Effects of Ozone and Sulfur Dioxide on Phyllosphere Fungi from Three Tree Species

Fenn, Mark E.; Dunn, Paul H.; Durall, Daniel M.

doi:10.1128/aem.55.2.412-418.1989

Cited by 23 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Marked reductions in the colony numbers of Cladosporium spp. in response to SO2 have been reported in Norway spruce {Picea abies (L.) Karsten) stands by Langkramer & Lettl (1982) and on attached leaves of Valencia orange {Citrus .sinensis L.) by Fenn, Dunn & Durall (1989). In addition, the level of Eusarium infection in tillers of winter wheat {Tritieum aestivum L.) has been found to be negatively correlated with SO2 treatment concentrations of up to 60 nmol moP ' (McLeod 1988),…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

The effects of open‐air fumigation with sulphur dioxide on the decomposition of sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus L.) leaf litters from polluted and unpolluted woodlands

Newsham¹,

Ineson²,

Frankland³

1995

Plant Cell & Environment

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Sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus L.) leaf litters from 15 woodlands exposed to a broad range of ambient sulphur dioxide (SO2) concentrations were fumigated with environmentally realistic concentrations (ll‐20nmol mol−1) of SO2, for 166 d in an open‐air fumigation experiment. Fumigation of the sycamore litters significantly increased sulphate‐S and proton leaching, and decreased calcium, magnesium and potassium concentrations in leachates and leaf tissues. Leaf litters from relatively unpolluted woodlands showed a tendency to lose higher amounts of sulphate‐S, calcium, magnesium and nitrate‐N in leachates than litters from polluted sites when exposed to elevated levels of SO2 in treatment plots. Fumigation inhibited the decomposition rates (CO2 evolution) of the leaf litters. Marked changes in the composition of the saprotrophic fungal communities in SO2‐fumigated leaf litters were also recorded, but fungal communities and responses to SO2, were similar between woodlands. There was no evidence from our data to suggest that resistance to SO2, was developed in decomposer mycofloras in woodlands more frequently polluted by the gas.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

The effects of open‐air fumigation with sulphur dioxide on the decomposition of sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus L.) leaf litters from polluted and unpolluted woodlands

Newsham¹,

Ineson²,

Frankland³

1995

Plant Cell & Environment

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“…There have been no reports on microbial-mediated O 3 reduction. However, in a study of O 3 effects on phyllosphere fungal populations, Fenn et al ( 1989 ) found that a chronic exposure of mature Valencia orange trees ( Citrus sinensis ) to O 3 or SO 2 for 4 years decreased populations of phyllosphere fungi. In a same experiment conducted by the authors, a short-term fumigation of O 3 to giant sequoia ( Sequoiadendron giganteum ) and California black oak ( Quercus kelloggii ) did not significantly affect the numbers of phyllospere fungi.…”

Section: Roles Of Leaves and Phyllosphere Microbes In Air Remediationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylloremediation of Air Pollutants: Exploiting the Potential of Plant Leaves and Leaf-Associated Microbes

et al. 2017

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Air pollution is air contaminated by anthropogenic or naturally occurring substances in high concentrations for a prolonged time, resulting in adverse effects on human comfort and health as well as on ecosystems. Major air pollutants include particulate matters (PMs), ground-level ozone (O3), sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxides (NO2), and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). During the last three decades, air has become increasingly polluted in countries like China and India due to rapid economic growth accompanied by increased energy consumption. Various policies, regulations, and technologies have been brought together for remediation of air pollution, but the air still remains polluted. In this review, we direct attention to bioremediation of air pollutants by exploiting the potentials of plant leaves and leaf-associated microbes. The aerial surfaces of plants, particularly leaves, are estimated to sum up to 4 × 108 km2 on the earth and are also home for up to 1026 bacterial cells. Plant leaves are able to adsorb or absorb air pollutants, and habituated microbes on leaf surface and in leaves (endophytes) are reported to be able to biodegrade or transform pollutants into less or nontoxic molecules, but their potentials for air remediation has been largely unexplored. With advances in omics technologies, molecular mechanisms underlying plant leaves and leaf associated microbes in reduction of air pollutants will be deeply examined, which will provide theoretical bases for developing leaf-based remediation technologies or phylloremediation for mitigating pollutants in the air.

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“…This may be related to nutrient competition between different microbes and various degrees of sensitivity or resistance to haze pollution. Fenn et al [19] found that the diversity of phyllosphere fungi of giant cedar (Western Arborvitae) could be altered confronting ozone and sulfur dioxide. Artificial aerosol can markedly reduce the diversity of bacteria, filamentous fungi, and yeast in mango leaves [20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathological Impact on the Phyllosphere Microbiota of Artemisia argyi by Haze

Zhang

Jiang

Zhang

et al. 2021

J. Microbiol. Biotechnol.

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The pathological impact of haze upon the phyllosphere microbiota awaits investigation. A moderate degree of haze environment and a clean control were selected in Chengdu, China. Artemisia argyi , a ubiquitously distributed and extensively applied Chinese herb, was also chosen for experiment. Total genome DNA was extracted from leaf samples, and for metagenome sequencing, an Illumina HiSeq 2500 platform was applied. The results showed that the gene numbers of phyllosphere microbiota derived from haze leaves were lower than those of the clean control. The phyllosphere microbiota derived from both haze and clean groups shared the same top ten phyla; the abundances of Proteobacteria, Actinomycetes and Anorthococcuso of the haze group were substantially increased, while Ascomycetes and Basidiomycetes decreased. At the genus level, the abundances of Nocardia , Paracoccus , Marmoricola and Knoelia from haze leaves were markedly increased, while the yeasts were statistically decreased. KEGG retrieval demonstrated that the functional genes were most annotated to metabolism. An interesting find of this work is that the phyllosphere microbiota responsible for the synthesis of primary and secondary metabolites in A. argyi were significantly increased under a haze environment. Relatively enriched genes annotated by eggNOG belong to replication, recombination and repair, and genes classified into the glycoside hydrolase and glycosyltransferase enzymes were significantly increased. In summary, we found that both structure and function of phyllosphere microbiota are globally impacted by haze, while primary and secondary metabolites responsible for haze tolerance were considerably increased. These results suggest an adaptive strategy of plants for tolerating and confronting haze damage.

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Effects of Ozone and Sulfur Dioxide on Phyllosphere Fungi from Three Tree Species

Cited by 23 publications

References 24 publications

The effects of open‐air fumigation with sulphur dioxide on the decomposition of sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus L.) leaf litters from polluted and unpolluted woodlands

The effects of open‐air fumigation with sulphur dioxide on the decomposition of sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus L.) leaf litters from polluted and unpolluted woodlands

Phylloremediation of Air Pollutants: Exploiting the Potential of Plant Leaves and Leaf-Associated Microbes

Pathological Impact on the Phyllosphere Microbiota of Artemisia argyi by Haze

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