Effects of outcome on the covariance between risk level and brain activity in adolescents with internet gaming disorder

X, Qi; Yang, Yongxin; Dai, Shouping; Gao, Peihong; Du, Xin; Zhang, Yang; Du, Guijin; Li, Xiaodong; Zhang, Quan

doi:10.1016/j.nicl.2016.10.024

Cited by 25 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Consistent with previous studies showing altered brain activity in the dlPFC in smokers and participants with Internet gaming disorder (Clewett et al, ; Wang et al, ), our results highlight the important role of dlPFC in addiction from the perspective of activity patterns. Our data also support the concept that, in terms of addictions, intact vmPFC function is important during value representation (Bedi, Lindquist, & Haney, ; Qi et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Transforming brain signals related to value evaluation and self‐control into behavioral choices

Zha

Wei

et al. 2018

Human Brain Mapping

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The processes involved in value evaluation and self‐control are critical when making behavioral choices. However, the evidence linking these two types of processes to behavioral choices in intertemporal decision‐making remains elusive. As the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), striatum, and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) have been associated with these two processes, we focused on these three regions. We employed functional magnetic resonance imaging during a delayed discounting task (DDT) using a relatively large sample size, three independent samples. We evaluated how much information about a specific choice could be decoded from local patterns in each brain area using multivoxel pattern analysis (MVPA). To investigate the relationship between the dlPFC and vmPFC/striatum regions, we performed a psychophysiological interaction (PPI) analysis. In Experiment I, we found that the vmPFC and dlPFC, but not the striatum, could determine choices in healthy participants. Furthermore, we found that the dlPFC showed significant functional connectivity with the vmPFC, but not the striatum, when making decisions. These results could be replicated in Experiment II with an independent sample of healthy participants. In Experiment III, the choice‐decoding accuracy in the vmPFC and dlPFC was lower in patients with addiction (smokers and participants with Internet gaming disorder) than in healthy participants, and decoding accuracy in the dlPFC was related to impulsivity in addicts. Taken together, our findings may provide neural evidence supporting the hypothesis that value evaluation and self‐control processes both guide the intertemporal choices, and might provide potential neural targets for the diagnosis and treatment of impulsivity‐related brain disorders.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Transforming brain signals related to value evaluation and self‐control into behavioral choices

Zha

Wei

et al. 2018

Human Brain Mapping

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“…59 IGD participants who performed on a delay-discounting task also showed stronger functional connectivity while selecting small and immediate gains. 60 This is further evidence for augmented sensitivity to reward and decreased impulse control in IGD. 60 IGD participants performing a decision-making task have shown lower changes in the DLPFC and inferior parietal lobule in response to risk exposure for potential losses and higher activity in response to reward in the OFC, ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), and ventral striatum for potential gains during outcome processing.…”

Section: Brain Activation Studies Of Reward and Decision Makingmentioning

confidence: 77%

Neurobiological mechanisms underlying internet gaming disorder

Weinstein

Lejoyeux

2020

Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience

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This review summarizes studies on the neurobiological correlates of internet gaming disorder (IGD), presently the most direct approach to analyzing the impact of digital technology and the internet on brain mechanisms. Brain imaging studies have shown that IGD shares, to a large extent, neurobiological alterations that are typical for other addictions, such as: (i) activation in brain regions associated with reward, as evident from cue exposure and craving studies and neurotransmitter systems studies that indicate an involvement of dopamine-mediated reward mechanisms; (ii) reduced activity in impulse control areas and impaired decision making; and (iii) reduced functional connectivity in brain networks that are involved in cognitive control, executive function, motivation, and reward. Moreover, there are structural changes, mainly reduction in gray-matter volume and white-matter density. Comorbidity studies indicate that executive control networks in attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may increase the susceptibility to develop IGD. Most importantly, this review also outlines findings that show the effects of excessive use of screens, here referring to the playing of computer games, which activate many brain regions associated with cognitive, motor, and sensory function and not directly involved in other forms of addiction. This review describes and summarizes comprehensively the neurobiological correlates of addictive internet use in adolescents and young adults.

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“…Support for this view has been given in a study on the underlying neural mechanisms of disadvantageous risky decision-making in IGD cases. During the Balloon Analog Risk Task (BART), a significant interaction effect between risk level and activation of the bilateral ventral medial prefrontal cortex (PFC) has been shown ( 87 ). Another study, which used a modified delay-discounting task, also suggested that IGD cases prefer the probabilistic or risky options; it also showed that there is a positive correlation between activation of inferior frontal gyrus and probability discounting rates ( 88 ).…”

Section: Igd and The Reflective Brain System (System 2)mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Tripartite Neurocognitive Model of Internet Gaming Disorder

et al. 2017

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Playing Internet games has emerged as a growing in prevalence leisure activity. In some cases, excess gaming can lead to addiction-like symptoms and aversive outcomes that may be seen by some as manifestations of a behavioral addiction. Even though agreement regarding the pathologizing of excessive video gaming is not yet achieved and perhaps because the field requires more research, many works have examined the antecedents and outcomes of what is termed internet gaming disorder (IGD). In this article, we aim at summarizing perspectives and findings related to the neurocognitive processes that may underlie IGD and map such findings onto the triadic-system that governs behavior and decision-making, the deficits in which have been shown to be associated with many addictive disorders. This tripartite system model includes the following three brain systems: (1) the impulsive system, which often mediates fast, automatic, unconscious, and habitual behaviors; (2) the reflective system, which mediates deliberating, planning, predicting future outcomes of selected behaviors, and exerting inhibitory control; and (3) the interoceptive awareness system, which generates a state of craving through the translation of somatic signals into a subjective state of drive. We suggest that IGD formation and maintenance can be associated with (1) a hyperactive “impulsive” system; (2) a hypoactive “reflective” system, as exacerbated by (3) an interoceptive awareness system that potentiates the activity of the impulsive system, and/or hijacks the goal-driven cognitive resources needed for the normal operation of the reflective system. Based on this review, we propose ways to improve the therapy and treatment of IGD and reduce the risk of relapse among recovering IGD populations.

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Effects of outcome on the covariance between risk level and brain activity in adolescents with internet gaming disorder

Cited by 25 publications

References 63 publications

Transforming brain signals related to value evaluation and self‐control into behavioral choices

Transforming brain signals related to value evaluation and self‐control into behavioral choices

Neurobiological mechanisms underlying internet gaming disorder

A Tripartite Neurocognitive Model of Internet Gaming Disorder

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