Effects of Nitrogen Fertilization and Stalk Position on Chlorophyll, Carotenoids, and Certain Lipids of Three Tobacco Genotypes

Grünwald, C.; Sims, J. L.; Sheen, S. J.

doi:10.4141/cjps77-076

Cited by 17 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The previously reported (12,15) higher sterol level of physiologically older leaves was observed in our study (Table II). Shading, however, did not significantly influence the sterol content (Table III).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Shading Influence on the Sterol Balance of Nicotiana tabacum L.

Grünwald¹

1978

Plant Physiol.

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Tobacco plants (N'cotiana tabacum L.) were grown in the field and the apex was removed at the 42-day stage. Shading screens were set up which produced 0, 26, 67, and 90% shade. Plants were grown an additional 25 days before leaves from top, middle, and bottom stalk positions were harvested. Each leaf group was analyzed for free sterol, steryl ester, steryl glycoside, and acylsteryl glycoside. The free sterol content was lowest in top leaves and highest in bottom leaves; however, the top leaves had more steryl ester than the bottom leaves. Leaf position had no effect on steryl glycosides and acylsteryl glycosides. Shading did not influence the level of any sterol dass; but in general,

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Shading Influence on the Sterol Balance of Nicotiana tabacum L.

Grünwald¹

1978

Plant Physiol.

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“…Correlations were observed for the carotenoids and chlorophylls at each of the 50% NH 4 ‐N:50% NO 3 ‐N, 25% NH 4 ‐N:75% NO 3 ‐N and 0% NH 4 ‐N:100% NO 3 ‐N treatments, with the exception of β‐carotene and Chl b at 0% NH 4 ‐N:100% NO 3 ‐N. Similarities in behaviour of carotenoids and chlorophylls have been reported for various crop species 36, 37. Chlorophyll pigments were found to correlate highly with total carotenoid levels in the leaves of Swiss chard ( Beta vulgaris L.) 38.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 73%

“…Chlorophyll pigments were found to correlate highly with total carotenoid levels in the leaves of Swiss chard ( Beta vulgaris L.) 38. Positive correlations have been reported between total chlorophyll and carotenoid contents in tobacco ( Nitcotiana tabacum L.) leaves 36. Statistical differences in carotenoid and chlorophyll contents in response to KNO 3 , NH 4 Cl and NH 4 NO 3 N forms in solution culture in 16‐ and 24‐day‐old corn ( Zea mays L. var.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Carotenoid pigments in kale are influenced by nitrogen concentration and form

2007

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The objective of these experiments was to investigate the effects of N rate and form on the accumulation of lutein, β-carotene and chlorophyll pigments in the leaf tissues of kale. Winterbor, Toscano and Redbor kale cultivars were greenhouse grown using nutrient solution culture. In the first study, N treatments were 6, 13, 26, 52 and 105 mg L −1 at a constant 1 NH 4 -N:3 NO 3 -N ratio. On a fresh weight basis, plant pigment concentrations (lutein, β-carotene and chlorophylls) were not affected by N rate. When calculated on a dry weight basis, however, carotenoid pigments increased linearly in response to increasing N rate. In a second study, N rate was held constant at 105 mg L −1 and N form was changed as follows: 100% NH 4 -N:0% NO 3 -N, 75% NH 4 -N:25% NO 3 -N, 50% NH 4 -N:50% NO 3 -N, 25% NH 4 -N:75% NO 3 -N and 0% NH 4 -N:100% NO 3 -N. Increasing NO 3 -N in nutrient solutions from 0 to 100% resulted in increases in both lutein and β-carotene concentrations. Increases in carotenoid concentrations would be expected to increase the nutritional value of kale. Therefore N management should be considered in crop production programmes designed to increase the concentrations of nutritionally valuable carotenoids.

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“…High correlations between carotenoid and chlorophyll accumulations have been reported for kale (Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala; Kopsell et al, 2004), swiss chard (Beta vulgaris L.; Ihl et al, 1994), and other crop species (Grunwald et al, 1977;Terry and Abadia, 1986).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Variation of Beta-carotene and Lutein Contents in Lettuce

Mou¹

2005

jashs

121

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There is increasing medical evidence for the health benefits derived from dietary intake of carotenoid antioxidants, such as β-carotene and lutein. Enhancing the nutritional levels of vegetables would improve the nutrient intake without requiring an increase in consumption. A breeding program to improve the nutritional quality of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) must start with an assessment of the existing genetic variation. To assess the genetic variability in carotenoid contents, 52 genotypes including crisphead, leaf, romaine, butterhead, primitive, Latin, and stem lettuces, and wild species were planted in the field in Salinas, Calif., in the Summer and Fall of 2003 with four replications. Duplicate samples from each plot were analyzed for chlorophyll (a and b), β-carotene, and lutein concentrations by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Wild accessions (L. serriola L., L. saligna L., L. virosa L., and primitive form) had higher β-carotene and lutein concentrations than cultivated lettuces, mainly due to the lower moisture content of wild lettuces. Among major types of cultivated lettuce, carotenoid concentration followed the order of: green leaf or romaine > red leaf > butterhead > crisphead. There was significant genetic variation in carotenoid concentration within each of these lettuce types. Crisphead lettuce accumulated more lutein than β-carotene, while other lettuce types had more β-carotene than lutein. Carotenoid concentration was higher in summer than in the fall, but was not affected by the position of the plant on the raised bed. Beta-carotene and lutein concentrations were highly correlated, suggesting that their levels could be enhanced simultaneously. Beta-carotene and lutein concentrations were both highly correlated with chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and total chlorophyll concentrations, suggesting that carotenoid content could be selected indirectly through chlorophyll or color measurement. These results suggest that genetic improvement of carotenoid levels in lettuce is feasible.

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Effects of Nitrogen Fertilization and Stalk Position on Chlorophyll, Carotenoids, and Certain Lipids of Three Tobacco Genotypes

Abstract: GnuNwnLo, C., Srnas, J. L. lxo Snrer.r, S. J. 197

Cited by 17 publications

References 13 publications

Shading Influence on the Sterol Balance of Nicotiana tabacum L.

Shading Influence on the Sterol Balance of Nicotiana tabacum L.

Carotenoid pigments in kale are influenced by nitrogen concentration and form

Genetic Variation of Beta-carotene and Lutein Contents in Lettuce

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