Effects of Noncontingent Social Interaction on Immediate and Subsequent Engagement in Vocal and Motor Stereotypy in Children With Autism

Enloe, Kimberley A.; Rapp, John T.

doi:10.1177/0145445513514081

Cited by 18 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 29 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…These patterns were replicated across the withdrawal design, and they are important for several reasons. These results add to a growing body of literature that NCA specifically (Athens et al, 2008;Enloe & Rapp, 2014) or dense schedules of stimulation (Fisher, Iwata, & Mazaleski, 1997) may be an effective treatment for vocal stereotypy. These results also show that the trial-based FA was not only essential for identifying the function of vocal scripting but also essential for identifying social attention as a key treatment component.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Trial-Based Functional Analysis Informs Treatment for Vocal Scripting

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Research on trial-based functional analysis has primarily focused on socially maintained challenging behaviors. However, procedural modifications may be necessary to clarify ambiguous assessment results. The purposes of this study were to evaluate the utility of iterative modifications to trial-based functional analysis on the identification of putative reinforcement and subsequent treatment for vocal scripting. For all participants, modifications to the trial-based functional analysis identified a primary function of automatic reinforcement. The structure of the trial-based format led to identification of social attention as an abolishing operation for vocal scripting. A noncontingent attention treatment was evaluated using withdrawal designs for each participant. This noncontingent attention treatment resulted in near zero levels of vocal scripting for all participants. Implications for research and practice are presented.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Trial-Based Functional Analysis Informs Treatment for Vocal Scripting

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…During test sequences, a therapist implements the intervention during only the second component; the first and third components are conducted in the same manner as the components in the NI control sequence. This methodology provides a succinct process by which to evaluate immediate and subsequent effects of treatment on stereotypy (Enloe & Rapp, 2014). One such treatment that has been evaluated using this process is NCR with matched stimulation (Lanovaz, Sladeczek, & Rapp, 2012).…”

Section: Experiments 3: Immediate and Subsequent Effects Of Hp-hs And mentioning

confidence: 99%

Further Analysis of the Predictive Effects of a Free-Operant Competing Stimulus Assessment on Stereotypy

et al. 2017

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We conducted five experiments to evaluate the predictive validity of a free-operant competing stimulus assessment (FOCSA). In Experiment 1, we showed that each participant's repetitive behavior persisted without social consequences. In Experiment 2, we used the FOCSA to identify high-preference, low-stereotypy (HP-LS) items for 11 participants and high-preference, high-stereotypy (HP-HS) items for nine participants. To validate the results of the FOCSAs (Experiment 3), we used a three-component multiple schedule to evaluate the immediate and subsequent effects of an HP-LS stimulus, an HP-HS stimulus, or both (in separate test sequences) on each participant's stereotypy. Results of Experiment 3 showed that the FOCSA correctly predicted the immediate effect of the HP-LS stimulus for 10 of 11 participants; however, the FOCSA predictions were less accurate for the HP-HS stimulus. Results of Experiment 4 showed that a differential reinforcement of other behavior procedure in which participants earned access to the HP-LS for omitting vocal stereotypy increased all five participants' latency to engaging in stereotypy; however, clinically significant omission durations were only achieved for one participant. Experiment 5 showed that differential reinforcement of alternative behavior in which participants earned access to the HP-LS stimulus contingent upon correct responses during discrete-trial training reduced targeted and nontargeted stereotypy and increased correct academic responding for all four participants. The potential utility of the FOCSA is discussed.

show abstract

“…Fourth, definitions of VS often include repetitiveness as a central characteristic, and there is wide variation in terms of how many repetitions qualify an utterance as VS (e.g., Cassella, Sidener, Sidener, & Progar, 2011;O'Connor, Prieto, Hoffman, DeQuinzio, & Taylor, 2011;Rapp, Patel, Ghezzi, O'Flaherty, & Titterington, 2009). Fifth, it is a concern that operational definitions of VS differ appreciably from study to study and even across multiple reports involving the same researcher (e.g., Enloe & Rapp, 2014;Rapp et al, 2009Rapp et al, , 2012. Last, a consideration somewhat outside the scope of the current topic but still worth mentioning, is that definitions of VS appear to be based on the assumption that all unconventional vocalizations are voluntary rather than associated with comorbid neurologic tic disorders or medication side effects.…”

Section: Differentiating Echolalia From Vocal Stereotypymentioning

confidence: 99%