Effects of Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction Program on Depression, Anxiety and Stress in Patients with Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Abstract

Objective : In this study, the Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) program was applied to patients presenting with depression and anxiety after surgery from spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and the effects were assessed. Methods : The subjects were patients admitted for cerebral aneurysm rupture and treated by means of surgery from March to December, 2007. More than 6 months had passed after surgery, without any special lesions showing up on computed tomography (CT), and the Glasgow outcome scale (GOS) was 5 points. Among patients with anxiety and depression symptoms, 11 patients completed the program. The MBSR program was conducted once a week, 2.5 hours each, for 8 weeks. The evaluation criteria were : 1) the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI): it measures the type and level of depression, 2) the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory : the anxiety state of normal adults without mental disorder, and 3) Heart Rate Variability (HRV) : the influence of the autonomous nervous system on the sinoarterial node varies continuously in response to the change of the internal/external environment. Results : The BDI value was decreased from 18.5 ± 10.9 to 9.5 ± 7.1 (p = 0.013) : it was statistically significant, and the depression level of patients was lowered. The state anxiety was decreased from 51.3 ± 13.9 to 42.3 ± 15.2; the trait anxiety was reduced from 50.9 ± 12.3 to 41.3 ± 12.8, and a borderline significant difference was shown (p = 0.091, p = 0.056). In other words, after the treatment, although it was not statistically significant, a decreased tendency in anxiety was shown. In the HRV measurement, standard deviation normal to normal (SDNN), square root of the square root of the mean sum of squared differences between adjacent normal to normal intervals (RMSSD), and total power (TP) showed significant increase, Physical Stress Index (PSI) showed a significant reduction, and thus an improvement in the homeostatic control mechanism of the autonomic nervous system was ween. Conclusion : The MBSR program was applied to the patients showing anxiety and depression reaction after SAH treatment, and a reduction in depression symptoms and physiological reactions were observed. The application of the MBSR program may be considered as a new tool in improving the quality of life for patients after surgery.

Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction, Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy, and Zen Meditation for Depression, Anxiety, Pain, and Psychological Distress

“…Examples include studies suggesting effectiveness for depressive 78,[176][177][178] as well as anxiety symptoms, [178][179][180][181] including PTSD, 176 social anxiety disorder, 78,182 and generalized anxiety disorder. 183 However, a comparison with group cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for social anxiety disorder found that the CBT intervention was more effective than MBSR.…”

“…191,192 Evidence indicates that MBSR improves general mental health, 193 and many studies indicate improved psychological functioning among individuals with a variety of medical disorders. 164,177,178,184,[194][195][196][197][198][199][200] However, MBSR is also effective for healthy people, 181,201 and some evidence indicates that MBSR may be beneficial for psychological functioning among health care professionals. [202][203][204] Although most studies have been conducted with adults, recent research also suggests a benefit for adolescents.…”

Comparing Mindfulness-Based Group Therapy With Treatment as Usual for Opioid Dependents

“…Mindfulness-based therapies have proved to be effective in a wide range of physical and psychological problems such as chronic pain (10), depression, anxiety, and stress among college students (11) or people with subarachnoid hemorrhage (12), psychosocial stress (13), and depression (14), as well as distinct psychiatric disorders, including hypochondriasis (15), social phobia (16), generalized anxiety disorder (17), obsessive-compulsive disorders (18), and somatization disorder (19). Mindfulness-based relapse prevention (20) is a program integrating mindfulness meditation practices with traditional relapse prevention (RP).…”

Teaching Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) Live Online to Individuals Suffering from Mental Fatigue - A Qualitative Evaluation

“…(2012) found reduced mental fatigue and improved cognitive function (processing speed and attention) after the completion of an MBSR program for participants suffering from mental fatigue after TBI or stroke (Johansson et al, 2012). Other researchers also reported on positive effects after an MBSR course for people who had suffered a TBI with improved quality of life, perceived self-efficacy and cognition (Azulay, Smart, Mott, & Cicerone, 2013), improved quality of life and decreased depression (Bedard and co-workers, 2003), and, after a stroke decreased depression (Joo, Lee, Chung, & Shin, 2010). Fatigue was not included in these studies, but reduced fatigue after MBSR has been reported in other diseases e.g.…”