Effects of NH3 and alkaline metals on the formation of particulate sulfate and nitrate in wintertime Beijing

Huang, Ru‐Jin; Duan, Jing; Li, Yongjie; Chen, Qi; Chen, Yang; Tang, Mingjin; Yang, Lü; Ni, Haiyan; Lin, Chunshui; Xu, Wei; Liu, Ying; Chen, Chunying; Yan, Zhen; Ovadnevaitė, Jurgita; Čeburnis, Darius; Dusek, U.; Cao, Junji; Hoffmann, Thorsten; O’Dowd, Colin

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137190

Cited by 30 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…This same finding was observed in a field study conducted in Tianjin during the years 2014–2015 . Alkaline-earth metals including Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ could serve as sinks of acidic species (e.g., SO 4 2– ) . Source contribution to α H+ observed in winter exhibited a different pattern than when compared to autumn.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 79%

“…22 Alkalineearth metals including Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ could serve as sinks of acidic species (e.g., SO 4 2− ). 58 Source contribution to α H+ observed in winter exhibited a different pattern than when compared to autumn. The greatest averaged source contribution of α H+ was observed to be IS (45%), followed by BB (18%), SS (16%), MS (13%), and DS (8%) in winter 2019.…”

Section: Mobile Source (Ms)mentioning

confidence: 89%

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Sources of Aerosol Acidity at a Suburban Site of Nanjing and Their Associations with Chlorophyll Depletion

Gong

Tao

Liu

et al. 2021

ACS Earth Space Chem.

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There is a need to understand the impacts of ambient aerosol acidity on the photosynthetic process in terrestrial plants and its connection to carbon storage. To help address this need, we conducted a study to investigate the acidity of ambient aerosol on the stability of chlorophyll, the main indicator of photosynthetic processes in leaves. Ambient fine particulate matter (<2.5 μm in aerodynamic diameter or PM2.5) sampled at a suburban site of Nanjing during cold seasons of 2019 and 2020 was collected. Ambient levels of gaseous pollutants including NO2, SO2, and CO; daily maximum 8 h average O3 concentration (O3-8h); and daily meteorological parameters were also recorded. Water-soluble ions of F–, Cl–, NO3 –, SO4 2–, NH4 +, Na+, K+, Mg2+, and Ca2+ in collected PM2.5 samples were determined using an ion chromatograph. The Extended Aerosol Inorganics Model version IV (E-AIM IV) was used to estimate the total acidity and in situ pH of collected PM2.5 samples, while Positive Matrix Factorization 5.0 (PMF) was used to apportion emission sources. Depletion of chlorophyll a and b was determined using water extracts of collected PM2.5 samples. Estimated in situ pH levels of collected PM2.5 samples were in the range of pH 2–4. Associations were found between the concentration of SO4 2– and the total acidity of ambient PM2.5 particles. Source apportionment results showed that five PM sources including dust source (DS), secondary source (SS), industrial source (IS), mobile source (MS), and biomass burning (BB) contributed to aerosol acidity of ambient PM2.5 particles. Aerosol acidity, rather than PM2.5 mass, resulting from water-soluble ions in gaseous pollutants was the dominant factor influencing the stability of chlorophyll a. Alternatively, chlorophyll b was found to be stable with the exposure to water extracts of ambient PM2.5 particles within 60 h. This study provides the first field evidence that aerosol acidity could result in the depletion of chlorophyll a.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Mobile Source (Ms)mentioning

confidence: 89%

Sources of Aerosol Acidity at a Suburban Site of Nanjing and Their Associations with Chlorophyll Depletion

Gong

Tao

Liu

et al. 2021

ACS Earth Space Chem.

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“…Observational studies have concluded that nitrate production is favored under a high pH. 35 Many SOA formation pathways are acid-catalyzed, and thus, it is believed that acidic particles can promote SOA formation thereon. 15,53,61 Dust aerosols are rich in alkaline metals, which would typically lead to a high pH, theoretically prohibiting reactions that require acidic environments.…”

Section: Occurring After N I G H T T I M E F O G S T H E V O L U M E...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…11 More recent results suggest that alkaline metal ions in dust can promote sulfate formation by increasing aerosol pH. 13,35,36 Size-resolved aerosol chemical compositions were typically measured using aerosol mass spectrometers that only covered submicron aerosol particles, 3 which cannot adequately reflect the formation of SA components on dust particles that are mostly coarse particles in the size range of 0.8−30 μm. 37,38 Thus, the role of dust in severe haze development remains poorly understood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dust-Dominated Coarse Particles as a Medium for Rapid Secondary Organic and Inorganic Aerosol Formation in Highly Polluted Air

Kuang

Liang

et al. 2020

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Secondary aerosol (SA) frequently drives severe haze formation on the North China Plain. However, previous studies mostly focused on submicron SA formation, thus our understanding of SA formation on supermicron particles remains poor. In this study, PM2.5 chemical composition and PM10 number size distribution measurements revealed that the SA formation occurred in very distinct size ranges. In particular, SA formation on dust-dominated supermicron particles was surprisingly high and increased with relative humidity (RH). SA formed on supermicron aerosols reached comparable levels with that on submicron particles during evolutionary stages of haze episodes. These results suggested that dust particles served as a medium for rapid secondary organic and inorganic aerosol formation under favorable photochemical and RH conditions in a highly polluted environment. Further analysis indicated that SA formation pathways differed among distinct size ranges. Overall, our study highlights the importance of dust in SA formation during non-dust storm periods and the urgent need to perform size-resolved aerosol chemical and physical property measurements in future SA formation investigations that are extended to the coarse mode because the large amount of SA formed thereon might have significant impacts on ice nucleation, radiative forcing, and human health.

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“…Ammonia is an important constituent of trace particles in the atmosphere, and forms aerosols during reactions with pollutants such as sulfuric and nitric acid [1]. It is a colorless alkaline chemical compound and has a pungent smell [2]. Ammonia is highly soluble in water with solubility of 31% w/w [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal and Spatial Variations of Atmospheric Ammonia in the Urban and Suburban Environments of Seoul, Korea

et al. 2021

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Atmospheric ammonia is a significant pollutant throughout the year, necessitating standardized measurement and identification of emission factors. We performed a quantized evaluation of ammonia concentrations at various locations in and around Seoul, South Korea. The established testing methods of the Radiello Passive Sampler were used for ammonia sampling, and the method was validated using annular denuder sampling. Urban and suburban areas were studied to gain a deeper understanding of the factors responsible for ammonia pollution. This study aimed to establish the fluctuations in concentration over one year, by analyzing the seasonal and regional variation in ammonia concentration. Livestock and agricultural areas recorded the highest concentration of ammonia among all sites, with the highest concentration recorded in autumn. However, at most of the other studied sites, the highest and lowest ammonia concentrations were recorded during summer and winter, respectively. This study attempted to establish a correlation between ammonia concentration and temperature, as well as ammonia concentration and altitude.

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Effects of NH3 and alkaline metals on the formation of particulate sulfate and nitrate in wintertime Beijing

Cited by 30 publications

References 84 publications

Sources of Aerosol Acidity at a Suburban Site of Nanjing and Their Associations with Chlorophyll Depletion

Sources of Aerosol Acidity at a Suburban Site of Nanjing and Their Associations with Chlorophyll Depletion

Dust-Dominated Coarse Particles as a Medium for Rapid Secondary Organic and Inorganic Aerosol Formation in Highly Polluted Air

Seasonal and Spatial Variations of Atmospheric Ammonia in the Urban and Suburban Environments of Seoul, Korea

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