Effects of Nitrogen Fertilization Levels in Nutrient Solution Applied before/after Flower Budding on Blasting in Winter-flowering of Eustoma grandiflorum (Raf.) Shinn.

Ushio, Ayuko; Fukuta, Naoko

doi:10.2503/hrj.9.191

Cited by 7 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…A possible explanation for the slight effect of branch removal in this study is that not only absolute amounts of assimilates in flower buds but also those in the whole plants which have not been exploited in vegetative organs may act as a signal that controls flower development. This is consistent with the previous result that the shortage of acquired assimilates in the whole plant is not necessarily for blasting (Ushio and Fukuta, 2010). Sugars play pivotal roles regulating the expression of genes controlling cell division, cell proliferation, and death (Gibson, 2005;Leon and Sheen, 2003).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…1A, B) (Ushio and Fukuta, 2010). We compared sequential changes of flower development under blastinducing conditions versus under control conditions.…”

Section: Developmental Course Of Flower Differentiation Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Flower-bud blasting is a type of abortion in flowers and commonly refers to the arrest of perfect flower development. The mechanism of flower-bud blasting remains uncertain, although low light intensity and the application of high concentrations of nitrogen promote blasting in Eustoma (Ushio and Fukuta, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anatomical Characterization of Flower-bud Blasting and Suppression Following Hormone Application in Eustoma grandiflorum (Raf.) Shinn.

Kawakatsu

Ushio

Fukuta

2012

J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci.

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Flower-bud blasting is a constraint for producing Eustoma grandiflorum so a preventative strategy is needed. Flower-bud blasting occurs under low light intensity and high fertilizer input. To gain insight into the mechanisms of flower-bud blasting, we conducted a detailed characterization of flower development under normal and blastinducing conditions. We found that floral buds under low light intensity ceased to grow at the stamen and gynoecium differentiation stages, although sepals and petals were initiated normally. Aborted flowers rarely had normal ovules. Moreover, an expanded apical meristem was observed. These results show that the differentiation and development of reproductive organs are critically suppressed by blast-inducing conditions; however, combined application of 300 ppm benzylaminopurine and 200 ppm gibberellic acid-3 to floral buds resulted in about five-fold greater frequency of flower opening compared to controls. Blasting inhibition also resulted from excising the inflorescent branch, suggesting the decrease in assimilates in flower buds would be attributed to flower-bud blasting. Moreover, hormone application combined with excision had an additive effect for preventing flower-bud blasting, suggesting that these treatments independently inhibit flower-bud blasting. These results suggest that flower-bud blasting in Eustoma is a break in floral development around the stamen and gynoecium initiation stages and is integrally induced by the factors related to hormone biosynthesis and the decrease in assimilates.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…1A, B) (Ushio and Fukuta, 2010). We compared sequential changes of flower development under blastinducing conditions versus under control conditions.…”

Section: Developmental Course Of Flower Differentiation Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anatomical Characterization of Flower-bud Blasting and Suppression Following Hormone Application in Eustoma grandiflorum (Raf.) Shinn.

Kawakatsu

Ushio

Fukuta

2012

J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci.

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“…CO 2 enrichment reduces the levels of flower abortion in rose (Mortensen, 1987) and alstroemeria (Van Labeke and Dambre, 1998). Although in the present study, flower bud abortion was not observed in the presence or absence CO 2 enrichment, a previous study reported that flower bud abortion occurred under winter conditions in the Eustoma 'Piccorosa Snow' (Ushio and Fukuta, 2010). This difference might be due to differences in the tolerance of Eustoma cultivars to flower bud abortion.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 52%

“…In contrast, short day length, low temperature, and low light integral, which occur during winter, are unsuitable for the production of flowers of this species, leading to delayed flowering. Moreover, low sunlight winter conditions in combination with high nitrogen concentrations promote the abortion of flower buds in Eustoma (Ushio and Fukuta, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Promotive Effect of CO2 Enrichment on Plant Growth and Flowering of Eustoma grandiflorum (Raf.) Shinn. under a Winter Culture Regime

Ushio

Hara²,

Fukuta

2014

J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci.

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Cut Eustoma grandiflorum (Raf.) Shinn. flowers are produced year-round in Japan; however, winter conditions are not favorable for flower production due to low sunlight levels. Here, we investigated the effect of CO 2 enrichment after the flower budding stage on the growth and flowering of Eustoma 'Bolero White', which were grown under forcing culture for winter shipping. CO 2 enrichment increased the fresh weight of plants, in addition to increasing the dry weights of leaves, stems, flower buds and open flowers, and roots. CO 2 enrichment also increased the relative growth rate (RGR) by 32%, due to the net assimilation rate (NAR) being stimulated. However, CO 2 enrichment had no effect on plant height or the leaf area ratio (LAR).

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Effects of Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium, Calcium, or Magnesium Deficiency on Growth and Photosynthesis of Eustoma

Chen

Lee

Yeh

2018

horts

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Growth and photosynthetic parameters were measured in Eustoma grandiflorum (Raf.) Shinn. ‘Umihonoka’ grown hydroponically under nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), or magnesium (Mg) deficiency in 1/2 strength of modified Johnson’s solution. Plant height, node number, and leaf area were all reduced under N, P, K, and Ca deficiencies but not under Mg deficiency as compared with plants grown in the complete nutrient solution. Shoot and root dry weight were reduced in the N-, P-, K-, and Ca-deficient treatments, whereas root but not shoot dry weight was lowered by Mg-deficient treatment. Shoot-to-root dry weight ratio decreased under N and P deficiencies, increased under K and Mg deficiency, but was not altered under Ca deficiency. Decreased net photosynthetic rate (Pn) of N-, P-, and K-deficient leaves was all related to lower stomatal conductance (gS), whereas N-deficient leaves also accompanied by a higher intercellular carbon dioxide concentration (Ci). The Mg-deficient treatment did not alter chlorophyll fluorescence Fv/Fm, maximal fluorescence (Fm), or minimal fluorescence (Fo). Decreased Fv/Fm of N-, P-, K-, and Ca-deficient leaves was all related to lower Fm, whereas N- and P-deficient leaves also accompanied by lower Fo. A key was developed for the identification of N, P, K, Ca, and Mg deficiency symptoms.

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Effects of Nitrogen Fertilization Levels in Nutrient Solution Applied before/after Flower Budding on Blasting in Winter-flowering of Eustoma grandiflorum (Raf.) Shinn.

Cited by 7 publications

References 17 publications

Anatomical Characterization of Flower-bud Blasting and Suppression Following Hormone Application in Eustoma grandiflorum (Raf.) Shinn.

Anatomical Characterization of Flower-bud Blasting and Suppression Following Hormone Application in Eustoma grandiflorum (Raf.) Shinn.

Promotive Effect of CO2 Enrichment on Plant Growth and Flowering of Eustoma grandiflorum (Raf.) Shinn. under a Winter Culture Regime

Effects of Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium, Calcium, or Magnesium Deficiency on Growth and Photosynthesis of Eustoma

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