Effects of nutrition supplementation and physical exercise on muscle mass, muscle strength and fat mass among sarcopenic elderly: a randomized controlled trial

Li, Zhuo; Cui, Min; Yu, Kang; Zhang, Xiaowei; Li, Chunwei; Nie, Xiaodong; Wang, Fang

doi:10.1139/apnm-2020-0643

Cited by 32 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Skeletal muscle mass and skeletal muscle mass/height 2 increased more in the comprehensive and nutrition groups than in the control and exercise groups, consistent with a past study [32]. In the absence of increased physical activity in the elderly, these results may be related to the nutrition intervention, which enhances the dietary habits and physical function of patients with sarcopenia [33].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Effects of Internet-Based Nutrition and Exercise Interventions on the Prevention and Treatment of Sarcopenia in the Elderly

Wang

Gao

et al. 2022

Nutrients

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Effective nutrition and exercise interventions may improve sarcopenia in the elderly. The purpose of our study was to investigate the effectiveness of Internet-based nutrition and exercise interventions in the elderly with sarcopenia. Participants were divided into 4 groups: control, nutrition, exercise, and comprehensive (nutrition plus exercise) groups; there was at least 50 participants in each group. Our trial lasted 12 weeks. We conducted dietary and exercise interventions through an app and collected feedback from the participants every three weeks. Information on the diet, skeletal muscle mass, and muscle function was collected before and after the interventions. The comprehensive group had higher high-quality protein intake than the control (p = 0.017) and exercise (p = 0.012) groups. After the interventions, we obtained differences in skeletal muscle mass, skeletal muscle mass/height2, skeletal muscle mass/weight, muscle mass/BMI, and skeletal muscle mass/body fat percentage (p < 0.05). Changes in average daily energy and total daily protein intakes were not significantly different; however, there was an overall improvement in the intervention groups relative to baseline data. There were no changes in the average daily time of moderate physical activity. The Internet was an effective tool of nutrition intervention in the elderly with sarcopenia. The Internet-based nutrition intervention improved high-quality protein intake and skeletal muscle mass in the elderly with sarcopenia.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Effects of Internet-Based Nutrition and Exercise Interventions on the Prevention and Treatment of Sarcopenia in the Elderly

Wang

Gao

et al. 2022

Nutrients

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“…Participants were aged from 60 to 101 years, with the mean age ranging between 63.2 ± 1.4 and 89.5 ± 4.4 years. Twelve studies included both men and women [14,16,[26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35], while eight studies were conducted in women [15,[36][37][38][39][40][41][42] and one study was conducted in older men [43]. Two studies did not specify the sex information [44,45].…”

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regarding the intervention content, different exercise types were used, including resistance training [15,26,28,31,34,35,39,[41][42][43], aerobic exercise (e.g., Taichi, Qigong and Yi Jin Jing exercise) [26,28,29,[32][33][34]43,45], and combined exercise [14,[26][27][28]30,31,36,38,40,44]. The total duration of the exercise interventions ranged from 8 to 24 weeks, and most studies (n = 12) applied the 12-week duration [14,16,27,29,30,[36][37][38][39][40][41]45]. Twice a week was the most adopted exercise frequency (n = 10) [14,15,[26][27][28]31,[36][37]…”

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sample size ranged from less than 30 [15,[40][41][42] to 80. Eleven studies included over 60 participants [14,26,[28][29][30][31][36][37][38]43], and 10 studies comprise of 30-59 participants [16,27,30,[32][33][34][35]39,44,45]. In addition, only half of the included studies reported detailed methods for sample size estimation [14][15][16]27,28,30,33,36,[38][39][40][41].…”

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Efficacy of Exercise on Muscle Function and Physical Performance in Older Adults with Sarcopenia: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Wang

