temperatures and durations corresponding to the related ones during the PVD and MTCVD process for recording the effect of the deposition temperature and duration on the substrate strength properties. Perpendicular and inclined impact tests at various loads were performed for checking the coating fatigue endurance and adhesion respectively. These material data were considered in FEM supported calculations for predicting the developed stress fields in the cutting edge during turning cast iron GG30 using the PVD and MTCVD TiCN coated inserts. According to the obtained result, both coatings possess the same stress-strain properties. Hereupon, the MTCVD coatings are characterized comparably to PVD ones by improved fatigue properties and adhesion strength. Although these properties contribute to an increased tool life in finishing turning, the significant reduction of the substrate strength properties, due to the elevated temperature during the MTCVD process, results in a premature coating failure and a consequent intensive wear evolution in roughing.

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Section: Cutting Tests and Explanation Of The Wear Results In Turningmentioning

confidence: 96%

Wear and Fatigue Behavior of PVD and MTCVD TiCN Coated Cemented Carbide Inserts in Turning Cast Iron

Skordaris

Bouzakis

Stergioudi

et al. 2020

DDF

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show abstract

“…The improvement in wear resistance can be attributed to the morphology of graphite flakes and the formation of a graphite film due to abrasion on the wear surface [6]. The higher mechanical hardness is based on the higher volume percentage of pearlite, which can resist surface deformation during the wear phenomena [7,8]. Therefore, it is established that the modified microstructure of GCI with a fine grain size, small amount of graphite, and higher pearlite-to-ferrite ratio is the main requirement for achieving better wear resistance [9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvements in Wear and Corrosion Resistance of Ti-W-Alloyed Gray Cast Iron by Tailoring Its Microstructural Properties

Razaq,

Yu,

Khan

et al. 2024

Materials

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The improved wear and corrosion resistance of gray cast iron (GCI) with enhanced mechanical properties is a proven stepping stone towards the longevity of its versatile industrial applications. In this article, we have tailored the microstructural properties of GCI by alloying it with titanium (Ti) and tungsten (W) additives, which resulted in improved mechanical, wear, and corrosion resistance. The results also show the nucleation of the B-, D-, and E-type graphite flakes with the A-type graphite flake in the alloyed GCI microstructure. Additionally, the alloyed microstructure demonstrated that the ratio of the pearlite volume percentage to the ferrite volume percentage was improved from 67/33 to 87/13, whereas a reduction in the maximum graphite length and average grain size from 356 ± 31 µm to 297 ± 16 µm and 378 ± 18 µm to 349 ± 19 µm was detected. Consequently, it improved the mechanical properties and wear and corrosion resistance of alloyed GCI. A significant improvement in Brinell hardness, yield strength, and tensile strength of the modified microstructure from 213 ± 7 BHN to 272 ± 8 BHN, 260 ± 3 MPa to 310 ± 2 MPa, and 346 ± 12 MPa to 375 ± 7 MPa was achieved, respectively. The substantial reduction in the wear rate of alloyed GCI from 8.49 × 10−3 mm3/N.m to 1.59 × 10−3 mm3/N.m resulted in the upgradation of the surface roughness quality from 297.625 nm to 192.553 nm. Due to the increase in the corrosion potential from −0.5832 V to −0.4813 V, the impedance of the alloyed GCI was increased from 1545 Ohm·cm2 to 2290 Ohm·cm2. On the basis of the achieved experimental results, it is suggested that the reliability of alloyed GCI based on experimentally validated microstructural compositions can be ensured during the operation of plants and components in a severe wear and corrosive environment. It can be predicted that the proposed alloyed GCI components are capable of preventing the premature failure of high-tech components susceptible to a wear and corrosion environment.

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“…The authors in [12] investigated the mechanical properties depending on the cross-section thickness in GGG40 NCI, and the authors in ref. [13] evaluated the effects of microstructure, mechanical and physical properties on machinability of graphite cast irons. Samec et al [14] analyzed the low cycle fatigue behaviour of NCI GGG50 subject to high temperatures of 300 °C and 400 °C, with applications in railway brake disks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nodular Cast Iron GGG40, 60, 70 Mechanical Characterization from Bars and Blocks Obtained from Brazilian Foundry

Fernandes

Anflor

Goulart

et al. 2022

Metals

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Nodular cast iron has been commonly applied in industry and many engineering applications due to its low production cost and the similarity of its mechanical properties to carbon steel. The mechanical properties of nodular cast iron are very dependent on its microstructure and also on the characteristics of the graphite nodules. In this sense, the main objective of this paper was to evaluate and characterize the nodular cast iron grades GGG40, GGG60 and GGG70 in the absence of heat treatment. In addition, specimens were obtained from casted bars and blocks without the Y-block casting process. The microstructure was analyzed by optical microscopy with the support of computational image analysis for determination of the attributes of the graphite nodules and the quantification of each phase present in the microstructure of the nodular cast iron. The results showed that the microstructure has a strong effect on the material’s strength, especially the density of graphite nodules in the material. This difference reinforces the idea that cast iron can undergo mechanical changes due to changes in the casting process, confirming the importance of checking the characteristics of the cast batch before engineering applications of the material.

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Effects of Microstructure, Mechanical and Physical Properties on Machinability of Graphite Cast Irons

Cited by 8 publications

References 22 publications

Wear and Fatigue Behavior of PVD and MTCVD TiCN Coated Cemented Carbide Inserts in Turning Cast Iron

Wear and Fatigue Behavior of PVD and MTCVD TiCN Coated Cemented Carbide Inserts in Turning Cast Iron

Improvements in Wear and Corrosion Resistance of Ti-W-Alloyed Gray Cast Iron by Tailoring Its Microstructural Properties

Nodular Cast Iron GGG40, 60, 70 Mechanical Characterization from Bars and Blocks Obtained from Brazilian Foundry

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