Effects of orthodontic treatment on body mass index, food habits and self-esteem of patients: A prospective single-arm cohort study

Vimala, G; Gnaneswar, Sangeetha Morekonda

doi:10.1016/j.jtumed.2022.02.005

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Numerous studies on humans support that body weight loss is a side effect following the placement of orthodontic appliances because patients are in pain and discomfort (31)(32)(33)(34)(35) . In animals, orthodontic treatment contributes significantly to weight loss, especially during the first month of orthodontic treatment; in this period, the animal's mouth contains a fixed orthodontic appliance that may interfere with eating and swallowing and cause them to eat less because chewing and swallowing hard food can be challenging and the ability to masticate is decreased after the insertion of the appliance (36,37) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Fixed Orthodontic Appliance with Antihypertensive Drugs on the Body Weight of Experimental Rats

Mahdi,

Saloom,

Kashmola

2023

J Bagh Coll Dent

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Background: This study aims to investigate the effect of fixed orthodontic appliances and/or antihypertensive drugs on the weight of experimental rats. Materials and Methods: Thir-ty-six male Wistar albino rats were subjected to a split-mouth design study, in which an orthodontic appliance was inserted in one side to move the first molar mesially for 2 weeks while the other side acted as a control to tooth movement. The rats were allocated into three groups: group A (n = 12), without any pharmacological treatment; group B (n = 12), subcu-taneous injection of bisoprolol fumarate (5 mg/kg) daily; and group C (n = 12), subcutaneous injection of valsartan (10 mg/kg) daily. A fixed orthodontic appliance with a closing coil spring delivering 50 gm of force was used to move the first molar mesially while the incisors served as an anchor unit. The weight of the rats was measured on days 1 (the day of appli-ance insertion), 7, and 14. Results: No significant (P > 0.05) difference in the body weight of rats was found among the three groups at each time point; however, significant (P < 0.05) weight loss was noted after the first and second week of the experiment in all study groups. Conclusion: The body weight loss of rats following the insertion of a fixed orthodontic ap-pliance could be related to the effects of the appliance rather than the administered antihy-pertensive drugs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Fixed Orthodontic Appliance with Antihypertensive Drugs on the Body Weight of Experimental Rats

Mahdi,

Saloom,

Kashmola

2023

J Bagh Coll Dent

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“…Patients may avoid hard foods and restrict food intake because of the conditioned and nociceptive reflexes elicited by arch wire activation. 6 Also, the interference with arch wires may result in reduced intake of food and a loss of pleasure in eating. In general, the change in dietary patterns in turn affects the body metabolism, body weight and therapy having a direct effect on the BMI of the individual and results in an increase or decrease in weight.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This was in comparison to study done by Gnanasambandam V et al in his study concluded that BMI decreased in the first 3 months and gradually recovered by the end of the first year of treatment. 6 The difference in weight and BMI between each follow up was compared. The mean pretreatment weight was 55.17 9.4 and weight at 1 st follow up was decreased to 54.89.3.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of weight alteration in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment in KIST dental hospital

Shrestha

2023

jmscr

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Introduction: Fixed orthodontic treatment is the most favored treatment of choice of young individuals nowadays who are motivated by a desire to improve appearance.1 Fixed orthodontic treatment usually takes around 1½ to 3 years for its completion and during this duration many dietary restrictions and modifications are advised.2 The changes in dietary patterns might result in an increase or decrease in weight. This present study is conducted to assess the amount of weight loss in patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment. Methods: The height and weight of the study population was measured using stadiometer and digital weighing scale respectively. BMI of each individual was calculated. These measurements were taken three times in the duration of the study; first measurement collected pretreatment, second measurement in 1st follow up after starting of fixed orthodontic treatment and the third measurement will be collected in 2nd follow up i.e. after 2 months. The results were tabulated and analyzed with the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software (SPSS). The mean changes between different parameters in three visits were compared. Results: When we compared the pretreatment weight and weight at 1st follow up statistically significant difference was observed. Similarly, the difference in pretreatment weight and weight at 3rd follow up was found statistically significant. The difference in pretreatment BMI and BMI at 2nd follow up was statistically not significant. Similarly the difference in pretreatment BMI and BMI at 3rd follow up was also statistically not significant. Conclusion: This study confirms the reduction in weight seen in patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment in the first month after initiation of treatment. If the nutritional demand and the intake can be monitored during the treatment, proper health can also be maintained for a long run along with the proper treatment outcome.

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“…Numerous documents indicate that orthodontic patients often feel anxious and stressed after experiencing orthodontic discomfort. 36 Research has shown that promptly providing follow-up care can effectively reduce orthodontic pain. This supports the idea that offering reassurance to orthodontic patients could be a practical strategy for managing orthodontic pain.…”

Section: Behavioral Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent progress in alleviating orthodontic discomfort: Mechanism and management-the state of evidence

Javed,

Hussain,

Roy

et al. 2024

IJOHD

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Orthodontic treatment has demonstrated efficacy in enhancing dental health and rectifying tooth misalignments. Nevertheless, patients experience substantial discomfort and distress. Advancements in orthodontic technology and treatment procedures have led to a decrease in orthodontic discomfort. Orthodontic discomfort refers to the inflammation that occurs due to the obstruction of blood vessels by orthodontic force. This leads to inflammatory responses, which encompass alterations in blood vessels, recruitment of inflammatory and immune cells, and heightened sensitivity of nerves along with the release of chemicals that promote inflammation. The body's inherent analgesic systems ultimately regulate the inflammatory response, thereby diminishing pain. Orthodontic pain signals are transmitted by three-order neurons, beginning with the trigeminal neuron located in the trigeminal ganglia. The signals subsequently arrive at the trigeminal nucleus caudalis located in the medulla oblongata, as well as the ventroposterior nucleus in the thalamus, where the sensation of pain is perceived. The processing of orthodontic pain involves the interplay of emotion, cognition, and memory in many parts of the brain. The structures encompassed in this list are the insular cortex, amygdala, hippocampus, locus coeruleus, and hypothalamus. The inherent analgesic neuronal pathway of the periaqueductal gray and dorsal raphe regions alleviates orthodontic discomfort. Various techniques are employed to manage orthodontic discomfort. These therapies encompass pharmacological, mechanical, behavioral, and low-level laser treatments. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medicines (NSAIDs) alleviate pain, but their impact on tooth movement remains uncertain. Additional research is required to establish the effectiveness of alternative modalities. Gene therapy provides a new, practical, and hopeful approach to treating orthodontic pain. This article explores new advancements and techniques that have enhanced the level of comfort experienced by orthodontic patients.

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Effects of orthodontic treatment on body mass index, food habits and self-esteem of patients: A prospective single-arm cohort study

Cited by 7 publications

References 22 publications

Effects of Fixed Orthodontic Appliance with Antihypertensive Drugs on the Body Weight of Experimental Rats

Effects of Fixed Orthodontic Appliance with Antihypertensive Drugs on the Body Weight of Experimental Rats

Evaluation of weight alteration in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment in KIST dental hospital

Recent progress in alleviating orthodontic discomfort: Mechanism and management-the state of evidence

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