Effects of Ozone and Sulfur Dioxide Stress on Growth and Carbon Allocation in Plants

Miller, Joseph E.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4613-1931-3_3

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 139 publications

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“…Several studies have reported decreases in root biomass associated with above-ground exposure to O., with concomitant decreases in root:shoot ratios (Cooley & Manning, 1987;Miller, 1987). These studies, along with C-partitioning studies (mostly on annual species) suggest that the proportion of C allocated to the root system is decreased in O.;-exposed plants (McCool & Menge, 1983;McLaughlin & McConathy, 1983;Gorrisen et al, 1991a).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Charcoal-filtered air was supplied to each open-top chamber, and O3 (PCI Ozone Corporation ozone generator) was injected to the inlet air stream after filtration to raise concentrations to the desired level within each chamber. Ozone treatment profiles were developed to refiect ambient regional air quality from the Midwest United States (Lefohn, Hogsett & Tingey, 1986;1987) and consisted of episodic patterns of varying daily peak concentrations on 28-d cycles as described by Clark et al (1995). Three treatments were each replicated twice: CF (control, charcoal-filtered air without O3 addition), Ep-23 (23 //mol mol"" per cycle) and Ep-31 (31//molmor^ per cycle, mean hourly concentration summed each hour over the entire exposure period).…”

Section: Ozone Exposuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seasonal changes in root and soil respiration of ozone‐exposed ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) grown in different substrates

Andersen

1997

New Phytologist

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Exposure to ozone (O,,) has been shown to decrease the allocation of carbon to tree roots. Decreased allocation of carbon to roots might disrupt root metabolism and rhizosphere organisms. The efFects of soil type and shoot O3 exposure on below-ground respiration and soil microbial populations were investigated using container-grown ponderosa pine {Pmus ponderosa Laws.) growing in a low-nutrient soil, or a fertilizer-amended organic potting media, and exposed to one of three levels of O3 for two growing seasons in open-top exposure chambers. A closed system, designed to measure below-ground respiratory activity (CO^ production, O^ consumption and RQRespiration Quotient; (CO^; O.^) of plants growing in pots, was used monthly to monitor below-ground respiration of 3-yr-old ponderosa pine.Although seasonal differences were detected, CO.^ production (//.mol h~' g~' total root d. wt), Oj consumption (/tmol h"' g~' total root d. wt) and RQ (CO.^:O,) increased with increasing O3 exposure level. Seasonal patterns showed increased respiration rates during periods of rapid root growth in spring and early fall. Respiration quotient tended to decrease during known periods of active root growth in control seedlings, but a similar response was not observed in O^-treated seedlings. Responses to O3 were greatest in the soil-grown plants, which had a lower fertility le\'el than media-grown plants. Although root d. wt was decreased, root: shoot ratios did not change in response to O.,. Soil-grown plants had higher root-shoot ratios than media-grown plants, reflecting the lower fertility of the soil.Plant exposure to O3 was found to affect both active and total populations of soil organisms. In both organic potting media and in soil, biomass of active soil fungi, and the ratio of active-fungal to active-bacterial biomass increased with increasing plant exposure to O.j. The effect of O3 on total fungal and bacterial biomass was not linear: at low O., levels, total fungal and bacterial biomass increased; at the high O3 level, total fungal and bacterial biomass decreased compared with those of controls.Our results show that O, exposure to shoots significantly disrupts CO^ production and O, consumption of soil and roots of ponderosa pine seedlings. Below-ground respiratory differences were thought to be a result of changes in respiratory substrates, carbon refixation within the plant and soil microbial activity. Ozone also changes belowground RQ, suggesting that Q., substantially disrupts root metabolism and interactions with rhizosphere organisms. Ozone exposure of ponderosa pine grown in different soil types can disrupt below-ground respiration and influence populations of soil organisms without alteration of biomass partitioning between above-and belowground plant components. Collectively, the effect of O, on the below-ground system is of concern since it is likely that these changes are accompanied by a change in the ability of root systems to acquire nutrient and water resources and possibly to synthesize amino acids and proteins...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Ozone Exposuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal changes in root and soil respiration of ozone‐exposed ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) grown in different substrates

Andersen

1997

New Phytologist

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“…A number of other reviews or books are available concerning effects on growth (e.g., Guderian, 1977;Heck et al, 1982; Unsworth and Ormrod, 1982;Heck et al, 1984;Koziol and Whatley, 1984;Roberts, 1984;Skarby and Sellden, 1984;Treshow, 1984;Guderian, 1985;Winner et al, 1985;Heck et aI., 1986;Miller, 1987). The following discussion will deal with a few selected studies of the effects of air pollutant stress on partitioning of biomass.…”

Section: Growth and Partitioning Of Biomassmentioning

confidence: 96%

Effects on Photosynthesis, Carbon Allocation, and Plant Growth Associated With Air Pollutant Stress

Miller

1988

Assessment of Crop Loss From Air Pollutants

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“…For the same reasons, it is important to include measures of biochemical and physiological responses in attempts to understand how 0 3 affects plants and how other environmental factors affect response to 03 . Several reviews have addressed biochemical and physiological responses of plants to gaseous air pollutants (37,40,74,81,87). At present, it can not be said with certainty that a specific perturbation of an enzymatic reaction or physiological process by 03 will translate to any quantifiable effect on growth, development, or yield (74).…”

Section: Effects Of Other Factors On Crop Response To Ozonementioning

confidence: 99%

Ozone and Crop Yield*

Heagle¹

1989

Annu. Rev. Phytopathol.

307

147

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Effects of Ozone and Sulfur Dioxide Stress on Growth and Carbon Allocation in Plants

Cited by 10 publications

References 139 publications

Seasonal changes in root and soil respiration of ozone‐exposed ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) grown in different substrates

Seasonal changes in root and soil respiration of ozone‐exposed ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) grown in different substrates

Effects on Photosynthesis, Carbon Allocation, and Plant Growth Associated With Air Pollutant Stress

Ozone and Crop Yield*

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