Effects of multi-carbohydrase and phytase on standardized ileal digestibility of amino acids and apparent metabolizable energy in canola meal fed to broiler chicks

Abstract

Two assays were conducted to evaluate nutritive value of canola meal (CM) fed to broiler chicks without or with a multi-carbohydrase (MC) preparation (700 U α-galactosidase, 2,200 U galactomannanase, 30,000 U xylanase, and 22,000 U β-glucanase per kg of diet) and phytase (Phy, 500 FTU per kg of diet). Assay 1 determined apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of nutrients and metabolizable energy (AME) by the difference method. Assay 2 determined apparent ileal digestibility (AID) and standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of amino acids by the index method. Two reference diets (RD) - an 85% corn based and a 5% casein-cornstarch diet fortified with vitamins and minerals - were made for assays 1 and 2, respectively. For each assay, the test diets were made by mixing RD and CM 7:3 wt/wt basis and fed without or with MC or Phy or combination. A total of 245 day-old male broilers (Cobb 500) was allocated to 5 treatments to give 7 replicates (7 birds/cage). The birds were fed a commercial diet from day zero to 10 followed by assay 1 fed from d 11 to 18 and assay 2 fed from d 19 to 21. Excreta samples were collected on d 15 to18, and all birds were slaughtered on d 21 for ileal digesta. There was an interaction (P < 0.05) between MC and Phy on ATTD of DM, N, and P. There was no interaction (P > 0.05) between MC and Phy on AMEn; however, MC and Phy individually improved AMEn retention. Enzymes interacted (P < 0.05) on SID of Arg, His, Leu, Met, Thr, Ala, Asp, Gln, and Gly. In this context, feeding a combination of MC and Phy resulted in higher (P < 0.05) SID of Arg, His, Met, and Thr relative to single activity or control. Both enzymes improved (P < 0.05) SID of Lys independently. The combination of carbohydrase and Phy may be an effective strategy to improve amino acid utilization in CM for poultry.

Nitrogen retention, energy, and amino acid digestibility of wheat bran, without or with multicarbohydrase and phytase supplementation, fed to broiler chickens1

“…The MC and Phy increased (P < 0.05) the AME n of WB by 9.76% and 5.14%, respectively, compared with WB without enzymes. Present observations are in agreement with Gallardo et al (2017) who reported that birds fed with canola meal plus Phy-MC combination showed higher energy retention compared with control diet and diets with alone enzymes. Selle et al (2009) reported that broilers fed a Phy-xylanase wheatbased diet showed an increase AME n of 0.63 MJ/ kg on a DM basis.…”

“…The present results indicate that AA digestibility was improved in the broilers when fed with WB diets supplemented with exogenous enzymes. Thus, there were beneficial effects of enzymes on N retention increasing the absorption of AA (Dadalt et al, 2017;Gallardo et al, 2017). The MC and Phy combination showed a higher effect on AA digestibility in the SID of Arg, His, Leu, Lys, Phe, Thr, Val, Asp, Cys, Glu, and Ser.…”

Effects of Fermentation on Standardized Ileal Digestibility of Amino Acids and Apparent Metabolizable Energy in Rapeseed Meal Fed to Broiler Chickens

“…In this study, during Lactobacillus acidophilus fermentation of rapeseed meal, a considerable amount of amylases, proteases, phytases, and β -glucanases may be produced and activated. These enzymes consumed the insoluble fibers in RSM and produced soluble matters with simple structure; carbohydrate composition was modified as a result of microbial metabolism and, to some extent, due to activation of inherent enzymes in the cereal protein feedstuff [ 43 ]. In a study by Alahyarishahrasb et al [ 29 ], enzyme treatment ( β -glucanase, 0.5 g/kg) barley had significantly higher AMEn values than no enzyme treatment when fed to cockerels.…”

“…In a report by Cowieson and Ravindran [ 49 ], the increased protein digestibility by phytase supplementation was associated with the reduction of endogenous protein flow and nutrition losses. Gallardo et al [ 43 ] also noticed the reduced phytate decreased the endogenous inputs for protein digestion, which resulted in an improvement in SID of amino acids, principally Thr, Asp, and Gly, which predominate in the endogenous proteins [ 52 ]. This may be the same way FRSM achieved higher AID and SID of Ala, Val, Ile, Leu, Tyr, Lys, Arg, and Phe observed in the present study.…”

Effect of protease supplementation on the digestibility of amino acids in animal-origin meals for broiler diets

“…On the other hand, investigations attesting to a positive effect of proteases on the energy values of diets are more common (Olukosi et al 2015;Mahmood et al 2017). Gallardo et al (2017) evaluated the addition of a complex composed of carbohydrase and protease to diets with maize distillers' dried grain with solubles and observed an increase of AMEn, suggesting that the presence of protease improves the digestion of nutrients in the birds' gut. On the other hand, Scotta et al (2016) found that the addition of a meal containing α-amylase from maize residues had a significant effect on the values of AME and AMEn, and there was a positive effect on the coefficient of metabolizable energy.…”