“…In Europe nowadays around 30% of the daily volume is transacted in the closing auction, which makes the duration of the closing auction in trade time similar to approximately half a day of continuous trading 5 . 5 The fraction of daily transacted volume that is transacted in closing auctions has increased greatly over the past years, especially since the introduction of MiFID II, see Derksen et al (2020b). stocks in our sample.…”