Effects of osmotic stress on oxygen consumption and ammonia excretion of the Arctic sympagic amphipod Gammarus wilkitzkii

Aarset, AV; Aunaas, T.

doi:10.3354/meps058217

Cited by 21 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…At higher temperatures and lower salinity the animals are subjected to greater metabolic stress. The same situation has been detected for other species of ectotherms such as amphipods (AARSET; AUNAAS, 1990;NORMANT;LAMPRECHT, 2006) and fish (ROCHA et al, 2005). At higher salinities the lower rates of ammonia excretion are to be expected, probably as a consequence of reduced metabolism of amino acids and their retention as free amino acids in tissues related to osmoregulation (FRICK; WRIGHT, 2002;ROCHA et al, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Metabolic rates of the antarctic amphipod Gondogeneia antarctica at different temperatures and salinities

et al. 2013

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A B S T R A C TChanges in environmental factors may deeply affect the energy budget of Antarctic organisms as many of them are stenothermal and/or stenohaline ectotherms. In this context, the aim of this study is to contribute to knowledge on variations in the energy demand of the Antarctic amphipod, Gondogeneia antarctica as a function of temperature and salinity. Experiments were held at the Brazilian Antarctic Station "Comandante Ferraz", under controlled conditions. Animals collected at Admiralty Bay were acclimated to temperatures of 0°C; 2.5°C and 5°C and to salinities of 35, 30 and 25. Thirty measurements were made for each of the nine combinations of the three temperatures and three salinities, totalling 270 measurements. Metabolic rates were assessed by oxygen consumption and total nitrogenous ammonia excretion, in sealed respirometers. When acclimated to salinities 30 or 35, metabolic rates at 0°C and 2.5°C were very similar indicating a possible mechanism of metabolic compensation for temperature. At 5.0°C, however, metabolic rates were always higher. Lower salinities enhanced the effects of temperature on metabolism and ammonia excretion rates. The physiological adaptations of individuals of G. antarctica suggest adaptive mechanisms for energy saving, adjusted to an environment with stable conditions of temperature and salinity. Little is known about the joint effects of salinity and temperature and this study is an important contribution to the understanding of the mechanism of polar organisms in their adaptation to both factors. R E S U M OAlterações ambientais podem modificar a alocação de energia dos organismos, principalmente dos ectotermos estenotérmicos e/ou estenohalinos. Nesse contexto, este trabalho contribui com o conhecimento da demanda de energia do anfípode antártico Gondogeneia antarctica em função da temperatura e da salinidade. Experimentos foram realizados na Estação Antártica Brasileira "Comandante Ferraz", em condições laboratoriais controladas. Animais coletados na Baía do Almirantado foram aclimatados a temperaturas de 0°C; 2.5°C e 5°C e salinidades de 35, 30 and 25. Foram realizadas trinta medições para cada uma das nove combinações das três temperaturas com as três salinidades, totalizando 270 medições. As taxas metabólicas foram estimadas por meio do consumo de oxigênio e excreção de amônia, em câmaras respirométricas seladas. Quando aclimatados a salinidades 30 ou 35, as taxas metabólicas a 0°C e 2.5°C foram semelhantes indicando possível mecanismo de compensação térmica, nessa faixa de variação dos fatores. A 5.0°C, no entanto, as taxas metabólicas foram sempre mais elevadas. Baixas salinidades potencializaram os efeitos da temperatura no consumo de oxigênio e na excreção de produtos nitrogenados. Os resultados estão relacionados a mecanismos adaptativos para economia de energia em indivíduos G. antarctica, ajustados a um ambiente que tem condições estáveis de temperatura e de salinidade. Pouco se sabe sobre os efeitos conjugados da salinidade e temperatura nos organismos e...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Metabolic rates of the antarctic amphipod Gondogeneia antarctica at different temperatures and salinities

et al. 2013

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“…For example, several Gammarus species show immediate increases in metabolic rate at low salinities (Sutcliffe 1984;Aarset & Aunaas 1990), as do other crustaceans (Aarset & Aunaas 1990;Arner & Koivisto 1993). These responses were not seen in our study of G. minus, possibly because they are of no value to a species that occurs in springs with highly stable water chemistry (see Glazier et al 1992).…”