Huang

Zhao

2022

IJERPH

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This study aimed to analyze the efficacy of exercise interventions on muscle strength, muscle mass, and physical performance in older adults with sarcopenia. Randomized controlled studies assessing exercise effects on sarcopenia were searched in Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane Library, ProQuest, EBSCOhost, Scopus, EMBASE, and VIP and CNKI up to 31 March 2022. Data were expressed as weighted/standardized mean difference (MD/SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). I2 index was employed for heterogeneity. The initial search identified 5379 studies, and 23 studies involving 1252 participants met the inclusion criteria for further analysis. Results revealed that exercise interventions can significantly improve grip strength (MD = 2.38, 95%CI = 1.33–3.43), knee extension strength (SMD = 0.50, 95%CI = 0.36 ~ 0.64), muscle mass of lower extremities (MD = 0.28, 95%CI = 0.01–0.56), walking speed (SMD = 0.88, 95%CI = 0.49–1.27), and functional mobility (MD = −1.77, 95%CI = −2.11–−1.42) among older adults with sarcopenia. No significant exercise effects were found on fat-free muscle mass, appendicular muscle mass, skeletal muscle mass, and muscle mass of the upper extremities. The results of subgroup analysis indicated that both resistance training and multicomponent exercise could significantly increase the muscle strength, while aerobic exercise did not. The findings suggest that exercise intervention can effectively improve muscle function and physical performance in older adults with sarcopenia, but has limited effects on the muscle mass of the upper extremities. In addition, it is highly recommended to apply group-based and supervised resistance training and multicomponent exercise in the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia among the older population.

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“…However, multiple interventions, such as nutrition and resistance exercises, can delay disease progression and to some extent reverse this condition. 46 Therefore, screening and identifying low CC is essential for improving patient clinical outcomes. The AUC of CC in predicting 90-day mortality was 0.759, which was higher than BMI (P=0.033).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing the Performance of Calf Circumference, Albumin, and BMI for Predicting Mortality in Immobile Patients

Zhang

et al. 2021

RMHP

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Background Immobile patients often suffer from malnutrition and low calf circumference (CC), a potential surrogate marker of low muscle mass, which has been widely explored as a link with mortality among patients with inconsistent results. In addition, studies comparing CC, BMI, and albumin to predict mortality among immobile patients are limited. The aim of our study was to compare the performance of these three parameters for predicting mortality among immobile patients. Methods This is a secondary analysis of our previous study consisting of immobile patients, age>18 years. Data were collected between November 2015 and March 2016 by trained nurses through a case report form (CRF) that included clinical data and sociodemographic variables. In addition, anthropometric parameters, including body weight, height and calf circumference, were also measured. The outcome of our study was mortality with follow-up length being 90 days. Multivariate linear and logistic regression analysis were adopted to identify the association between CC and mortality, and a receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was also used to compare the performance of CC, BMI, and albumin. Results Of the 387 patients who were included (51.42% male), with an average age of 61.22 (SD=15.18), the prevalence of mortality was 5.43%. The results showed that, after full adjustment, calf circumference was a protective factor for reducing the risk of mortality (OR=0.79; 95%CI:0.65–0.96). Meanwhile, immobile patients with low calf circumference had an increased risk of mortality, compared to those whose condition was normal (OR=4.24; 95%CI:1.07–16.74). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that CC combined with albumin (AUC=0.812; 95% CI=0.733–0.890) had the highest AUC value compared to calf circumference (AUC=0.759; 95%CI:0.662–0.856), BMI (AUC=0.653; 95%CI:0.538–0.767) and albumin (AUC=0.735; 95% CI:0.638–0.832), respectively, in predicting mortality in immobile patients. Conclusion The relationship between calf circumference and mortality was significantly negative and low calf circumference was associated with a high risk of 90-day mortality, compared to those with normal calf circumference. The combined calf circumference with albumin had good discrimination in predicting mortality among immobile patients. Therefore, it can routinely be used in a clinical setting by medical staff to predict mortality in immobile patients, as it is easy to obtain.

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Effects of nutrition supplementation and physical exercise on muscle mass, muscle strength and fat mass among sarcopenic elderly: a randomized controlled trial

Cited by 32 publications

References 26 publications

Effects of Internet-Based Nutrition and Exercise Interventions on the Prevention and Treatment of Sarcopenia in the Elderly

Effects of Internet-Based Nutrition and Exercise Interventions on the Prevention and Treatment of Sarcopenia in the Elderly

Efficacy of Exercise on Muscle Function and Physical Performance in Older Adults with Sarcopenia: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Comparing the Performance of Calf Circumference, Albumin, and BMI for Predicting Mortality in Immobile Patients

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