Effects of Morphine on Cardiac Output and Regional Blood Flow Distribution in Conscious Dogs

Priano, Lawrence L.; Vatner, Stephen F.

doi:10.1097/00000542-197909001-00140

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…). Similarly, in dogs, the administration of morphine at 3 mg kg −1 IV did not induce significant changes in HR during 30 minutes of evaluation (Priano & Vatner ). IV tramadol at doses of 1.5 mg kg −1 and 2.6 mg kg −1 followed by a continuous infusion caused no change in HR in dogs over 45 minutes (Seddighi et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Sedative and cardiopulmonary effects of xylazine alone or in combination with methadone, morphine or tramadol in sheep

Carvalho

Nishimura

Borges

et al. 2016

Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia

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Objective To evaluate the cardiopulmonary and sedative effects of xylazine alone or in combination with methadone, morphine or tramadol in sheep. Study design Experimental, prospective, crossover, randomized, blinded study. Animals Six Santa Inês breed sheep (females) aged 12 ± 8 months and weighing 39.5 ± 7.4 kg. Methods Sheep were sedated with each of four treatments in a randomized, crossover design, with a minimum washout period of 7 days between treatments. Treatments were: X [xylazine (0.1 mg kg−1)]; XM [xylazine (0.1 mg kg−1) and methadone (0.5 mg kg−1)]; XMO [xylazine (0.1 mg kg−1) and morphine (0.5 mg kg−1)], and XT [xylazine (0.1 mg kg−1) and tramadol (5 mg kg−1)]. Each drug combination was mixed in the syringe and injected intravenously. Sedation, heart rate (HR), mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), rectal temperature (RT°C), respiratory rate (fR), arterial blood gases and electrolytes were measured before drug administration (T0) and then at 15 minute intervals for 120 minutes (T15–T120). Results Heart rate significantly decreased in all treatments compared with T0. PaCO2 values in XM and XMO were higher at all time points compared with T0. In treatments X and XM, pH, bicarbonate (HCO3−) and base excess were increased at all time points compared with T0. PaO2 was significantly decreased at T15–T75 in XM, at all time points in XMO, and at T15 and T30 in XT. Sedation at T15 and T30 in XM and XMO was greater than in the other treatments. Conclusions and clinical relevance The combinations of methadone, morphine or tramadol with xylazine resulted in cardiopulmonary changes similar to those induced by xylazine alone in sheep. The combinations provided better sedation, principally at 15 minutes and 30 minutes following administration.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Sedative and cardiopulmonary effects of xylazine alone or in combination with methadone, morphine or tramadol in sheep

Carvalho

Nishimura

Borges

et al. 2016

Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia

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“…, 1969) and in dogs (Priano & Vatner, 1981) showing that morphine results in hemodynamic stability, even when administered at high doses intravenously (1 mg/kg). In conscious dogs, dose of 1 mg/kg of morphine did not cause substantial changes in arterial pressure, systemic vascular resistance, HR, and CO (Priano & Vatner, 1981).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of the cardio‐respiratory effects of methadone and morphine in conscious dogs^††

Maiante

Neto

Beier

et al. 2009

Vet Pharm & Therapeutics

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The effects of methadone and morphine were compared in conscious dogs. Six animals received morphine sulfate (1 mg/kg) or methadone hydrochloride (0.5 mg/kg [MET0.5] or 1.0 mg/kg [MET1.0]) intravenously (i.v.) in a randomized complete block design. Cardiopulmonary variables were recorded before (baseline), and for 120 min after drug administration. One outlier was not included in the statistical analysis for hemodynamic data. Morphine decreased heart rate (HR) compared to baseline from 30 to 120 min (-15% to -26%), while cardiac index (CI) was reduced only at 120 min (-19%). Greater and more prolonged reductions in HR (-32% to -46%) and in CI (-24% to -52%) were observed after MET1.0, while intermediate reductions were recorded after MET0.5 (-19 to -28% for HR and -17% to -27% for CI). The systemic vascular resistance index (SVRI) was increased after methadone; MET1.0 produced higher SVRI values than MET0.5 (maximum increases: 57% and 165% for MET0.5 and MET1.0, respectively). Compared to morphine, oxygen partial pressure (PaO(2)) was lower (-12% to -13%) at 5 min of methadone (0.5 and 1.0 mg/kg), while carbon dioxide partial pressure (PaCO(2)) did not change significantly. It was concluded that methadone induces cardiovascular changes that are dose-related and is a more potent cardiovascular depressant agent than morphine in conscious dogs.

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“…Endogenous and exogenous opiates have been implicated in the regulation of kidney function 15–20 . Morphine has been shown to have significant effects on regional (renal) haemodynamics, although effects on systemic haemodynamics were minimal 21 . Morphine reduces both glomerular filtration and renal blood flow, 11 which could, thereby, reduce MTX clearance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Morphine on Methotrexate Disposition in Mice

Looney

Hurwitz

2004

Clin Exp Pharma Physio

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1. Morphine has been shown to slow the renal excretion of other drugs. The present study in mice evaluated the effects of morphine on the disposition of methotrexate (MTX), an antimetabolite eliminated by the kidneys. 2. Mice were injected with morphine (20 mg/kg) or saline s.c. After 30 min, 20-80 mg/kg MTX was injected i.v. Blood and urine samples were assayed for MTX by HPLC. 3. Morphine reduced plasma clearance (CL) of MTX from 0.147 +/- 0.015 to 0.061 +/- 0.009 mL/min per g bodyweight (P < 0.01). The area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC(0- infinity )) was raised by morphine from 151 +/- 18 to 369 +/- 36 micro g.mL per min (P < 0.01). Without morphine administration, 22-27% of an MTX dose was excreted into the urine in 30 min. The corresponding fractions excreted into the urine after morphine were reduced to 15-18% (P < 0.01). 4. Plasma levels of MTX administered intravenously to mice are elevated by the concomitant administration of morphine, which reduces renal elimination of MTX.

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Effects of Morphine on Cardiac Output and Regional Blood Flow Distribution in Conscious Dogs

Cited by 8 publications

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Sedative and cardiopulmonary effects of xylazine alone or in combination with methadone, morphine or tramadol in sheep

Sedative and cardiopulmonary effects of xylazine alone or in combination with methadone, morphine or tramadol in sheep

Comparison of the cardio‐respiratory effects of methadone and morphine in conscious dogs^††

Effects of Morphine on Methotrexate Disposition in Mice

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Effects of Morphine on Cardiac Output and Regional Blood Flow Distribution in Conscious Dogs

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Sedative and cardiopulmonary effects of xylazine alone or in combination with methadone, morphine or tramadol in sheep

Sedative and cardiopulmonary effects of xylazine alone or in combination with methadone, morphine or tramadol in sheep

Comparison of the cardio‐respiratory effects of methadone and morphine in conscious dogs††

Effects of Morphine on Methotrexate Disposition in Mice

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Comparison of the cardio‐respiratory effects of methadone and morphine in conscious dogs^††