Effects of moderate exercise on biochemical, morphological, and physiological parameters of the pancreas of female mice with estrogen deprivation and dyslipidemia

Veloso, A. G. B.; Lima, Nathalia; Ornelas, Elisabete de Marco; Cardoso, Cléver Gomes; Marques, Mirian David; Reis, Beatriz da Costa Aguiar Alves; Fonseca, Fernando Luiz Affonso; Maifrino, Laura Beatriz Mesiano

doi:10.1007/s00795-018-0179-x

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Chronic exercise also improves and/or maintains blood glucose control ( Zhu et al, 2008 ; van Dijk et al, 2012 ) and reduces blood insulin levels during intraperitoneal and intravenous glucose tolerance tests ( Galbo et al, 1981 ; Calegari et al, 2011 ). Lower plasma insulin levels also been related in researches conducted by Gomes et al (2013) and Veloso et al (2018) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…It is known that decreased insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle prevents the uptake of insulin and subsequently amino acids, thereby suppressing protein synthesis ( Gould et al, 2013 ). On the other hand, moderate exercise training provokes an enhanced insulin sensitivity independently of the changes in body composition ( McTiernan, 2008 ; Menshikova et al, 2017 ), and a reduction in insulin secretion in response to glucose ( Galbo et al, 1981 ; Koranyi et al, 1991 ; Calegari et al, 2011 ; Gomes et al, 2013 ; Veloso et al, 2018 ); it also prevents islet failure and maintains overall islet quality ( Delghingaro-Augusto et al, 2012 ; Gomes et al, 2013 ; Veloso et al, 2018 ). Contrasting findings showed an increase in insulin secretion in the islets of trained rats ( Almeida et al, 2012 ; Tsuchiya et al, 2013 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, preserving beta-cell mass and function is fundamental to avoid metabolic disorders ( Veloso et al, 2018 ), and concerning only this factor, would put doubts about our training protocol.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the mechanisms underlying on cancer prevention and progression are still not fully understood, there is evidence that chronic moderate exercise induce several desirable metabolic alterations, such as reducing fat cell volume ( Nechuta et al, 2015 ; Pistor et al, 2015 ), improving tissue insulin sensitivity and reducing fasting hyperinsulinemia ( Westerlind et al, 2003 ; Gomes et al, 2013 ; Keshel and Coker, 2015 ) and increase pancreatic beta-cell function and mass ( Calegari et al, 2012 ; Gomes et al, 2013 ; Paula et al, 2018 ; Veloso et al, 2018 ). This information is very important, because during tumor growth and cell proliferation, weak pancreatic insulin secretion is present ( Fernandes et al, 1990 ; Rose and Vona-Davis, 2012 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Aerobic Exercise Training Attenuates Tumor Growth and Reduces Insulin Secretion in Walker 256 Tumor-Bearing Rats

et al. 2018

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Aerobic exercise training can improve insulin sensitivity in many tissues; however, the relationship among exercise, insulin, and cancer cell growth is unclear. We tested the hypothesis that aerobic exercise training begun during adolescence can attenuate Walker 256 tumor growth in adult rats and alter insulin secretion. Thirty-day-old male Wistar rats engaged in treadmill running for 8 weeks, 3 days/week, 44 min/day, at 55–65% VO2max until they were 90 days old (TC, Trained Control). An equivalently aged group was kept inactive during the same period (SC, Sedentary Control). Then, half the animals of the SC and TC groups were reserved as the control condition and the other half were inoculated with Walker 256 cancer cells, yielding two additional groups (Sedentary Walker and Trained Walker). Zero mortalities were observed in tumor-bearing rats. Body weight (BW), food intake, plasma glucose, insulin levels, and peripheral insulin sensitivity were analyzed before and after tumor cell inoculation. We also evaluated tumor growth, metastasis and cachexia. Isolated pancreatic islets secretory activity was analyzed. In addition, we evaluated mechanic sensibility. Our results showed improved physical performance according to the final workload and VO2max and reduced BW in trained rats at the end of the running protocol. Chronic adaptation to the aerobic exercise training decreased tumor weight, cachexia and metastasis and were associated with low glucose and insulin levels and high insulin sensitivity before and after tumor cell inoculation. Aerobic exercise started at young age also reduced pancreatic islet insulin content and insulin secretion in response to a glucose stimulus, without impairing islet morphology in trained rats. Walker 256 tumor-bearing sedentary rats also presented reduced pancreatic islet insulin content, without changing insulin secretion through isolated pancreatic islets. The mechanical sensitivity test indicated that aerobic exercise training did not cause injury or trigger inflammatory processes prior to tumor cell inoculation. Taken together, the current study suggests that aerobic exercise training applied during adolescence may mitigate tumor growth and related disorders in Walker 256 tumor-bearing adult rats. Improved insulin sensibility, lower glucose and insulin levels and/or reduced insulin secretion stimulated by glucose may be implicated in this tumor attenuation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Aerobic Exercise Training Attenuates Tumor Growth and Reduces Insulin Secretion in Walker 256 Tumor-Bearing Rats

