Effects of Novelty Stress on Vasopressin and Oxytocin Secretion by the Pituitary in the Rat

Onaka, Tatsushi; Yagi, Kinji

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2826.1993.tb00496.x

Cited by 32 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Plasma ACTH concentrations during the test run, in contrast to plasma catecholamines and vasopressin, were significantly higher in the novelty experiments. Plasma ACTH reached a peak value 5–10 min after the start of novelty stimuli (12, 44). Plasma samples during the test run were obtained 4–7 min after the beginning of the novelty stimuli.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In conclusion, the present study demonstrates that novelty stress induces vasopressin release from the posterior pituitary as well as activation of sympatho‐adrenomedullary and hypothalamic‐pituitary‐adrenocortical systems, and suggests that novelty stress improves running performance in horses. By contrast, emotional stress has been shown to suppress vasopressin release in rats (12, 13, 15). This apparent discrepancy may be due to species difference.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, incremental exercise raises the plasma vasopressin concentration as exercise load increases (11), while novelty stress or isolation stress have no significant effect (7, 8). However, in rats, exposure to novelty stimuli decreases vasopressin release from the pituitary (12, 13). Oxytocin release from the pituitary is facilitated by a variety of stressful stimuli such as noxious stimuli (14), fear stimuli (15) or intensive exercise (16) in rats and human.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Effects of Novelty Stress on Neuroendocrine Activities and Running Performance in Thoroughbred Horses

Hada

Onaka

Takahashi

et al. 2003

J Neuroendocrinology

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This study investigated the effects of novelty stress on neuroendocrine activities and running performance in Thoroughbred horses. First, to examine the neuroendocrine responses to novelty stress, we exposed horses to two types of novel environmental stimuli (audiovisual or novel field stimuli). After the stimuli, plasma concentrations of vasopressin, catecholamines and adrenocorticotropin (ACTH), as well as heart rates, were significantly increased in each experiment. Second, we investigated neuroendocrine activities during incremental exercise. Plasma concentrations of vasopressin, catecholamines, ACTH and blood lactate increased as the exercise load increased. Finally, we investigated the effects of novelty stimuli on neuroendocrine activities and running performance during supra-maximal exercise (110% VHRmax). When the novelty stimuli were presented to horses, the increases in plasma vasopressin and catecholamines due to exercise load were significantly smaller than those in the control experiments. Blood lactate during supra-maximal exercise was also significantly lower and total run time until exhaustion was prolonged in the novel environmental stimuli compared to the control. These results suggest that novelty stimuli facilitate vasopressin release from the posterior pituitary in addition to activating the sympatho-adrenomedullary and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axes in thoroughbred horses, and increase exercise capacity, resulting in improvement of running performance during supra-maximal exercise.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Novelty Stress on Neuroendocrine Activities and Running Performance in Thoroughbred Horses

Hada

Onaka

Takahashi

et al. 2003

J Neuroendocrinology

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“…Anxiogenic and stressful stimuli significantly activate the body's OXT system, as reflected by increased electrophysiological activity of OXT neurons, increased OXT gene expression within the SON and PVN, and stimulated peripheral and intracerebral OXT release (30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35) [for review, see (14,27,36)]. For example, exposure of male rats to novelty, forced swimming, or social defeat rapidly increases OXT release into blood but also within the PVN and/or SON and in other limbic brain regions, such as the central amygdala or septum (27,36).…”

Section: Responsiveness Of the Oxt System To Anxiety And Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxytocin in General Anxiety and Social Fear: A Translational Approach

Neumann

Slattery

2016

Biological Psychiatry

390

293

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The neuropeptide oxytocin (OXT) has been revealed as a profound anxiolytic and antistress factor of the brain, besides its many prosocial and reproductive effects. Therefore, there is substantial scientific and medical interest in its potential therapeutic use for the treatment of psychopathologies associated with anxiety, fear, and social dysfunctions, such as generalized anxiety disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, and social anxiety disorder, as well as autism and schizophrenia, among others. Focusing on preclinical studies, we review the existing evidence for the regulatory capacity of OXT to fine-tune general and social anxiety-related behaviors, as well as cued and social fear conditioning from a translational perspective. The available evidence from animal and human studies substantiates the hypothesis of an imbalance of the endogenous brain OXT system in the etiology of anxiety disorders, particularly those with a social component such as social anxiety disorder. In addition, such an imbalance of the OXT system is also likely to be the consequence of chronic OXT treatment resulting in a dose-dependent reduction in OXT receptor availability and increased anxiety.

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“…Novel environmental stimuli facilitate oxytocin release slightly and inhibit vasopressin release in rats (Onaka & Yagi, 1993; al. In the rat, exposure to a novel environment produccs neuroendocrine responses that are similar to those observed after fear stimuli.…”

Section: Oxytocin and Vasopressin Release After Novel Environmental Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Catecholaminergic mechanisms underlying neurohypophysial hormone responses to unconditioned or conditioned aversive stimuli in rats

Onaka

2000

Experimental Physiology

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Oxytocin release from the neurohypophysis is facilitated by systemic cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK) administration and noxious stimuli. Oxytocin release after CCK administration is mediated by A2 noradrenergic neurones while the release after noxious stimuli appears to be mediated by A1 noradrenergic neurones. On the other hand, facilitation of vasopressin release after noxious stimuli is not dependent upon noradrenergic neurones but on dopamine receptors. Environmental stimuli previously paired with noxious stimuli (conditioned fear stimuli) or novel environmental stimuli facilitate oxytocin release and suppress vasopressin release. These neuroendocrine responses to conditioned fear stimuli, but not to novel stimuli, are impaired by central noradrenaline depletion or I.C.V. adrenoceptor antagonists. These data suggest that there are at least two types of stress responses in neuroendocrine systems, one noradrenaline dependent, and one noradrenaline independent. It is also suggested that noradrenergic neurones are functionally heterogeneous in the control of oxytocin release. Experimental Physiology (2000) 85S, 101s-1 10s.Oxytocin and vasopressin are synthesized and released by magnocellular neurosecretory neurones in the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei. Oxytocin and vasopressin neurones in these nuclei receive a direct noradrenergic innervation, which arises mainly from A1 neurones in the ventrolateral medulla, and from A2 neurones in the dorsomedial medulla (Sawchenko & Swanson, 1982). Stimulation of the A1/A2 regions activates both oxytocin and vasopressin neurones. Intracerebroventricular or local injection of noradrenaline or a, adrenoreceptor agonists activates vasopressin and oxytocin neurones and facilitates vasopressin and oxytocin release, while

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Effects of Novelty Stress on Vasopressin and Oxytocin Secretion by the Pituitary in the Rat

Cited by 32 publications

References 17 publications

Effects of Novelty Stress on Neuroendocrine Activities and Running Performance in Thoroughbred Horses

Effects of Novelty Stress on Neuroendocrine Activities and Running Performance in Thoroughbred Horses

Oxytocin in General Anxiety and Social Fear: A Translational Approach

Catecholaminergic mechanisms underlying neurohypophysial hormone responses to unconditioned or conditioned aversive stimuli in rats

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