2006
DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-2982.2005.00987.x
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Effects of Oestrogen on Trigeminal Ganglia in Culture: Implications for Hormonal Effects on Migraine

Abstract: Although migraine is more common in women than men and often linked to the menstrual cycle, few studies have investigated the biological basis of hormonal influences on the trigeminovascular system. In the present study we investigated the effect of physiological levels (10(-9) m) oestrogen on female rat trigeminal ganglia in vitro. Immunocytochemical analysis demonstrated the presence of oestrogen receptor-alpha in a predominantly cytoplasmic location and in neurites. Microarray analysis demonstrated that oes… Show more

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Cited by 61 publications
(51 citation statements)
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“…Estrogen and thyroid hormone receptors interact [48], and thyroid hormone receptor isoforms stimulates or inhibited estrogen receptormediated transcription [49,50]. On the other hand, estrogen induces the production of synaptic proteins, such as synapsin and RC3 [51][52][53]. Hence, reduction of thyroid hormones effectiveness due to developmental exposure to PCP may accelerate the estrogen-stimulated mRNA expression of synapsin I and RC3 in female rats.…”
Section: -Wk-oldmentioning
confidence: 93%
“…Estrogen and thyroid hormone receptors interact [48], and thyroid hormone receptor isoforms stimulates or inhibited estrogen receptormediated transcription [49,50]. On the other hand, estrogen induces the production of synaptic proteins, such as synapsin and RC3 [51][52][53]. Hence, reduction of thyroid hormones effectiveness due to developmental exposure to PCP may accelerate the estrogen-stimulated mRNA expression of synapsin I and RC3 in female rats.…”
Section: -Wk-oldmentioning
confidence: 93%
“…As discussed above (section V.C), estrogen receptors are located within brain nuclei that innervate the cerebral vasculature as well as other nuclei regulating cardiovascular function (Martin and Behbehani, 2006). Thus, in addition to influencing adrenergic mechanisms, estrogen may also modulate central opioidergic tone, release of peptidergic transmitters from trigeminal nuclei, and the GABAergic system, perhaps modulating NO (Johnson et al, 2005;Bergerot et al, 2006;Brandes, 2006;Martin and Behbehani, 2006;Puri et al, 2006). Because ER␣ stimulates NO production in vascular endothelium, there might also be direct modification of migraine occurrence through this pathway.…”
Section: Migrainementioning
confidence: 99%
“…Unfortunately, interpreting the results of any of these studies is further complicated by the widespread sites of action of the sex hormones. In addition to their known actions on reproductive organs, all three of the major sex hormones (estrogen, progesterone, and testosterone) have been shown to act at sites throughout the body, including the central [11] and peripheral nervous [12,13]; immune [14]; musculoskeletal [15]; cardiovascular [16]; and metabolic [17] systems. Thus, particularly when considering clinical pain conditions, it is difficult to disentangle the effects of these hormones on the pathological process causing the pain from those affecting the pain experience per se.…”
Section: Methods Of Investigating the Influence Of Sex Hormones On Thmentioning
confidence: 99%