Effects of Nicotine on the Strength of Attachment of Gingival Fibroblasts to Glass and Non‐Diseased Human Root Surfaces

Tanur, Eduardo; McQuade, Michael J.; McPherson, James C.; Al‐Hashimi, Ibtisam; Rivera‐Hidalgo, Francisco

doi:10.1902/jop.2000.71.5.717

Cited by 52 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Nicotine inhibits gingival and periodontal ligament fibroblast attachment and growth. 11,12,28 According to Chang et al, 28 nicotine toxicity toward periodontal ligament fibroblasts is related to thiol depletion, mainly glutathione. Glutathione plays important roles in the regulation and regeneration of immune cells and systemic detoxification.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6 Data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey study, which included 12,329 American adults 18 years and older, concluded that cigarette smoking accounts for more than half of all periodontal diseases among adults in the United States. 8 It is well documented that tobacco smoking impairs various aspects of the innate and immune host responses, including neutrophil function, 9 antibody production, 10 fibroblast activity, 11,12 and inflammatory mediator production. 13,14 Furthermore, tobacco smokers have less favorable responses to nonsurgical and surgical periodontal treatments.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Anthocyanin-Rich Black Currant Extract and Cyanidin-3-O-Glucoside Have Cytoprotective and Anti-Inflammatory Properties

Desjardins

Tanabe²,

Bergeron³

et al. 2012

Journal of Medicinal Food

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Anthocyanin-Rich Black Currant Extract and Cyanidin-3-O-Glucoside Have Cytoprotective and Anti-Inflammatory Properties

Desjardins

Tanabe²,

Bergeron³

et al. 2012

Journal of Medicinal Food

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“…99 It is, furthermore, likely that smoking inhibits regenerative functions of the periodontal tissues, lowering their potential for renewal. [100][101][102] Such an effect might help explain the inferior healing and treatment outcome associated with smoking. Not only nicotine but also other agents in tobacco smoke, such as carbon monoxide, acrolein, and aldehyde, may interfere with healing events.…”

Section: Potential Mechanisms Of Smoking Actionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tobacco smoking and chronic destructive periodontal disease

2004

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Tobacco smoking is the main risk factor associated with chronic destructive periodontal disease. No other known factor can match the strength of smoking in causing harm to the periodontium. The harmful effects manifest themselves by interfering with vascular and immunologic reactions, as well as by undermining the supportive functions of the periodontal tissues. The typical characteristic of smoking-associated periodontal disease is the destruction of the supporting tissues of the teeth, with the ensuing clinical symptoms of bone loss, attachment loss, pocket formation, and eventually tooth loss. A review of the international literature that has accumulated over the past 20 years offers convincing evidence that smokers exhibit greater bone loss and attachment loss, as well as more pronounced frequencies of periodontal pockets, than non-smokers do. In addition, tooth loss is more extensive in smokers. Smoking, thus, considerably increases the risk for destructive periodontal disease. Depending on the definition of disease and the exposure to smoking, the risk is 5- to 20-fold elevated for a smoker compared to a never-smoker. For a smoker exposed to heavy long-life smoking, the risk of attracting destructive periodontal disease is equivalent to that of attracting lung cancer. The outcome of periodontal treatment is less favorable or even unfavorable in smokers. Although long-term studies are rare, available studies unanimously agree that treatment failures and relapse of disease are predominantly seen in smokers. This contention is valid irrespective of treatment modality, suggesting that smoking will interfere with an expected normal outcome following commonplace periodontal therapies. The majority of available studies agree that the subgingival microflora of smokers and non-smokers are no different given other conditions. As a consequence, the elevated morbidity in smokers does not depend on particular microflora. The mechanisms behind the destructive effects of smoking on the periodontal tissues, however, are not well understood. It has been speculated that interference with vascular and inflammatory phenomena may be one potential mechanism. Nicotine and carbon monoxide in tobacco smoke negatively influence wound healing. Smoking research over the past two decades has brought new knowledge into the domains of periodontology. Even more so, it has called into question the prevailing paradigm that the disease is primarily related to intraoral factors such as supra- and subgingival infection. Smoking research has revealed that environmental and lifestyle factors are involved in the onset and progression of the disease. Being the result of smoking, destructive periodontal disease shares a common feature with some 40 other diseases or disorders. As a consequence, periodontal disease should be regarded as a systemic disease in the same way as heart disease or lung disease. Thus, chronic destructive periodontal disease in smokers is initiated and driven by smoking. Its progression may or may not be amplified by unavoida...

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“…12 Exposure to tobacco smoke causes decreased lymphocyte viability; reduced antibody production; cell degranulation; decreased protein, RNA and DNA synthesis in macrophages, decreased macrophage culture viability and increased viability and DNA synthesis in fibroblasts. …”

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confidence: 99%

Smoking and Periodontal Disease

Grover¹,

Bhardwaj²,

Singh³

2013

J Pharm Sci Innov

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Periodontitis is the result of complex interrelationships between infectious agents and host factors. Environmental, acquired, and genetic risk factors modify the expression of disease and may, therefore, affect the onset or progression of periodontitis. Numerous studies of the potential mechanisms whereby smoking tobacco may predispose to periodontal disease have been conducted, and it appears that smoking may affect the vasculature, the humoral immune system, and the cellular immune and inflammatory systems, and have effects throughout the cytokine and adhesion molecule network. The aim of present review is to consider the association between smoking and periodontal diseases.

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Effects of Nicotine on the Strength of Attachment of Gingival Fibroblasts to Glass and Non‐Diseased Human Root Surfaces

Cited by 52 publications

References 21 publications

Anthocyanin-Rich Black Currant Extract and Cyanidin-3-O-Glucoside Have Cytoprotective and Anti-Inflammatory Properties

Anthocyanin-Rich Black Currant Extract and Cyanidin-3-O-Glucoside Have Cytoprotective and Anti-Inflammatory Properties

Tobacco smoking and chronic destructive periodontal disease

Smoking and Periodontal Disease

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