Effects of Nitrate Injection on Microbial Enhanced Oil Recovery and Oilfield Reservoir Souring

Silva, Márcio Luís Busi da; Soares, Hugo Moreira; Fúrigo, Agenor; Schmidell, Willibaldo; Corseuil, Henry Xavier

doi:10.1007/s12010-014-1161-2

Cited by 20 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Using a packed-bed bioreactor, the same study found that souring control in a reactor that received 12.5 mM lactate required the addition of 10 mM nitrate, irrespective of the sulfate concentration. Thus, if the (usable) oxidative capacity of organics, such as lactate or VFAs, is larger than the reductive capacity of nitrate added to the injection water ( da Silva et al, 2014 ), most of the organics will remain in the water phase by the time the denitrification process is completed, creating ideal conditions for sulfate reduction. This is not inconsistent with observations from the LC and HC systems.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolomic and Metagenomic Analysis of Two Crude Oil Production Pipelines Experiencing Differential Rates of Corrosion

et al. 2017

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Corrosion processes in two North Sea oil production pipelines were studied by analyzing pig envelope samples via metagenomic and metabolomic techniques. Both production systems have similar physico-chemical properties and injection waters are treated with nitrate, but one pipeline experiences severe corrosion and the other does not. Early and late pigging material was collected to gain insight into the potential causes for differential corrosion rates. Metabolites were extracted and analyzed via ultra-high performance liquid chromatography/high-resolution mass spectrometry with electrospray ionization (ESI) in both positive and negative ion modes. Metabolites were analyzed by comparison with standards indicative of aerobic and anaerobic hydrocarbon metabolism and by comparison to predicted masses for KEGG metabolites. Microbial community structure was analyzed via 16S rRNA gene qPCR, sequencing of 16S PCR products, and MySeq Illumina shotgun sequencing of community DNA. Metagenomic data were used to reconstruct the full length 16S rRNA genes and genomes of dominant microorganisms. Sequence data were also interrogated via KEGG annotation and for the presence of genes related to terminal electron accepting (TEA) processes as well as aerobic and anaerobic hydrocarbon degradation. Significant and distinct differences were observed when comparing the ‘high corrosion’ (HC) and the ‘low corrosion’ (LC) pipeline systems, especially with respect to the TEA utilization potential. The HC samples were dominated by sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) and archaea known for their ability to utilize simple carbon substrates, whereas LC samples were dominated by pseudomonads with the genetic potential for denitrification and aerobic hydrocarbon degradation. The frequency of aerobic hydrocarbon degradation genes was low in the HC system, and anaerobic hydrocarbon degradation genes were not detected in either pipeline. This is in contrast with metabolite analysis, which demonstrated the presence of several succinic acids in HC samples that are diagnostic of anaerobic hydrocarbon metabolism. Identifiable aerobic metabolites were confined to the LC samples, consistent with the metagenomic data. Overall, these data suggest that corrosion management might benefit from a more refined understanding of microbial community resilience in the face of disturbances such as nitrate treatment or pigging, which frequently prove insufficient to alter community structure toward a stable, less-corrosive assemblage.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolomic and Metagenomic Analysis of Two Crude Oil Production Pipelines Experiencing Differential Rates of Corrosion

et al. 2017

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“…A biocide, acrolein, was also applied in weekly batches to treat the injection lines and prevent nitrate-fed biofilm After one month of treatment, H2S in the produced gas from one gathering system decreased from an average of 170 ppmv to 110 ppmv. A corresponding decrease in H2S in the produced water was observed [14] Column experiments to investigate the effects of nitrate injection on SRB inhibition and MEOR Resulted in significant sulfide control (40-100% reduction) within few days [84] Nitrite Using up-flow packed bioreactors both nitrate and nitrite are effective sulfide removers Nitrite is a stronger SRB inhibitor. Nitrate gives less SRB inhibition, because it is only partially converted to nitrite [82] Testing various inhibitors among them nitrite in full field numerical simulations 1 mM of nitrite can reduce souring by 92%, while perchlorate (1 mM) or nitrate (1 mM) reduce sulfide accumulation by 57% and 80% respectively [97] Molybdate Batch/dynamic experiments and field test as a part of a MEOR project; a Na2MoO4 concentration of 0.5 mM was found as optimum Molybdate inhibited the activity of SRB efficiently, while still enabling MEOR due to its specific inhibition mechanism.…”

