Effects of oxygen level on metabolism and development of seedlings of <i>Trapa natans</i> and two ecologically related species

Menegus, Faustino; Cattaruzza, Liliana; Scaglioni, Leonardo; Ragg, Enzio

doi:10.1111/j.1399-3054.1992.tb01326.x

Cited by 33 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Root extension is strongly inhibited by oxygen shortage in all of the species which have been examined, with the exception of Trapa natans (Menegus et al 1992). However, submergence can affect root growth even when oxygen is in plentiful supply (Larque-Saavedra et al 1975), probably because of ETH accumulating within the roots because of the water covering.…”

Section: Root Extensionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Roots are particularly sensitive to oxygen deficiency and with the exception of the seminal root of Trapa natans (Menegus et al 1992), there are no records of sustained growth by anoxic roots, although survival by anaerobic metabolism can be enhanced by sugar supplements and by hypoxic pretreatments (Vartapetian et at. 1978;Webb & Armstrong 1983;Saglio et at.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanisms of flood tolerance in plants

Armstrong

Brändle

Jackson

1994

Acta Botanica Neerlandica

482

287

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Section: Root Extensionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of flood tolerance in plants

Armstrong

Brändle

Jackson

1994

Acta Botanica Neerlandica

482

287

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“…oryzlcola (Chapman and Mikkelsen, 1963;Kordan, 1974a;Barclay and Crawford, 1982). Coleoptile elongation in the absence of oxygen without root emergence has been reported as well for Scirpus mucronatus (Menegus et al, 1992), Tuctoria greenei, and Orcuttia californica (Keeley, 1988). A similar role has been ascribed to the elongation of the cotyledonary blade of Zostera marina, which is not hollow, but has intercellular spaces (Churchill, 1992).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 74%

Effect of Oxygen Availability and Salinity on Early Life History Stages of Salt Marsh Plants. II. Early Seedling Development Advantage of Spartina alterniflora Over Phragmites australis (Poaceae)

Wijte

Gallagher

1996

American Journal of Botany

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In salt marsh soils, germination and the first phases of seedling development often occur under dark, hypoxic or anoxic, and saline conditions. Spartina alterniflora and Phragmites australis seedling development were examined under covaried oxygen and salinity concentrations in growth chamber experiments. First, the effects of oxygen and salinity on seedling development were tested in the dark, using a 5 5 factorial design. Oxygen did not affect P. australis plumule growth at oxygen concentrations from 21 down to 2.5%. Plumules were longer at ≤10 than at ≥25 g NaCl/L. Root growth was maximum in 21% oxygen, at ≤10 g NaCl/L and reduced at all salinities in oxygen concentrations ≤10%. No plumule or root growth occurred under anoxia. Salinity did not affect S. alterniflora mesocotyl emergence, which was fastest in anoxia and hypoxia. Mesocotyls did not emerge from the spikelet in 21% oxygen. In contrast, plumule growth was fastest in 21% oxygen, but was inhibited in anoxia. Under low oxygen and high salinity both plumule and root elongation were reduced. Coleoptile and mesocotyl elongation were greatest in 2.5 and 5% oxygen, and shortest in anoxia. The percentage of mesocotyls elongating was also highest in 2.5% oxygen. Rapid S. alterniflora coleoptile and mesocotyl elongation in anoxia enables its seedlings to escape the impact of the stressful environment where its seeds can germinate, but the seedlings could not survive otherwise. In separate experiments, S. alterniflora seeds were germinated and the seedlings grown in the dark for 10 d, then exposed to light for 4 d. Prior to illumination the seedlings did not develop beyond the stage of a small plumule enclosed in the coleoptile. Within 48 h of illumination in the presence of CO2, roots emerged and the plumule elongated inside the coleoptile at salinities up to 40 g NaCl/L, while the external environment remained anoxic. Without CO2, plumule growth and root development did not occur. This suggested oxygen was produced inside the coleoptile by the photosynthesizing plumule, and triggered root development. The ability of S. alterniflora seedlings to continue development under external anoxia and high salinity gives that species a competitive advantage over P. australis in high salinity and/or poorly drained marshes.

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“…Germination experiments under hypoxic conditions generally showed restricted root growth of seedlings, leading sometimes to complete inhibition (Churchill, 1992;Kordan, 1977;Wijte and Gallagher, 1996a, b;Menegus et al, 1992). It could be an advantage for a cereal seed germinating in a hypoxic medium to delay root elongation until the O 2 supply becomes available through the elongating coleoptile (Wijte and Gallagher, 1996a).…”

Section: Seedling Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Responses of barley to hypoxia and salinity during seed germination, nutrient uptake, and early plant growth in solution culture

Kırmızı

Bell

2012

Z. Pflanzenernähr. Bodenk.

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The resistance of most plants to salt can be impaired by concurrent waterlogging. However, few studies have examined this interaction during germination and early seedling growth and its implications for nutrient uptake. The aim of the study was to examine the response of germination, early growth, and nutrient uptake to salt (NaCl) and hypoxia applied to barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Stirling), in solution culture. Hypoxia, induced by covering seeds with water, lowered the germination from 94% to 28% but salinity and hypoxia together lowered it further to 13% at 120 mM NaCl. While the germination was 75% at 250 mM NaCl in aerated solution, it was completely inhibited at this NaCl concentration under hypoxia. Sodium ion (Na + ) concentrations in germinated seedlings increased with increasing salinity under both aerated and hypoxic conditions during germination, while K + and Mg + concentrations were decreased with increasing salinity in 6 d old seedlings. After 20 d, control seedlings had the same dry weights of the roots and shoots with and without hypoxia but at 10 mM NaCl and higher, shoot and root dry weight was depressed with hypoxia. Sodium ion increased in roots and shoots with increased NaCl under both aerated and hypoxic conditions while K + was depressed when salinity and hypoxia were applied together and Ca 2+ was mostly decreased by NaCl. In general, hypoxia had greater effects on nutrient concentrations than NaCl by decreasing N, P, S, Mg, Mn, Zn, and Fe in shoots and by increasing B concentrations. The threshold salinity levels decreased markedly for germination, uptake of a range of nutrients, and for seedling growth of barley under hypoxic compared to well-aerated conditions.

show abstract

Effects of oxygen level on metabolism and development of seedlings of Trapa natans and two ecologically related species

Cited by 33 publications

References 16 publications

Mechanisms of flood tolerance in plants

Mechanisms of flood tolerance in plants

Effect of Oxygen Availability and Salinity on Early Life History Stages of Salt Marsh Plants. II. Early Seedling Development Advantage of Spartina alterniflora Over Phragmites australis (Poaceae)

Responses of barley to hypoxia and salinity during seed germination, nutrient uptake, and early plant growth in solution culture

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