Effects of nanoparticles transport mechanisms on Al2O3–water nanofluid natural convection in a square enclosure

Numerical analysis of conjugate natural and mixed convection heat transfer of nanofluids in a square cavity using the two-phase method

“…[8], Mahmoodi [24] and Sheikhzadeh et al [41] in order 336 to validate the proposed numerical scheme for the effects of con-337 ductive wall (see Fig. 3), internal heating (see Fig 4) For instance, at u = 0 the increase in the value of K r from K r ¼ 1 and 410 K r ¼ 5 at Ra = 10 4 , 10 5 , 10 6 and 10 7 improves the Nu tot by 11%, 17%, 411 30% and 52% respectively, while this trend is continued by 0.06%, 412 4%, 6% and 11% between K r ¼ 5 and K r ¼ 25.…”

“…It is found that the heat transfer rate is significantly enhanced by incre- 40 menting Rayleigh number and thermal conductivity ratio. It is also observed that at all Rayleigh numbers, 41 the total Nusselt number rises and then reduces with increasing the nanoparticle volume fractions so that 42 there is an optimal volume fraction of the nanoparticles where the heat transfer rate within the enclosure 43 has a maximum value. Finally, the results reveal that by increasing the thermal conductivity of the 44 nanoparticles and Rayleigh number, distribution of solid particles becomes uniform.…”

“…In order to proceed to the numerical solution of the system, the fol-270 lowing non dimensional variables are defined based on the pure 271 fluid properties: also defined based on properties of the pure fluid: as follows [40,41]:…”

Entropy Generation and Natural Convection of CuO-Water Nanofluid in C-Shaped Cavity under Magnetic Field

“…Nanofluids can be used to improve thermal management systems in many engineering applications such as transportation, micromechanics instrument and cooling devices. Due to the encouraged enhanced properties associated with nanofluids properties, huge works have been published since about two decades ago (Aminossadati and Ghasemi [16], Ghasemi and Aminossadati [17], Abu-Nada and Chamkha [18], Nemati et al [19], Mahmoudi et al [20], Matin and Pop [21], Sheikhzadeh et al [22], and Sheikholeslami et al [23,24]). …”

Double-diffusive natural convective in a porous square enclosure filled with nanofluid

“…They explained the unusual increase or decrease of heat transfer cannot be explained solely based on relative changes in thermophysical properties of the nanofluid, and other factors such as nanoparticle transport mechanisms which change the homogeneity of the volume fraction of nanoparticles in the domain are also important. In our previous numerical works [15,16] we utilized Buongiorno's nanofluid model that includes the effects of Brownian motion and thermophoresis to the case square enclosure (without porous matrix). We showed homogeneous model is not competent to predict the heat transfer features of nanofluids and our predictions were in better agreement with experimental results.…”