Effects of nutrition on digestion efficiency and gaseous emissions from slurry in growing pigs: II. Effect of protein source in practical diets

Abstract

An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of increasing the level of two sources of fibrous by-products, orange pulp (OP) and carob meal (CM), in iso-NDF growingfinishing pig diets on nutrient balance, slurry composition and potential ammonia (NH 3) and methane (CH 4) emissions. Thirty pigs (85.4 ±12.3 kg) were fed fiveiso-nutritive diets: a commercial control wheat/barley (C) and four experimental diets including two sources of fibrous by-products (OP and CM) and two dietary levels (75 and 150 g/kg) in a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement. After a 14-day adaptation period, faeces and urine were collected separately for 7 days to measure nutrient digestibility and the excretory patterns of N from pigs (6 replicates per diet) housed individually in metabolic pens. For each animal, the derived NH 3 and CH 4 emissions were measured in samples of slurry over an 11-and 100-day storage periods, respectively. Source and level of the fibrous by-products affected digestion efficiency in a different way as the coefficients of total tract apparent digestibility (CTTAD) for dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), fibre fractions and gross energy increased with OP but decreased with CM (P<0.05). Crude protein CTTAD decreased with the inclusion of both sources of fibre, being lower at the highest dietary level. Faecal concentration of fibre fractions increased (P<0.05) with the level of inclusion of CM but decreased with that of OP (P<0.01). High dietary level for both sources of fibre increased (P<0.02) CP faecal content but urine N content decreased (from 205 to 168g/kg DM, P< 0.05) in all the fibre-supplemented compared to C diet. Additionally, the proportions of undigested dietary, water soluble, and bacterial and endogenous debris of faecal N excretion were not affected by treatments. The initial slurry characteristics did not differ among different fibre sources

Potential to mitigate ammonia emission from slurry by increasing dietary fermentable fiber through inclusion of tropical byproducts in practical diets for growing pigs

“…Overall, differences in fermentable fiber of the current diets did not allow to mitigate ammonia emissions compared to the control treatment, which quantitatively were in line with other findings (420 mg/pig/d) [31]. On the contrary, caution should be taken when including fibrous ingredients, as interaction with CP digestibility even might enhance ammonia emissions.…”

Effects of nutrition on digestion efficiency and gaseous emissions from slurry in growing pigs: III. Influence of varying the dietary level of calcium soap of palm fatty acids distillate with or without orange pulp supplementation

“…It is widely recognized that pig slurry characteristics are heterogeneous depending on a number of factors including nutrition. Changes in slurry composition have been associated to gaseous emissions in previous research with modifications of dietary factors, as source and level of fibre (Canh et al, 1998b;Jarret et al, 2012), type of fibre (Triolo et al, 2011;Beccaccia et al, 2015a), level of protein (Canh et al, 1998a;Portejoie et al, 2004;Hernández et al, 2011) and source of protein (Beccaccia et al, 2015b).…”

Guía para la minimización de las emisiones de gases en las granjas porcinas

“…Emisiones relativas de NH 3 en función de la ratio de excreción de nitrógeno entre orina y heces. Fuente: elaborado a partir de Antezana et al (2015), Beccaccia et al (2015) y Beccaccia et al (2015b).…”

“…Aunque el IPCC da un valor por defecto de 0,45 m 3 de CH 4 por kilogramo de materia orgánica, este valor varía sustancialmente según la composición de las deyecciones, que, a su vez, dependen en gran medida de la dieta. Estudios realizados en España en cerdos de cebo indican que este valor oscila entre 0,26 y 0,40 m 3 de CH 4 por kilogramo de materia orgánica (Beccaccia et al, 2015a;Beccaccia et al, 2015b;Antezana et al, 2015). Sin embargo, en condiciones comerciales, la cantidad de CH 4 que potencialmente puede emitir cada por metro cúbico de purín que se extrae de las fosas presenta mucha mayor variación debido al efecto de dilución (según el uso del agua de consumo y limpieza) y al manejo del purín, tal como se muestra en la tabla 1.…”