Effects of palmitoylethanolamide on the cutaneous allergic inflammatory response in Ascaris hypersensitive Beagle dogs

Cerrato, Santiago Grau; Brazı́s, Pilar; Valle, Maria Federica della; Miolo, Alda; Petrosino, Stefania; Marzo, Vincenzo Di

doi:10.1016/j.tvjl.2011.04.002

Cited by 32 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Results were of about the same magnitude as those observed in a previous study performed with a single oral dose of the aliamide parent molecule PEA in hypersensitive Beagle dogs [33]. The administration of PEA before intradermal antigen challenge resulted in a significant 29 and 32% reduction in wheal area, respectively, with doses of 10 and 30 mg/Kg [33]. …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

“…This process is known as the late phase reaction (LPR) and can become chronic [31,32]. We have recently found that a single oral dose of PEA (10 mg/kg) reduced significantly the antigen-induced skin wheal reaction in hypersensitive Beagle dogs [33]. Moreover, the repeated administration of PEA (5 and 10 mg/kg, intraperitoneal) has been shown to play a protective role against inflammation in experimental allergic dermatitis [34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the last decades, the use of topical therapy in veterinary dermatology has increased and is especially recommended for localized allergic skin lesions, where it is currently regarded as a sole therapy or an adjunctive therapy minimizing the need for systemic treatments [36,37]. Based on the aforementioned background, the aim of the present study was to investigate whether, similar to PEA [33], adelmidrol was able to limit the inflammatory allergic response upon topical application.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inhibitory effect of topical Adelmidrol on antigen-induced skin wheal and mast cell behavior in a canine model of allergic dermatitis

Cerrato

Brazı́s

Valle³

et al. 2012

BMC Vet Res

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BackgroundAdelmidrol is a semisynthetic derivative of azelaic acid and analogue of the anti-inflammatory compound palmitoylethanolamide (PEA). Based upon its physicochemical properties, adelmidrol is suitable for topical application. The main objective of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of a topical adelmidrol emulsion on early and late inflammatory responses in hypersensitive dogs. Repeated intradermal injections of Ascaris suum extract were performed in both lateral thoracic areas of six conscious hypersensitive Beagle dogs, topically treated during 8 consecutive days. Adelmidrol (2%) was applied to one side and vehicle to the other. 24 hours after the last antigen challenge, two biopsies (adelmidrol- and vehicle-treated side) were obtained for each dog at the antigen injection site.ResultsA significant reduction in the antigen-induced wheal areas was observed on the 4th and 7th day of adelmidrol treatment. Moreover, cutaneous mast cell numbers were significantly decreased in biopsies obtained after 8 consecutive days of topical adelmidrol treatment.ConclusionsThe results obtained in the present study show that topical treatment with adelmidrol might represent a new therapeutic tool in controlling the early and late allergic inflammatory skin responses in companion animals.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inhibitory effect of topical Adelmidrol on antigen-induced skin wheal and mast cell behavior in a canine model of allergic dermatitis

Cerrato

Brazı́s

Valle³

et al. 2012

BMC Vet Res

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“…In antigen‐treated canine skin mast cells, concentrations of PEA in the range 1–10 μ mol/L are required to reduce PGD 2 , histamine and TNF‐ α responses to anti‐IgE challenge (Cerrato et al. ). The reduction of PGD 2 release in that study produced by 10 μ mol/L PEA was 26%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The anti-inflammatory compound palmitoylethanolamide inhibits prostaglandin and hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid production by a macrophage cell line

