Effects of nutritional supplements on aggression, rule‐breaking, and psychopathology among young adult prisoners

Zaalberg, Ap; Nijman, Henk; Bulten, Erik; Stroosma, Luwe; Staak, C.P.F. van der

doi:10.1002/ab.20335

Cited by 129 publications

(161 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The Dutch government responded to the British findings (89) by running a replication study in which 116 young prisoners for between 1 and 3 months received micronutrient supplements in addition to a higher dose of fatty acids than in the British study, while 105 received placebos (90) . The incidence of violence in prison decreased by 47% in those taking the supplements although it increased by 13% in those consuming the placebo.…”

Section: At 8 Yearsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamins and neural and cognitive developmental outcomes in children

Benton

2011

Proc. Nutr. Soc.

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The role of vitamin status in the development of the brain and the subsequent functioning of the brain was considered. There are data with a range of vitamins, from animal studies and human studies in developing countries, suggesting that a clinical deficiency during the critical period when the brain is developing causes permanent damage. To date there is, however, with the exception of cases of clinical deficiency such as those that might be associated with a vegan diet, little evidence that variations in the diet of those living in industrialised countries have a lasting developmental influence. Similarly, later in life clinical deficiencies of various vitamins disrupt cognition although there is to date limited evidence that variations in the intake of single vitamins in industrialised societies influence functioning. It may well be, however, unreasonable to expect that vitamins examined in isolation will be associated with differences in cognitive functioning. The output of the brain reflects millions of metabolic processes, each potentially susceptible to any of a range of vitamins. A diet poor in one respect is likely to be poor in other respects as well. As such, the preliminary reports in double-blind placebo-controlled trials that aspects of cognition and behaviour respond to supplementation with multi-micronutrients may indicate the way forward.

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Section: At 8 Yearsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamins and neural and cognitive developmental outcomes in children

Benton

2011

Proc. Nutr. Soc.

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“…Our diet can be a place to start. If changing our attitudes towards nature to foster a more sustainable future implies for many researchers (Plumwood 1993;Cronon, 1995) to start with what is in our minds, changing our diet can also be a way to alter how we think (Zaalberg et al, 2010). 5 I will finish this paper, as I started it, with a quotation from Salleh (1997) that reminds us how much we have to learn from Indigenous communities:…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban Foraging: Rethinking the Human-Nature Connection in Cities

Martin¹

2018

eTropic

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This article examines foraging in urban areas -more specifically in Australia and tropical North Queensland -as an alternative mode of consumption for city residents. I explore urban foraging (the practice of gathering Indigenous and introduced edible plants from streets, parks, railway reserves, etc.) within the context of a human/nature dualism which defines humans and nature as opposite. Urban foraging, which takes its roots in Indigenous Australian foraging traditions, is becoming more popular today as individuals seek connection with their food sources. Underlying this trend is a critique of industrial agriculture and the Western way of eating, as well as a need for a more sustainable system. The industrial system obscures the origins of the foods it produces by processing them so they appear as products of culture rather than nature. The urban foraging system, through gathering wild foods, is an attempt to reconnect with nature in the middle of the city. I argue that taking responsibility for the food we eat via urban foraging and cooking is a way to connect to nature through food. The paper calls on individuals to rethink human-nature disconnectedness by digging deeper into the problem's cultural roots to consider how urban foraging begins to undermine a binary human/nature philosophical imaginary.

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“…Improvement of symptoms following supplementation has been reported in a range of related disorders including depression (Peet and Horrobin 2002;Nemets et al 2006), risk from suicide (Sublette et al 2006), and aggression/anti-social behavior (Corrigan et al 1994;Gesch et al 2002;Zaalberg et al 2010); and poor developmental outcomes have been reported if the maternal consumption of seafood (high omega-3) is <340 g per week (Hibbeln et al 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical and Psychological Effects of Omega-3/6 Supplements in Male Adolescents with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Clinical Trial

Matsudaira¹,

Gow

Kelly

et al. 2015

Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology

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Background: An abnormality in long chain-polyunsaturated fatty acid (LC-PUFA) levels has been implicated in attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Studies evaluating LC-PUFA supplementation for therapeutic efficacy in ADHD have shown mixed and, therefore, inconclusive results. Methods: Seventy-six male adolescents (age 12-16 years, mean = 13.7) with ADHD were assessed for the effects of 12 weeks omega-3 and omega-6 supplements on biochemical and psychological outcomes in a randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical trial. The primary outcome measure was change in the Conners' Teacher Rating Scales (CTRS) following 12 weeks of supplementation of LC-PUFA or placebo. At baseline, the placebo and treatment groups had comparable levels of LC-PUFA as measured by red blood cell phosphatidylcholine. In the treatment group, supplementation enhanced eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and total omega-3 fatty acid levels. Results: No superiority of LC-PUFAs to placebo was observed on the primary outcome. Further, there were no reliable treatment effects on aggression, impulsivity, depression, and anxiety. Conclusions: Future studies should use larger sample sizes and longer supplementation period to detect small-modest effects for clinical recommendations in ADHD.

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Effects of nutritional supplements on aggression, rule‐breaking, and psychopathology among young adult prisoners

Cited by 129 publications

References 42 publications

Vitamins and neural and cognitive developmental outcomes in children

Vitamins and neural and cognitive developmental outcomes in children

Urban Foraging: Rethinking the Human-Nature Connection in Cities

Biochemical and Psychological Effects of Omega-3/6 Supplements in Male Adolescents with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Clinical Trial

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