2008
DOI: 10.1007/s00128-008-9602-7
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Effects of Molinate on Survival and Development of Bombina orientalis (Boulenger) Embryos

Abstract: Molinate, a thiocarbamate chemical is a slightly to moderately toxic herbicide in EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) toxicity class III, and is a registered as a General Use Pesticide (GUP). Bombina orientalis is one of the most common amphibians in the world and comprise a large proportion of their total number in Korea. B. orientalis spawns in the rice fields at spring when the massive application of agricultural chemicals occurs. In the present study, we examined the effects of molinate on embryonic surv… Show more

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Cited by 14 publications
(8 citation statements)
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“…Similar changes have also been reported in intoxication of larvae and Bombina orientalis tadpoles with molinate, a thiocarbamate used as an herbicide [123]. The change in survival rate was not significant until the blastula stage.…”
Section: Influence Of Pesticides On Histological and Biochemical Parasupporting
confidence: 80%
“…Similar changes have also been reported in intoxication of larvae and Bombina orientalis tadpoles with molinate, a thiocarbamate used as an herbicide [123]. The change in survival rate was not significant until the blastula stage.…”
Section: Influence Of Pesticides On Histological and Biochemical Parasupporting
confidence: 80%
“…Table summarizes chronic NOECs that were available for both amphibians and fish. A highly significant positive correlation was found between the amphibian and fish NOECs (Spearman's r s = 0.58 [95% confidence interval 0.51–1.00], p < 0.0001).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Although herbicides helped the farmer community by increasing the crop yields, their use also resulted in a number of problems i.e. contamination of soil and water [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], negative effects on non-target organisms, such invertebrates [9], [10], [11], [12], fish [13], [14], amphibians [15] and microorganisms, including cyanobacteria [16], [17], [18], [19].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%