Section: Chemical/application Mode Conclusion Ref Nitratementioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the Biogenic Souring in Oil Reservoirs under Secondary and Tertiary Oil Recovery

Alkan,

Kögler,

Namazova

et al. 2024

Energies

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The formation of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in petroleum reservoirs by anaerobic microbial activity (through sulfate-reducing microorganisms, SRMs) is called biogenic souring of reservoirs and poses a risk in the petroleum industry as the compound is extremely toxic, flammable, and corrosive, causing devastating damage to reservoirs and associated surface facilities. In this paper, we present a workflow and the tools to assess biogenic souring from a pragmatic engineering perspective. The retention of H2S in the reservoir due to the reactions with iron-bearing rock minerals (e.g., siderite) is shown in a theoretical approach here and supported with literature data. Cases are provided for two fields under secondary (waterflooding) and tertiary flooding with microbial enhanced oil recovery (MEOR). The use of the Monte Carlo method as a numerical modeling tool to incorporate uncertainties in the measured physical/chemical/biochemical data is demonstrated as well. A list of studies conducted with different chemicals alone or in combination with various biocides to mitigate biogenic souring provides an overview of potential inhibitors as well as possible applications. Furthermore, the results of static and dynamic inhibition tests using molybdate are presented in more detail due to its promising mitigation ability. Finally, a three-step workflow for the risk assessment of biogenic souring and its possible mitigation is presented and discussed.

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“…Nitrate-enhanced MIEOR has shown promising outcomes in stimulating the growth of biosurfactant-producing bacteria in reservoir conditions (Da Silva et al, 2014;Gassara et al, 2017). The microbial communities generated in the reservoir tend to vary through the various MIEOR stages.…”

Section: Microbe Classificationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial improved and enhanced oil recovery (MIEOR): Review of a set of technologies diversifying their applications

Wood¹

2018

Adv. Geo-Energy Res.

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Microbial improved and enhanced oil recovery (MIEOR) deploys microbes into wellbores and subsurface oil reservoirs and/or stimulates in-situ microbes to generate biochemicals that induce positive changes to reservoir and/or fluid conditions. MIEOR has a history of laboratory testing and field trials stretching back many decades, but few large-scale commercial projects. This review describes mechanism and components involved and the challenges in scaling-up laboratory performance to field-wide commercial applications. Microbes tend to exist in consortia with the ability to generate a wide range of biochemicals and biomass capable of performing various useful MIEOR actions and some actions that are detrimental (e.g., reservoir souring, facilities corrosion, formation damage). The complexity of the microbial consortia makes it difficult to unravel the net consequences of growing a microbial community in a specific reservoir. This requires extensive experimental studies coupled with long-term field trials and the outcomes of several recent examples are provided. These complexities and requirements have historically slowed down the commercialization of MIEOR. Significant advances in recent years have provided improved modelling and simulation tools capable of representing more realistically the evolution of MIEOR actions at the micro and macro scales. The advantages and disadvantages of MIEOR are identified and explored. Future expectations for the development and exploitation of MIEOR technologies are discussed considering the recent advances it has achieved.

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Effects of Nitrate Injection on Microbial Enhanced Oil Recovery and Oilfield Reservoir Souring

Cited by 20 publications

References 54 publications

Metabolomic and Metagenomic Analysis of Two Crude Oil Production Pipelines Experiencing Differential Rates of Corrosion

Metabolomic and Metagenomic Analysis of Two Crude Oil Production Pipelines Experiencing Differential Rates of Corrosion

Assessment of the Biogenic Souring in Oil Reservoirs under Secondary and Tertiary Oil Recovery

Microbial improved and enhanced oil recovery (MIEOR): Review of a set of technologies diversifying their applications

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