Effects of ochratoxin and T-2 toxin combination on performance, biochemical and immune status of commercial broilers

Indresh, H.C.; Umakantha, B.

doi:10.14202/vetworld.2013.945-949

Cited by 18 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The present study revealed that the dietary contamination of T-2 toxin at 150 ppb or higher level resulted in significantly reduced ( p < 0.05) on total protein content of broiler chickens. This results was in agreement with previous reports [ 14 , 26 ] in literature wherein showed that the decreased serum protein concentration was proportional to dietary levels of T-2 toxin. Further, the results showed that the lower level of cholesterol and Hb levels, increased uric acid content, SGPT, SGOT and H/L ratio ( p < 0.05) in increases concentrations of T-2 toxin (150 and 200 ppb) compared with other dietary treatments in broilers ( Table 3 ).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 94%

Significance of varying concentrations of T-2 toxin on growth performance, serum biochemical and hematological parameters in broiler chickens

et al. 2020

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The study was to determine the effects of diverse concentrations of T-2 toxin in broiler diet. Three hundred 1-day-old chicks with initial body weight of 46 ± 0.52 g were chosen and randomly assigned into five dietary treatments with 5 replicate cages and 12 broilers per cage for 42 d feeding trial. Dietary treatments were prepared with basal diets containing 0 (T 1 ), 50 (T 2 ), 100 (T 3 ), 150 (T 4 ), 200 (T 5 ) ppb T2-toxin. Significant results were observed in the decreased intake of feed, feed conversion ratio (FCR), body weight gain (BWG), level of serum protein, cholesterol and hemoglobulin of broilers in increased concentration of the T-2 toxin in diet (150 and 200 ppb) groups than control. Also, observed that the uric acid, serum glutamic pyruvic transferase (SGPT), serum glutamic oxaloacetic transferase (SGOT) and Heterophil/Lymphocyte (H/L) ratio value were significantly higher ( p < 0.05) in groups T 4 and T 5 than control. However, the BWG, feed intake and FCR, as well blood biochemical profiles of serum protein, cholesterol, hemoglobulin, uric acid, SGPT, SGOT and H/L ratio in groups T 2 and T 3 were statistically similar to control diet of broilers. It was concluded that the results showed that no adverse effects on growth performance and blood biochemical parameters in broilers feed with T-2 toxin (50 and 100 ppb) during the entire trial.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 94%

Significance of varying concentrations of T-2 toxin on growth performance, serum biochemical and hematological parameters in broiler chickens

et al. 2020

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“…Protein production may be inhibited by OTA, thereby resulting in reduced antibody production [ 28 ]. Indeed, in this study, we also found decreased levels of serum total protein, although this decrease was detected only with 0.7 mg OTA/kg feed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Three classes of immunoglobulins (IgY, IgA, and IgM) are expressed in chicks [ 24 ]. Among these, IgY is most abundant in serum and is critical in the secondary immune response, while IgA plays an essential role in mucosal defense [ 24 ] Notably, OTA has been shown to affect the humoral response in chicks by altering the levels of specific antibody titers in response to sheep red blood cells or viruses, such as Newcastle disease virus [ 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 ]. However, total immunoglobulins (Ig) quantification is very scarce and is typically performed using immunodiffusion [ 29 ], and more sensitive assays are needed to conclusively elucidate the changes in Ig concentrations in response to OTA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, total immunoglobulins (Ig) quantification is very scarce and is typically performed using immunodiffusion [ 29 ], and more sensitive assays are needed to conclusively elucidate the changes in Ig concentrations in response to OTA. In addition, high doses of OTA are often used to assess the effects of OTA on the immune system [ 23 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 ]. Pozzo et al [ 30 ] used the maximum level of OTA suggested by the European Commission Recommendation 2006/576/EC (0.1 mg OTA/kg) for poultry feeds [ 31 ] and observed reductions in thymus weights and in total serum protein, albumin, and alpha-, beta-, and gamma-globulin levels; although other parameters (such as animal performance, hematological parameters, liver enzymes, or renal function parameters) were not affected.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Low Doses of Ochratoxin-A Decrease IgY and IgA Production in Broiler Chicks