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confidence: 57%

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Glazier

SPARKS

1997

Functional Ecology

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“…In the American lobster Homarus americanus Milne Edwards, a reduction in O:N ratio from 26.7 to 22.1 was reported to represent an increase in protein catabolism with respect to lipid/carbohydrate catabolism (Capuzzo and Lancaster, 1979). In the amphipod Gammarus wilkitzkii, the pooled O:N ratio for 24-h osmotic stress varied from 21 under hypo-osmotic stress to 37 under hyperosmotic stress (Aarset and Aunas, 1990). Stern et al (1984) reported that the energy substrate utilization in M. rosenbergii changed as a function of osmotic stress.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Acute Salinity Stress on Oxygen Consumption and Ammonia Excretion Rates of the Marine Shrimp Metapenaeus Monoceros

Pillai

2002

Journal of Crustacean Biology

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however, few studies deal with the energy requirement under different salinity regimes (Cheng and Fang, 1986;Guerin and Stickle, 1992). Similarly, the effect of salinity on the rate of crustacean ammonia excretion has extensively been studied (Regnault, 1984;Taylor et al., 1987;Diwan and Baskaran, 1992;Chen and Chia, 1996). Further, researchers are also looking into the influence of environmental factors, including salinity, on the relationship between oxygen consumed and excreted nitrogen (atomic O:N ratio), as it can provide information on the changes in energy substrate utilization under various environmental regimes (Mayzaud and Conover, 1988).The present study was carried out with the objective of understanding the metabolic responses of M. monoceros, a candidate species for aquaculture, in response to abrupt salinity changes in the medium. Variations in metabolic response (measured as oxygen conMetapenaeus monoceros, a tropical penaeid with wide distribution in the Indo-Pacific region is considered a candidate species for aquaculture. Although it is a smaller species when compared to tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon (Fabricius), it nevertheless has several good attributes for aquaculture such as tolerance to a wide range of salinities, resistance to handling and transportation stress, and good market acceptability. These shrimps, like other penaeids, have an estuarine phase in their life cycle and thus get exposed to wide fluctuations in salinity. Because salinity is an important environmental variable that has significant influence on the energy budget of estuarine and marine animals, knowledge of the energy requirement of the animal under different salinity regimes will be useful to aquaculturists in formulating improved culture practices for maximizing growth and returns.A great deal of research has been carried out to study the effect of salinity on the metabolic rate of crustaceans (Rao, 1958 in) A B S T R A C TThe present investigation was undertaken to study the effect of an abrupt change in the salinity of the medium on the oxygen consumption and ammonia-N excretion of the marine penaeid shrimp Metapenaeus monoceros (Fabricius). Results showed that in both low-saline (5‰) as well as highsaline (35‰) acclimated shrimps the respiratory rates were significantly lower in midrange salinities (20‰ and 25‰) and significantly higher in both low (5‰, 10‰, and 15‰) and high (30‰ and 35‰) salinities. A significant increase in ammonia-N excretion was observed when high-saline acclimated shrimps were abruptly exposed to different grades of low-saline media. Exposure to different grades of high-saline media on the other hand induced a significant decrease in ammonia excretion rate of low-saline acclimated shrimps. The O:N ratio (ratio of oxygen consumed to nitrogen excreted in atomic equivalents) showed a decreasing trend when the high-saline acclimated shrimps were abruptly exposed to low-saline media, indicating a shift towards protein dominated metabolism. A reverse trend could be observed in the O:N ratio when ...

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Effects of osmotic stress on oxygen consumption and ammonia excretion of the Arctic sympagic amphipod Gammarus wilkitzkii

Cited by 21 publications

References 29 publications

Metabolic rates of the antarctic amphipod Gondogeneia antarctica at different temperatures and salinities

Metabolic rates of the antarctic amphipod Gondogeneia antarctica at different temperatures and salinities

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Effects of Acute Salinity Stress on Oxygen Consumption and Ammonia Excretion Rates of the Marine Shrimp Metapenaeus Monoceros

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