Effects of Multicomponent Exercise on Functional and Cognitive Parameters of Hypertensive Patients: A Quasi-Experimental Study

Abstract

Purpose. The present study aimed to investigate the impact of a 6-month multicomponent exercise program (MCEP) on physical function and cognitive parameters of normotensive (NTS) and hypertensive (HTS) older patients and verify if age can influence the adaptations in response to the exercise. Methods. A total of 218 subjects, 101 NTS and 117 HTS, were recruited and underwent functional and cognitive evaluations before and after six months of a MCEP. The program of exercise was performed twice a week, for 26 weeks. The physical exercises were thought to mimic the activities of daily living and, therefore, aggregated functional and walking exercises. Exercise sessions were performed at moderate intensity. Results. Data indicated that HTS and NST patients showed a similar increase in the performance of walking speed test and one-leg stand test after the MCEP. Regarding age, results did not show differences in the magnitude of adaptations between old and young HTS and NTS patients. Conclusions. Data of the present study indicated that a 6-month MCEP was able to increase equally balance and mobility in NTS and HTS patients. Moreover, data demonstrated that aging did not seem to impair the capacity to adapt in response to exercise in both groups.

Effects of a short-term detraining period on muscle functionality and cognition of strength trained older women: a preliminary report

“…For the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that investigated the effects of a detraining period on cognitive parameters of older adults. Indeed, most studies have been evaluating the impact of exercise training on executive function of older adults ( Coelho Júnior et al, 2017b ; Liu-Ambrose et al, 2010 ) and data about the detraining period are limited, which strongly limits our discussion.…”

“…During all tests, verbal encouragement was provided to assure that volunteers reached the best performance possible (except for the TUG with a cognitive test). Evaluations were described previously by our group ( Coelho Júnior et al, 2016 ; Coelho Júnior et al, 2017a , 2017b ).…”

“…Furthermore, it is noteworthy, that there is an increasing number of experiments investigating the impact of exercise training on the cognitive parameters of older adults, including executive function ( Coelho Júnior et al, 2017b ; Liu-Ambrose et al, 2010 ). Executive function is an important cognitive domain, which collaborates to the development of essential activities of daily living (ADL), once it allows the individual to create, develop, execute and evaluate the effectiveness of a strategy ( Snyder et al, 2015 ).…”

Hypertension, Sarcopenia, and Global Cognitive Function in Community-Dwelling Older Women: A Preliminary Study

“…All subjects were instructed to refrain from physical exercise for 96 hours before the tests and to refrain from eating or drinking (including water) for 8 hours before the tests. All tests were conducted between 07:00 am and 10:00 am under a controlled temperature of 24°–26°C [ 18 ].…”

Low blood pressure is sustained during subsequent activities of daily living performed after power training in older women

“…Hypertension (HTN) is a chronic degenerative condition clinically characterized by an asymptomatic persistent elevation in arterial blood pressure values ( Chobanian et al, 2003 ). Even if several evidence have been discussing a possible association between HTN, muscular impairment and cognitive decline ( Coelho-Junior et al, 2017b ; Coelho-Junior et al, 2017c ), the main concern about this disease is due its strong association with the development of cardiovascular (e.g., myocardial infarction) and neurovascular (e.g., stroke) diseases, and, consequently, early death ( Mozaffarian et al, 2015 ; World Health Organization, 2009 ). Regarding its prevalence, older women seem to be the most affected group, once American Heart Association reports indicate that 80% of American older women present a clinical diagnosis of HTN ( Go et al, 2013 ).…”