Effects of One Year's Nitrogen Fertilization on Native Vegetation under Clipping and Burning

Gay, Charles; Dwyer, Don D.

doi:10.2307/3895497

Cited by 27 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Old-field succession sometimes begins on nutrient poor soils that are low in organic matter (Odum 1960;Gay & Dwyer 1965;Golley 1965;Monk & Gabrielson 1985;Inouye et al 1987;Tilman 1987). For example, N contents of forest and prairie soils are often twice those of recently abandoned agricultural fields in east-central Minnesota (Inouye et al 1987;Pastor et al 1987).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon and nitrogen cycling during old-field succession: Constraints on plant and microbial biomass

et al. 1990

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Soil C and N dynamics were studied in a sequence of old fields of increasing age to determine how these biogeochemical cycles change during secondary succession. In addition, three different late-successional forests were studied to represent possible "steady state" conditions. Surface soil samples collected from the fields and forests were analyzed for total C, H,O-soluble C, total N, potential net N mineralization, potential net nitrification, and microbial biomass. Aboveand belowground plant biomass was estimated within each of the old field sites.Temporal changes in soil organic C, total N and total plant biomass were best described by a gamma function [y = at* ecrd + f] whereas a simple exponential model [y = a(1 -em*') + c] provided the best fit to changes in H,O-soluble C, C:N ratio, microbial C, and microbial N. Potential N mineralization and nitrification linearly increased with field age; however, rates were variable among the fields. Microbial biomass was highly correlated to soil C and N pools and well correlated to the standing crop of plant biomass. In turn, plant biomass was highly correlated to pools and rates of N cycling. Patterns of C and N cycling within the old field sites were different from those in a northern hardwood forest and a xeric oak forest; however, nutrient dynamics within an oak savanna were similar to those found in a 60-yr old field. Results suggest that patterns in C and N cycling within the old-field chronosequence were predictable and highly correlated to the accrual of plant and microbial biomass.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon and nitrogen cycling during old-field succession: Constraints on plant and microbial biomass

et al. 1990

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“…A number of previous investigations have been concerned with fertilizing species that are important on the tallgrass prairie, such as little bluestem, Schizachyrium scoparium (White 1961, Dickinson 1964, Nixon and McMillan 1964, Reardon and Huss 1965, van Amburg and Dodd 1970, Rao et al 1973, Senter 1975, Waller et al 1975. In other instances, fertilizers have been added to the prairie and responses have been measured in terms of yield (Gay and Dwyer 1965, McMurphy 1970, Owensby et al 1970, Hyde and Owensby 1973, Dodd and Lauenroth 1979, species com-positional changes (Huffine and Elder 1960, Owensby eta!. 1970, Hamer and Harper 1973, and forage quality (Dickinson 1964, Owensby et al 1970, Woolfolk et al 1973, Senter 1975, Launchbaugh and Owensby 1978:38-40, Samuel et al 1980.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecosystem Analysis of the Tallgrass Prairie: Nitrogen Cycle

Risser¹,

Parton²

1982

Ecology

123

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Nitrogen cycling in tallgrass prairie was studied by using nitrogen content and concentration data for various ecosystem components on grazed and ungrazed tallgrass prairie in northeast Oklahoma. The seasonal dynamics of N in various plant parts was described, and the annual flow of N among different compartments was calculated. A simulation model was used to study the effect of grazing, fertilization, irrigation, and fire on nitrogen cycling. The results show that grazing, fertilization, and irrigation increase the nitrogen cycling rates. Annual spring fires reduce plant uptake and mineralization of N from plant parts, while mineralization of N from organic matter is increased.

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“…Dwyer (1969) in a greenhouse study reported that clipping at either the 3 or 5 cm level aboveground each 10 days for 102 days was too severe for maximum growth of blue grama (Bouteloua gracilis). However, in an earlier study Gay and Dwyer (1965) found that nitrogen fertilized tall grass prairie in excellent range condition clipped once at ground level during the growing season produced more dry matter than that not clipped and fertilized. McGinnies (1973) found that seedlings of crested wheatgrass from spring plantings clipped to a 1.3 cm stubble reduced survival by 13% but clipping to ground level reduced survival by 61%.…”

mentioning

confidence: 85%

Responses of Crested Wheatgrass and Russian Wildrye to Water Stress and Defoliation

Mohammad¹,

Dwyer²,

Busby³

1982

Journal of Range Management

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Effects of One Year's Nitrogen Fertilization on Native Vegetation under Clipping and Burning

Cited by 27 publications

References 4 publications

Carbon and nitrogen cycling during old-field succession: Constraints on plant and microbial biomass

Carbon and nitrogen cycling during old-field succession: Constraints on plant and microbial biomass

Ecosystem Analysis of the Tallgrass Prairie: Nitrogen Cycle

Responses of Crested Wheatgrass and Russian Wildrye to Water Stress and Defoliation

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