Effects of Oral Glucose and Protein Load on Plasma Glucagon and Insulin Concentrations in Small for Gestational Age Infants

Salle, B; Ruiton-Ugliengo, A

doi:10.1203/00006450-197702000-00005

Cited by 15 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Hormones necessary for the adequate function of gluconeogenesis were not studied in the present report. The secretion of pancreatic hormones seems to be intact in SGA infants and comparable to that in AGA infants during loading with glucose, protein or alanine (10, 39). The levels of growth hormone and cortisol have also been reported to be higher than or equal to the levels of AGA babies (7, 40).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interrelation Between Fatty Acid Oxidation and Control of Gluconeogenic Substrates in Small‐for‐gestational‐age (Sga) Infants With Hypoglycemia and With Normoglycemia

et al. 1982

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Twelve SGA infants were studied from 4 hours after birth (day 1), before and for 4 hours after injection of 0.5 g of fat/kg b.w. (Intralipid, IL). Eight infants were restudied after 24 hours (day 2). A positive correlation was found between initial samples of FFA and glucose on day 1 (n = 11, r 0.71, p less than 0.02) and between FFA and beta-hydroxybutyrate (n = 12, r 0.62, p less than 0.05), suggesting that FFA mobilization and oxidation in SGA infants with low blood glucose. After IL infants with low blood glucose had a more pronounced defect of intravascular lipolysis. Four infants had initial hypoglycemia (HG), with blood glucose 0.4-1.3 mmol/l, and 8 were normoglycemic (NG). In the NG group initial levels of lactate and alanine were within normal limits, and no changes occurred after IL. An early peak of glycerol was seen. In the HG group initial lactate and alanine levels were higher than in the NG group, while glycerol did not differ. After injection of IL, glucose increased at 60 and 120 min in the HG group. A close correlation was found between mean levels of lactate and alanine and a negative correlation between lactate and glucose, while no correlation was found between glycerol and glucose levels. The infants with the lowest initial glucose and the highest lactate levels had the steepest rise in glucose and the fastest decrease in lactase per unit increase in beta-hydroxybutyrate after IL. On day 2 the initial levels of lactate and alanine were lower than on day 1 and all infants were normoglycemic. A glucose peak corresponding to the glycerol peak was seen after IL, but lactate and alanine levels did not change. These data were consistent with reduced lipolytic capacity, low fatty acid oxidation and reduced gluconeogenesis in SGA infants on day 1, especially in those with HG. The glucose and beta-hydroxybutyrate levels were rapidly increasing and lactate levels decreasing after IL, suggesting improving gluconeogenesis concomitantly with increasing fatty acid oxidation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interrelation Between Fatty Acid Oxidation and Control of Gluconeogenic Substrates in Small‐for‐gestational‐age (Sga) Infants With Hypoglycemia and With Normoglycemia

et al. 1982

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“…20 No differentiation of insulin secretion rates was seen between differing levels of protein or glucose intake in the neonates. This result is unexpected as an increase in plasma insulin concentrations in response to a glucose stimulus, [30][31][32][33][34] amino acids such as theophylline, 32,[35][36][37][38] and glucose priming 30 has been previously been observed in preterm infants. This discrepancy could be a result of differing study methodology and the more direct approach to estimating insulin secretion taken here.…”

Section: (8) (9)mentioning

confidence: 99%

A C-Peptide-Based Model of Pancreatic Insulin Secretion in Extremely Preterm Neonates in Intensive Care

Dickson

Alsweiler

Gunn

et al. 2015

J Diabetes Sci Technol

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Hyperglycemia (elevated blood glucose concentrations; BGCs) is a common complication of prematurity in very preterm (gestational age [GA] < 32 weeks) infants, 1,2 where stress and illness are compounded by immaturity of glucoseinsulin physiology. 3-5 Hyperglycemia in very preterm babies has been associated with increased risk of morbidity and mortality, 1,6,7 while hypoglycemia (low BGC) in preterm babies has also been associated with adverse neurodevelopment outcomes. 8 There is currently no best practice method or target for glycemic control in preterm babies and BGC is often controlled by varying nutritional input. 9 Insulin therapy has been well established to improve glucose tolerance and increases postnatal weight gain (eg, Ostertag et al, 10 Thabet et al, 11 Kanarek et al, 12 Pollak et al 13). However, insulin treatment in preterm babies often results in excessive, iatrogenic, or protocol 596175D STXXX10.

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Neonatal Glucose Metabolism

Cowett¹,

Farrag²

1998

Principles of Perinatal—Neonatal Metabolism

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Effects of Oral Glucose and Protein Load on Plasma Glucagon and Insulin Concentrations in Small for Gestational Age Infants

Cited by 15 publications

References 2 publications

Interrelation Between Fatty Acid Oxidation and Control of Gluconeogenic Substrates in Small‐for‐gestational‐age (Sga) Infants With Hypoglycemia and With Normoglycemia

Interrelation Between Fatty Acid Oxidation and Control of Gluconeogenic Substrates in Small‐for‐gestational‐age (Sga) Infants With Hypoglycemia and With Normoglycemia

A C-Peptide-Based Model of Pancreatic Insulin Secretion in Extremely Preterm Neonates in Intensive Care

Neonatal Glucose Metabolism

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