Effects of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on steroidogenesis and cellular development in PCOS rats

Hu, Xusong; Weng, Xuechun; Tian, Ye; Wang, Chengtao; Yang, Yanzhou; Xu, Kaili; Zhang, Cheng

doi:10.1039/c8fo02319k

Cited by 16 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Letrozole, an aromatase inhibitor, induces hyperandrogenemia by reducing the conversion of T to estrogen ( 49 ). Accumulated human and animal studies have demonstrated that omega-3 PUFAs docosahexenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapntemacnioc acid (EPA) may ameliorate PCOS progression ( 50 , 51 ). Anovulation was dramatically improved by DHA supplementation ( 52 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary α-Linolenic Acid-Rich Flaxseed Oil Exerts Beneficial Effects on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Through Sex Steroid Hormones—Microbiota—Inflammation Axis in Rats

et al. 2020

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Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) represents a common endocrine-metabolic disorder disease with chronic low-grade inflammation and alteration of intestinal flora. Serving as functional food, flaxseed oil (FO), which is rich in plant-derived α-linolenic acid of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, has been proven to benefit for chronic metabolic diseases. However, the exact role of dietary FO on PCOS remains largely unclear. In the present study, 6-week-old female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups (eight rats/group), including (a) pair-fed (PF) control (CON) group (PF/CON), (b) FO-fed CON group (FO/CON), (c) PF with letrozole-induced PCOS model (MOD) group (PF/MOD), and (d) FO-fed MOD group (FO/MOD). All rats were fed a standard diet. After 3 weeks of modeling and subsequent 8 weeks of treatment, the rats in diverse groups were euthanized and associated indications were investigated. The results showed that dietary FO ameliorated the disorder of estrous cycle and ovarian morphology. In parallel, dietary FO improved the sex steroid hormone disturbance (luteinizing hormone/follicle-stimulating hormone, estrogen, testosterone, and progesterone), body weights, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance. Moreover, FO treatment improved plasma and ovary inflammatory interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-17A, tumor necrosis factor-α, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1. Additionally, FO intervention significantly modulated the composition of gut microbiota and vaginal microbiota by increasing the abundances of Allobaculum, Lactobacillus, Butyrivibrio, Desulfovibrio, Bifidobacterium, Faecalibacterium, Parabacteroides as well as decreasing the abundances of Actinobacteria, Bacteroides, Proteobacteria, and Streptococcus, the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes. A decrease in plasma lipopolysaccharide level and an increase in short-chain fatty acids, including acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid and pentanoic acid, were determined after dietary FO supplementation. Correlation analysis Wang et al. FO Ameliorates PCOS in Rats revealed close relationships among sex steroid hormones, inflammation, and gut/vaginal microbiota. Collectively, this study demonstrated that dietary FO ameliorated PCOS through the sex steroid hormones-microbiota-inflammation axis in rats, which may contribute to the understanding of pathogenesis and potentially serve as an inexpensive intervention in the control of PCOS.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary α-Linolenic Acid-Rich Flaxseed Oil Exerts Beneficial Effects on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Through Sex Steroid Hormones—Microbiota—Inflammation Axis in Rats

et al. 2020

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“…44 Moreover, omega-3 was reported to prevent the reduction of plasma testosterone level by inhibiting 5 alpha-reductase with subsequent prevention of conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone. 45 Hu et al 46 demonstrated that omega-3 potentiates the cellular development and steroid biosynthesis via CYP51 up-regulation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies have documented the antioxidant, anti-apoptotic of omega 2 fatty acids and proved that omega-3 produced a highly significant decrease in the percentage of oxidative damage and cell death. 35,42,46,50,56,76…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short term chronic toxicity of tributyltin on the testes of adult albino rats and the possible protective role of omega-3