Khan

Venâncio

Fernandes

et al. 2018

Toxins

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The mycotoxin, ochratoxin-A (OTA), produced by some fungi, and is a natural contaminant of many foods and animal feeds worldwide. Due to its toxic effects, the recommended maximum daily intake of OTA for poultry feeds is 0.1 mg OTA/kg (ECR2006/575/EC); this dose does not induce changes in hepatic/renal parameters, but decreases thymus size and serum globulin concentrations. Accordingly, in this study, we assessed quantitatively the total circulating IgY and IgA serum levels, in chicks consuming a 0.1 mg OTA/kg diet (limit) and higher doses (0.3–1.1 mg OTA/kg diet) for 14 or 21 days. We also evaluated other immunological parameters (thymus, bursa of Fabricius, and spleen weights and leukocyte profiles) at day 21. Decreased IgY serum levels were observed in all OTA-treated groups (p < 0.05). In the low-dose group, IgA levels were decreased on day 21, but not on day 14. The size of the thymus and the bursa of Fabricius was decreased in all OTA-treated groups (p < 0.05), whereas reduced spleen size and altered leukocyte profiles were detected only in the high-dose group (p < 0.05). We concluded that chronic exposure to OTA, even at the recommended highest dose, affected IgY and IgA production in chicks.

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“…Ochra-toxin A (OTA) is one of the three subgroups of OT. OTA as been classified as the second most important mycotoxin after AFB 1 due to toxicities (and associated economic losses) seen in many farm host species (Indresh & Umakantha 2013). IARC has denoted OTA as a Group 2B agent, i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective role of bentonite against aflatoxin B₁- and ochratoxin A-induced immunotoxicity in broilers

Bhatti

Khan

Saleemi

et al. 2017

Journal of Immunotoxicology

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The present study was designed to investigate any ameliorative effects of bentonite (BN) against immuno-pathological alterations induced by dietary aflatoxin B (AFB) or ochratoxin A (OTA) in broiler chicks. In one experiment, AFB (0.1, 0.2 or 0.6 mg/kg feed) was fed alone and par alley with bentonite clay (3.7 or 7.5 g/kg feed) to the broilers. In the second experiment, the broilers were given feed contaminated with OTA (0.15, 0.3 or 1.0 mg/kg feed) alone and in combination with bentonite clay (3.7, 7.5, or 15 g/kg feed). Experimental feedings were continued for 42 days. At various time points along the feeding schedule, immune system organ histologic status, as well as host humoral and cellular immune responses, were evaluated in all groups. The dietary addition of AFB and OTA alone significantly reduced immune responses in the birds as assessed by histological changes in the bursa of Fabricius and thymus, antibody responses to SRBC, in-vivo lympho-proliferative responses to Phytohemagglutinin-P (PHA-P) and, phagocytic function in situ. The dietary addition of BN significantly ameliorated the immunotoxicity of 0.1 and 0.2 mg/kg dietary AFB, however with a level of 0.6 mg AFB/kg only partial amelioration was seen. The co-treatment of birds exposed to OTA with BN at all levels only partially alleviated deleterious effects on histology and immune responses. Taken together, the results here suggested to us that dietary addition of BN could help ameliorate AFB-mediated immunotoxicities but could not afford such protection against OTA-induced immune damage.

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Effects of ochratoxin and T-2 toxin combination on performance, biochemical and immune status of commercial broilers

Cited by 18 publications

References 20 publications

Significance of varying concentrations of T-2 toxin on growth performance, serum biochemical and hematological parameters in broiler chickens

Significance of varying concentrations of T-2 toxin on growth performance, serum biochemical and hematological parameters in broiler chickens

Low Doses of Ochratoxin-A Decrease IgY and IgA Production in Broiler Chicks

Protective role of bentonite against aflatoxin B₁- and ochratoxin A-induced immunotoxicity in broilers

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Effects of ochratoxin and T-2 toxin combination on performance, biochemical and immune status of commercial broilers

Cited by 18 publications

References 20 publications

Significance of varying concentrations of T-2 toxin on growth performance, serum biochemical and hematological parameters in broiler chickens

Significance of varying concentrations of T-2 toxin on growth performance, serum biochemical and hematological parameters in broiler chickens

Low Doses of Ochratoxin-A Decrease IgY and IgA Production in Broiler Chicks

Protective role of bentonite against aflatoxin B1- and ochratoxin A-induced immunotoxicity in broilers

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Protective role of bentonite against aflatoxin B₁- and ochratoxin A-induced immunotoxicity in broilers