Effects of OH content, water vapor pressure, and temperature on sub-critical crack growth in phosphate glass

Formation and Evolution of A Confined Liquid Condensate at the Crack Tip in Glasses

“…Different effects are expected according to the nature of the cracked glass, since the ion concentrations inside the confined condensate will clearly evolve through ion transfer and lead for instance to pH and surface energy of "water" changes or time-dependent behaviors. It would thus be interesting to study phosphate glasses for instance, where anomalous crack velocity measurements have been reported 6,7 . Since the crack tip is the site of enhanced diffusion processes, as shown in sodo-silicate glasses by Marliere et al 22 , we can also wonder what will be the role of the condensate in these processes.…”

“…The physical and chemical environment in which stress corrosion takes place, as well as the mechanisms of transport of the water molecules towards the crack tip are less well-established 5 . Several experimentally observed behaviors 5,6,7 , such as effect of chemical composition, or disappearance of the transport-limited kinetics phenomenon, are still not accounted by Wiederhorn model. Under usual conditions of temperature and pressure, capillary condensation theory predicts the presence of a liquid condensate between the newly created surfaces of the crack which at the vicinity of the crack tip are only distant from a few nanometers 8 . Such a liquid condensate is classically acknowledged to account for the anomalous behavior that can be observed.…”

The National Ignition Facility: the path to a carbon-free energy future

“…The NIF laser contains approximately 7500 large optics [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. These optics are sized depending on their incident angle for the 37 × 37 cm square aperture beams.…”

Spectroscopic Investigation of Rare-Earth Doped Phosphate Glasses Containing Silver Nanoparticles

“…Amongst many other glasses the P 2 O 5 based glasses nd widespread applications in optical data transmission, detection and laser technologies [6]. They present superior properties that include high transparency, low melting point, high thermal stability, high gain density, high solubility for rare-earth ions and low dispersion [7]. Current research is primarily focused on the enhancement of UC luminescence and quantum eciency minimizing the concentration quenching and multiphonon relaxation.…”