et al. 2018

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“…A motor‐driven treadmill intervention also prevented type 2 diabetes following a high‐fat diet feeding of OVX rats for 10 weeks, leading to decreased fat storage capability 189 . In addition, moderate aerobic exercise consisting of progressive load treadmill for 5 weeks reduced triglycerides, VAT, cholesterol and glucose in the pancreas of LDL‐knockout mice deprived of E2, explaining the rationale of insulin resistance in this murine model 190 . Interestingly, further reductions in VAT and the lipid profile of OVX rats were achieved after completing an isoflavone‐rich diet and intense treadmill uphill running for 8 weeks 191 …”

Section: The Potential Of Regular Physical Activity Against Nafld Dev...mentioning

confidence: 85%

The advantages of physical exercise as a preventive strategy against NAFLD in postmenopausal women

Molina-Molina

Furtado

Jones

et al. 2022

Eur J Clin Investigation

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Background The prevalence and severity of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) increase in women after menopause. This narrative review discusses the causes and consequences of NAFLD in postmenopausal women and describes how physical activity can contribute to its prevention. Methods The authors followed the narrative review method to perform a critical and objective analysis of the current knowledge on the topic. The Medical Subject Heading keywords ‘physical exercise’, ‘menopause’, ‘hormone replacement therapy’, ‘estradiol’ and ‘NAFLD’ were used to establish a conceptual framework. The databases used to collect relevant references included Medline and specialized high‐impact journals. Results Higher visceral adiposity, higher rate of lipolysis in adipose tissue after oestrogen drop and changes in the expression of housekeeping proteins involved in hepatic lipid management are observed in women after menopause, contributing to NAFLD. Excessive liver steatosis leads to hepatic insulin resistance, oxidative stress and inflammation, accelerating NAFLD progression. Physical activity brings beneficial effects against several postmenopausal‐associated complications, including NAFLD progression. Aerobic and resistance exercises partially counteract alterations induced by metabolic syndrome in sedentary postmenopausal women, impacting NAFLD progression and severity. Conclusions With the increased global obesity epidemic in developing countries, NAFLD is becoming a severe problem with increased prevalence in women after menopause. Evidence shows that physical activity may delay NAFLD development and severity in postmenopausal women, although the prescription of age‐appropriate physical activity programmes is advisable to assure the health benefits.

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Physical exercise alters hepatic morphology of low-density lipoprotein receptor knockout ovariectomized mice

et al. 2018

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To explore the effects of physical exercise on the liver of animals in menopause, we analyzed the histomorphometric parameters of the hepatic tissue in ovariectomized and dyslipidemic female mice. The animals were distributed in six groups (n = 5): sedentary control (SC), sedentary ovariectomized control (SOC), trained ovariectomized control (TOC), sedentary LDL knockout (LDL-S), sedentary ovariectomized LDL knockout (LDL-SO), and trained ovariectomized LDL knockout (LDL-TO). At the end of the experiment, the liver and the visceral adipose tissue (VAT) of animals were removed for morphometric and stereological studies. In the LDL-S and LDL-SO animals, both sedentary, results showed reduction in the area (µm) and major and minor diameters (µm) of hepatocytes and reduction in the portions of large hepatocytes, and increase in the percentage of Kupffer cells. The trained group showed a tendency of increase in the area and diameter and in the percentage of hepatocytes, as well significant reduction in the percentage of Kupffer cells and interstitial tissue. We suggested that training can prevent cell and tissue damage caused by the process of increase in hepatic fat, lipoperoxidation, and tissue inflammation in animals with privation of estrogen and dyslipidemia, apparently reflecting a better metabolic response of the hepatic tissue in organisms undergoing training.

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Effects of moderate exercise on biochemical, morphological, and physiological parameters of the pancreas of female mice with estrogen deprivation and dyslipidemia

Cited by 7 publications

References 36 publications

Aerobic Exercise Training Attenuates Tumor Growth and Reduces Insulin Secretion in Walker 256 Tumor-Bearing Rats

Aerobic Exercise Training Attenuates Tumor Growth and Reduces Insulin Secretion in Walker 256 Tumor-Bearing Rats

The advantages of physical exercise as a preventive strategy against NAFLD in postmenopausal women

Physical exercise alters hepatic morphology of low-density lipoprotein receptor knockout ovariectomized mice

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