Effects of myostatin deficiency on PGC-1α and FNDC5 expression in three different murine muscle types

Bai, Yun; Bi, Huixin; Li, Lixin; Li, Jingwei; Yu, Xiuju; Ren, Huawei; Li, Yilei; Ji, Yunyan; Li, Hongquan; Wang, Haidong

doi:10.1016/j.acthis.2019.02.001

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…As a key factor in regulating skeletal muscle fiber type transformation (especially oxidative fiber formation), PGC1α can induced FNDC5 expression and irisin secretion in skeletal muscle (Boström et al , 2012;Svensson & Handschin, 2014;Bai et al, 2019). PGC1α, FNDC5 and oxidative-type muscle fiber can be induced some the same factors, such as endurance training, stretching, mechanical load, outdoor exercise and cold environment (Men, Tao & Xu, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

FNDC5 expression closely correlates with muscle fiber types in porcine longissimus dorsi muscle and regulates myosin heavy chains (MyHCs) mRNA expression in C2C12 cells

Men

Tao

et al. 2021

PeerJ

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Background Irisin (a glycosylated protein) is cleaved from fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC5), which is expressed mainly in animal muscle tissues and has multiple metabolic regulatory activities. However, their roles in controlling myofiber types in skeletal muscle remain unclear. Methodology Two different commercial hybridized pigs, LJH (a crossed pig containing Chinese native pig genotypes) and DLY (Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire) were selected to analyze FNDC5 mRNA expression and the mRNA composition of four adult myosin heavy chain (MyHC) isoforms (IIIaIIxIIb) in the longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle. C2C12 myoblasts were cultured to investigate the effects of FNDC5 on the four MyHCs mRNA expressive levels, using small interfering RNA for depletion and a eukaryotic expression vector carrying FNDC5 for overexpression. ZLN005 (a small molecule activator of FNDC5’s upstream control gene PGC1α) or recombinant human irisin protein were also used. Results In LD muscle, LJH pigs had the higher FNDC5 mRNA level, and MyHC I or IIa proportion than DLY pigs (P < 0.05). For C2C12 cells in vitro, small interfering RNA (si-592) silencing of FNDC5 expression markedly reduced MyHC IIa mRNA levels (P < 0.05), while FNDC5 overexpression significantly increased MyHC IIa mRNA levels (P < 0.05). Exogenous irisin increased the mRNA levels of PGC1α (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha), FNDC5, MyHCI, MyHCIIa, NRF1 (nuclear respiratory factor 1), VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor), and TFAM (mitochondrial transcription factor A,) (P < 0.05), and the enzyme activities of SDH (succinate dehydrogenase), CK (creatine kinase), and MDH (malate dehydrogenase) in C2C12 myotubes (P < 0.05). These results showed that FNDC5 mRNA expression had a significant association with the characteristics of myofiber types in porcine muscle, and participated in regulating MyHCs mRNA expression of C2C12 myogenic differentiation cells in vitro. FNDC5 could be an important factor to control muscle fiber types, which provides a new direction to investigate pork quality via muscle fiber characteristics.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

FNDC5 expression closely correlates with muscle fiber types in porcine longissimus dorsi muscle and regulates myosin heavy chains (MyHCs) mRNA expression in C2C12 cells

Men

Tao

et al. 2021

PeerJ

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“…The mechanisms of FEYE affecting on fat metabolism may be to stimulate the expression and Irisin secretion in the muscle and serum. FNDC5 is a membrane binding protein that can be translated and modified to secrete Irisin and can be expressed in myocardial, skeletal, and smooth muscle cells [ 42 , 43 ]. Related studies have shown that FNDC5 was activated by upstream factor PGC1α in skeletal muscle and secreted Irisin to serum, leading to the browning of WAT [ 44 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitellogenin 2 promotes muscle development and stimulates the browning of white fat

Sun

Bai

et al. 2021

Aging

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Eggs are rich in nutrients and contain a lot of protein. Although eggs have proved to accelerate the growth of C2C12 cells, the regulatory and mechanism of fertilized egg yolk extract (FEYE) on skeletal muscle development and fat metabolism remains unclearly. The mice were treated with FEYE by gavage for 24 d, we found that FEYE can inhibit the expression of skeletal muscle atrophy genes such as MSTN and Murf-1, and up-regulate the expression levels of MYOD, MYOG and Irisin. In addition, the treatment of FEYE induced UCP1 and PGC1α high expression in WAT, thereby causing WAT browning reaction. In order to confirm the composition of FEYE, we performed protein full spectrum identification (LC MS/MS) analysis and found the most enriched component is vitellogenin 2 (VTG2). Therefore, we added the recombinant protein VTG2 to C2C12 cells and found that VTG2 promoted the proliferation and differentiation of C2C12 cells. After that, we further proved that VTG2 inhibited the expression of MSTN and improved the expression of MYOD and Irisin. Finally, the dual luciferase test proved that VTG2 directly inhibited the transcriptional activity of MSTN. Our results conclude that FEYE inhibits the expression of MSTN in muscle tissues by delivering VTG2, thereby promoting skeletal muscle development, and can also promote the expression level of FNDC5 in serum. Then, FNDC5 acts on the fat through the serum, stimulating the browning reaction of white adipocytes. Therefore, VTG2 can be used to stop muscle consumption, improve skeletal muscle aging, and prevent obesity.

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Effects of myostatin deficiency on PGC-1α and FNDC5 expression in three different murine muscle types

Cited by 2 publications

References 22 publications

FNDC5 expression closely correlates with muscle fiber types in porcine longissimus dorsi muscle and regulates myosin heavy chains (MyHCs) mRNA expression in C2C12 cells

FNDC5 expression closely correlates with muscle fiber types in porcine longissimus dorsi muscle and regulates myosin heavy chains (MyHCs) mRNA expression in C2C12 cells

Vitellogenin 2 promotes muscle development and stimulates the browning of white fat

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