et al. 2020

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The declining rate of male fertility is a growing concern. Tributyltin (TBT) is a well-known endocrine disruptor (ED), that induces imposex in female gastropods and is widely used in various industrial applications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the toxic effects of TBT on the testes of adult albino rats and the possible role of omega-3. Forty two adult male albino rats were divided into five groups; control group (Group I) and four experimental groups: omega-3 treated group, TBT treated group, TBT & omega-3 treated group and follow up group. At the end of the study, the rats were subjected to biochemical, histological, immunohistochemical staining for Ki-67 and seminal examinations. Our results clarfied that TBT induced a significant decrease in testosterone, FSH, LH and serum glutathione peroxidase levels and a significant increase in the serum Malondialdehyde as compared to the control group. Tributyltin induced disorganization and shrinkage of seminiferous tubules, apoptosis, cellular damage and marked reduction in the germinal epithelium. A significant decrease in the cell proliferation and arrested spermatogenesis were also detected. Seminal analysis of TBT group showed a significant affection of all parameters as compared to other groups. Omega-3 ameliorated all of these hazardous effects. Follow up group still showed toxic effects. In conclusion, TBT has a toxic effect on the testis. Increased testicular oxidative stress, cellular damage and arrest of spermatogenesis with attenuation in antioxidant defenses are all contributing factors. Omega-3 can protect against TBT induced reproductive toxicity.

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“…In management of PCOS women, especially for PCOS patients with obesity, lifestyle and nutrition interventions and weight loss are the first step in the recommendations of treatment in the guidelines [6] . Among dietary management for PCOS, omega-3 fatty acids play an important role in weight loss, improving insulin sensitivity and ovulation enhancement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[5] The only essential types of all dietary fatty acids are omega-3 and 6 polyunsaturated fatty acids; because all other fatty acids can be synthesized from the other shorter chain fatty acids in the human body. [6] Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have 16 to 22 carbon atoms and more than one double bond. The longchain omega-3 Poly unsaturated fatty acids; namely, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) have many crucial effects in human health.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Hormonal Profile and Ovarian Stromal Blood Flow in Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Maarouf

Mohamed

Tantawy

et al. 2019

Evidence Based Women's Health Journal

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Background: In Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) life style and dietary changes are recommended as the first line of management; however, the optimal nutritional management is not certain yet. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), particularly long-chain (omega-3) PUFAs, is known to improve overall human health and its widely used in managing infertility, but its role in PCOS management is still uncertain. Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess if omega-3 fatty acids supplementation for Polycystic ovary syndrome patients will have a positive effect on body weight, Hirsutism score, Menstrual cyclicity, hormonal status and Doppler flow to the Uterine and Ovarian stromal arteries. Study Design: A randomized prospective trial. Patients and Methods: A total of 67 patients with Polycystic ovary syndrome were randomized into two groups. Group I patients who received omega-3 fatty acid 1 gram daily capsules and group II patients who received no treatment for 3 months. Changes in weight, BMI, menstrual cycle length, modified Ferriman Gallway score, serum FSH, LH ,free Testosterone levels and Doppler of ovarian stromal and uterine arteries between baseline and the 3 months study period were compared between the 2 groups. Results: After 3 months supplementation with omega-3 fatty acid capsules, there was a statistically significant decrease in menstrual cycle length in the study group in comparison to the control group. Also, there was a statistically significant decrease in the pulsatility index (PI) of the uterine artery Doppler in the study group, but there was no change in the weight, BMI, ovarian stromal blood flow. Also, measures of FSH, LH and free testosterone did not show statistically significant changes for either group. Conclusion: Omega-3 fatty acids supplementation is effective in improving menstrual cyclicity and uterine artery blood flow in patients with PCOS and may be an helpful option for some patients with PCOS especially those who have defective endometrial receptivity and subsequent infertility or repeated miscarriages because of increased uterine artery resistance.

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Effects of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on steroidogenesis and cellular development in PCOS rats

Abstract: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder, which is characterized by hyperandrogenism.

Cited by 16 publications

References 48 publications

Dietary α-Linolenic Acid-Rich Flaxseed Oil Exerts Beneficial Effects on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Through Sex Steroid Hormones—Microbiota—Inflammation Axis in Rats

Dietary α-Linolenic Acid-Rich Flaxseed Oil Exerts Beneficial Effects on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Through Sex Steroid Hormones—Microbiota—Inflammation Axis in Rats

Short term chronic toxicity of tributyltin on the testes of adult albino rats and the possible protective role of omega-3

Effect of Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Hormonal Profile and Ovarian Stromal Blood Flow in Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

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