Effects of Nutrient Levels on Microbial Diversity in Sediments of a Eutrophic Shallow Lake

Abstract

Microorganisms can both indicate the water quality characteristics and the health of the aquatic environment, which have an important influence on the cycling of organic carbon, nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) in nature. In this study, we took Taihu Lake, a typical eutrophic lake in China, as the research object, and monitored the northern (Changzhou City) and southern (Changxing County) regions of Taihu Lake for three consecutive years (2019–2021), respectively. We also analyzed the microbial diversity in sediments, and then summarized the effects of different nutrient environments on microorganisms in the aquatic environment. The results showed that the pollution level in the northern part of Taihu Lake was higher than that in the southern region of Taihu Lake, where the pollution was mainly in summer (June–July). The pollution in the southern region of Taihu Lake is relatively stable between 2019 and 2021; the changes in the northern part of Taihu Lake are relatively significant. Microbial diversity in the study area was negatively correlated with the degree of eutrophication of water bodies; microbial abundance was positively correlated with nutrient levels. The functional difference analysis indicated that the microorganisms in the sediments of Taihu Lake in the study area were involved in the nutrient transport and transformation, and played an important role in the purification of the lake water body. This study reveals the relationship between water eutrophication and microbial diversity, and then provides a theoretical basis for the management of eutrophic lakes.

Anthropogenic Nitrate Contamination Impacts Nitrous Oxide Emissions and Microbial Communities in the Marchica Lagoon (Morocco)

“…The bacterial diversity significantly decreased in sites with greater NO 3 − content, which was the main abiotic factor determining variations in the composition of the bacterial community in the lagoon. These results agree with those in previous studies showing that NO 3 − run-off to coastal lakes contributes to changes in the diversity of bacterial communities in sediments [21,22,25]. Among sources of anthropogenic contamination with NO 3 − , sites receiving mainly wastewater from industrial (S4) and urban (S3) activities had the lowest number of ASVs and values of the Shannon index.…”

“…Previous studies have found that NO 3 − run-off to lakes contributes to eutrophication, increases in the abundance of N-cycling genes and N 2 O emissions, and changes in the diversity of bacterial communities [21][22][23][24][25]. Although several authors have studied the sedimentology, biology, and geochemistry of the Marchica lagoon [26][27][28], data on the effects produced by anthropogenic NO 3 − contamination on the activity, abundance, diversity, and composition of microbial communities in the sediments of the lagoon with possible consequences on N 2 O emissions are not available.…”

“…In addition, the quantification of enzymatic activities related to nitrogen (N), carbon (C), phosphorus (P), and sulfur (S) biogeochemical cycles is often used as an indicator of changes produced in the cycles, including those that stem from anthropogenic disturbances, as they are sensitive to variations in substrate quality and abiotic factors [29]. Previous studies have found that NO3 − run-off to lakes contributes to eutrophication, increases in the abundance of N-cycling genes and N2O emissions, and changes in the diversity of bacterial communities [21][22][23][24][25]. Although several authors have studied the sedimentology, biology, and geochemistry of the Marchica lagoon [26][27][28], data on the effects produced by anthropogenic NO3 − contamination on the activity, abundance, diversity, and composition of microbial communities in the sediments of the lagoon with possible consequences on N2O emissions are not available.…”

Experimental assessment of lipid yield and phycoremediation potential of five indigenous microalgae under various nutrient regimes (N:P) in BBM

“…4. Indigenous microalgae with e cient photosynthetic systems are well known for their rapid growth rate and lipid yield compared to traditional plants [43]. Such microalgae with consistent growth and strong adaptability are to be carefully screened for their protein and lipids content in their commercial applications [44], especially for phycoremediation cum biomass production.…”

Design and Application of an Early Warning and Emergency Response System in the Transboundary Area of the Taihu Lake Basin

“…The inter-provincial transboundary area of the Taihu Lake Basin refers to the boundary area between Jiangsu and Zhejiang, Jiangsu and Shanghai, Zhejiang and Shanghai, and Zhejiang and Anhui [10,11]. It covers an area of 8280 km 2 and has a population of 10.69 million, accounting for 1/5 of the entire basin [12,13]. The transboundary area has high economic development and is densely populated [14][15][16][17][18][19].…”