Effects of Norepinephrine and Cardiotrophin-1 on Phospholipase D Activity and Incorporation of Myristic Acid Into Phosphatidylcholine in Rat Heart

Weismüller, Tobias J.; Klein, Jochen; Löffelholz, K.

doi:10.1254/jphs.fpe04001x

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…7), possibly as part of a phospholipid membrane remodeling (23). The present study provided evidence, however, that the mRNA and protein expressions of PLD1 and PLD2 in the LV were markedly upregulated 30 days after banding.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 61%

“…PE was selected as agonist because α 1 -adrenoceptors play an important role in physiological and pathological cardiac hypertrophy (40,41). We did not use NE because β-adrenoceptor activation may affect PC labeling with 3 H-myristic acid (23). Chronic exposure to NE induced hypertrophic growth and gene transcription via α 1A -adrenoceptor stimulation which could be a mechanism for sustained growth (42).…”

Section: Adrenoceptorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Upregulation of Phospholipase D Expression and Activation in Ventricular Pressure-Overload Hypertrophy

Peivandi¹,

Huhn²,

Lehr³

et al. 2005

J Pharmacol Sci

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Abstract. Evidence for a role of phospholipase D (PLD) in cellular proliferation and differentiation is accumulating. We studied PLD activity and expression in normal and hypertrophic rat and human hearts. In rat heart, abdominal aortic banding (constriction to 50% of original lumen) caused hypertrophy in the left ventricle (as shown by weight index and ANP expression) by about 15% after 30 days without histological evidence of fibrosis or signs of decompensation and in the right ventricle after 100 days. The hypertrophy was accompanied by small increases of basal PLD activity and strong potentiation of stimulated PLD activity caused by 4β-phorbol-12β,13α-dibutyrate (PDB) and by phenylephrine. The mRNA expressions of both PLD1 and PLD2 determined by semiquantitative competitive RT-PCR were markedly enhanced after aortic banding. In the caveolar fraction of the rat heart, PLD2 protein determined by Western blot analysis was upregulated in parallel with the expression of caveolin-3. A similar induction of PLD mRNA and protein expression was observed in hypertrophied human hearts of individuals (39 -45-year-old) who had died from non-cardiac causes. In conclusion, PLD1 and PLD2 expressions were strongly enhanced both in rat and human heart hypertrophy, which may be responsible for the coincident potentiation of the PLD activation by α-adrenoceptor and protein kinase C stimulation. These results are compatible with a significant role of PLD activation in cell signaling of ventricular pressure-overload hypertrophy.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 61%

Section: Adrenoceptorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Upregulation of Phospholipase D Expression and Activation in Ventricular Pressure-Overload Hypertrophy

Peivandi¹,

Huhn²,

Lehr³

et al. 2005

J Pharmacol Sci

Self Cite

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“…Recently, a natural phosphatidylcholine ligand for PPAR-α, 16:0/18:1-GPC, has been identified (Chakravarthy et al, 2009). As catecholamines are needed for the synthesis of some phosphatidylcholines (Weismuller et al, 2004), it is intriguing to consider that epinephrine deficiency might cause hepatic steatosis by inhibiting the formation of 16:0/18:1-GPC and thus interfere with PPAR-α function. However, after 48 h of fasting, all these regulators responded normally (and were enhanced in the case of PPAR-α and FGF-21 mRNA levels after 48 h of fasting) in epinephrine-deficient mice, indicating that their regulation is independent of epinephrine.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epinephrine deficiency results in intact glucose counter-regulation, severe hepatic steatosis and possible defective autophagy in fasting mice

Sharara‐Chami

Zhou

Ebert

et al. 2012

The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology

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Epinephrine is one of the major hormones involved in glucose counter-regulation and gluconeogenesis. However, little is known about its importance in energy homeostasis during fasting. Our objective is to study the specific role of epinephrine in glucose and lipid metabolism during starvation. In our experiment, we subject regular mice and epinephrine-deficient mice to a 48-h fast then we evaluate the different metabolic responses to fasting. Our results show that epinephrine is not required for glucose counter-regulation: epinephrine-deficient mice maintain their blood glucose at normal fasting levels via glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis, with normal fasting-induced changes in the peroxisomal activators: peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ coactivator α (PGC-1α), fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF-21), peroxisome proliferator activated receptor α (PPAR-α), and sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP-1c). However, fasted epinephrine-deficient mice develop severe ketosis and hepatic steatosis, with evidence for inhibition of hepatic autophagy, a process that normally provides essential energy via degradation of hepatic triglycerides during starvation. We conclude that, during fasting, epinephrine is not required for glucose homeostasis, lipolysis or ketogenesis. Epinephrine may have an essential role in lipid handling, possibly via an autophagy-dependent mechanism.

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Sustainability of the four generations of biofuels – A review

et al. 2020

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Biofuel has emerged as an alternative source of energy to reduce the emissions of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and combat global warming. Biofuels are classified into first, second, third and fourth generations. Each of the biofuel generations aims to meet the global energy demand while minimizing environmental impacts. Sustainability is defined as meeting the needs of the current generations without jeopardizing the needs of future generations. The aim of sustainability is to ensure continuous growth of the economy while protecting the environment and societal needs. Thus, this paper aims to evaluate the sustainability of these four generations of biofuels. The objectives are to compare the production of biofuel, the net greenhouse gases emissions, and energy efficiency. This study is important in providing information for the policymakers and researchers in the decision-making for the future development of green energy. Each of the biofuel generations shows different benefits and drawbacks. From this study, we conclude that the first generation biofuel has the highest biofuel production and energy efficiency, but is less effective in meeting the goal of reducing the greenhouse gases emission. The third generation biofuel shows the lowest net greenhouse gases emissions, allowing the reduction of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. However, the energy required for the processing of the third generation biofuel is higher and, this makes it less environmentally friendly as fossil fuels are used to generate electricity. The third and fourth generation feedstocks are the potential sustainable source for the future production of biofuel. However, more studies need to be done to find an alternative low cost for biofuel production while increasing energy efficiency.

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Effects of Norepinephrine and Cardiotrophin-1 on Phospholipase D Activity and Incorporation of Myristic Acid Into Phosphatidylcholine in Rat Heart

Cited by 4 publications

References 33 publications

Upregulation of Phospholipase D Expression and Activation in Ventricular Pressure-Overload Hypertrophy

Upregulation of Phospholipase D Expression and Activation in Ventricular Pressure-Overload Hypertrophy

Epinephrine deficiency results in intact glucose counter-regulation, severe hepatic steatosis and possible defective autophagy in fasting mice

Sustainability of the four generations of biofuels – A review

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