Gabrielsson

Gouveia-Figueira

Häggström

et al. 2017

Pharmacol Res Perspect

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The anti‐inflammatory agent palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) reduces cyclooxygenase (COX) activity in vivo in a model of inflammatory pain. It is not known whether the compound reduces prostaglandin production in RAW264.7 cells, whether such an action is affected by compounds preventing the breakdown of endogenous PEA, whether other oxylipins are affected, or whether PEA produces direct effects upon the COX‐2 enzyme. RAW264.7 cells were treated with lipopolysaccharide and interferon‐γ to induce COX‐2. At the level of mRNA, COX‐2 was induced >1000‐fold following 24 h of the treatment. Coincubation with PEA (10 μmol/L) did not affect the levels of COX‐2, but reduced the levels of prostaglandins D2 and E2 as well as 11‐ and 15‐hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, which can also be synthesised by a COX‐2 pathway in macrophages. These effects were retained when hydrolysis of PEA to palmitic acid was blocked. Linoleic acid‐derived oxylipin levels were not affected by PEA. No direct effects of PEA upon the oxygenation of either arachidonic acid or 2‐arachidonoylglycerol by COX‐2 were found. It is concluded that in lipopolysaccharide and interferon‐γ‐stimulated RAW264.7 cells, PEA reduces the production of COX‐2‐derived oxylipins in a manner that is retained when its metabolism to palmitic acid is inhibited.

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“…The hypothesis is highly substantiated by the favourable effects of PEA administration: mice with contact dermatitis [50], hypersensitive Beagle dogs [54] and cats with eosinophilic granuloma [38] all benefited from PEA treatment in terms of reduced allergic skin reactions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased levels of palmitoylethanolamide and other bioactive lipid mediators and enhanced local mast cell proliferation in canine atopic dermatitis

Abramo

Campora

Albanese³

et al. 2014

BMC Vet Res

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BackgroundDespite the precise pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis (AD) is unknown, an immune dysregulation that causes Th2-predominant inflammation and an intrinsic defect in skin barrier function are currently the two major hypotheses, according to the so-called outside-inside-outside model. Mast cells (MCs) are involved in AD both by releasing Th2 polarizing cytokines and generating pruritus symptoms through release of histamine and tryptase. A link between MCs and skin barrier defects was recently uncovered, with histamine being found to profoundly contribute to the skin barrier defects.Palmitoylethanolamide and related lipid mediators are endogenous bioactive compounds, considered to play a protective homeostatic role in many tissues: evidence collected so far shows that the anti-inflammatory effect of palmitoylethanolamide depends on the down-modulation of MC degranulation.Based on this background, the purpose of the present study was twofold: (a) to determine if the endogenous levels of palmitoylethanolamide and other bioactive lipid mediators are changed in the skin of AD dogs compared to healthy animals; (b) to examine if MC number is increased in the skin of AD dogs and, if so, whether it depends on MC in-situ proliferation.ResultsThe amount of lipid extract expressed as percent of biopsy tissue weight was significantly reduced in AD skin while the levels of all analyzed bioactive lipid mediators were significantly elevated, with palmitoylethanolamide showing the highest increase.In dogs with AD, the number of MCs was significantly increased in both the subepidermal and the perifollicular compartments and their granule content was significantly decreased in the latter. Also, in situ proliferation of MCs was documented.ConclusionsThe levels of palmitoylethanolamide and other bioactive lipid mediators were shown to increase in AD skin compared to healthy samples, leading to the hypothesis that they may be part of the body’s innate mechanisms to maintain cellular homeostasis when faced with AD-related inflammation. In particular, the increase may be considered a temptative response to down-regulating the observed elevation in the number, functionality and proliferative state of MCs in the skin of AD dogs. Further studies are warranted to confirm the hypothesis.

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Effects of palmitoylethanolamide on the cutaneous allergic inflammatory response in Ascaris hypersensitive Beagle dogs

Cited by 32 publications

References 37 publications

Inhibitory effect of topical Adelmidrol on antigen-induced skin wheal and mast cell behavior in a canine model of allergic dermatitis

Inhibitory effect of topical Adelmidrol on antigen-induced skin wheal and mast cell behavior in a canine model of allergic dermatitis

The anti-inflammatory compound palmitoylethanolamide inhibits prostaglandin and hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid production by a macrophage cell line

Increased levels of palmitoylethanolamide and other bioactive lipid mediators and enhanced local mast cell proliferation in canine atopic dermatitis

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