Effects of pantothenic acid on growth performance, slaughter performance, lipid metabolism, and antioxidant function of Wulong geese aged one to four weeks

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of pantothenic acid on the growth performance, slaughter performance, lipid metabolism, and antioxidant function of one-to four-week-old Wulong geese and determine the appropriate supplemental level of pantothenic acid. A total of 360 one-day-old Wulong geese were randomly divided into 6 groups with 6 replicates per group and 10 geese (5 males and 5 females) per replicate. The geese in group Ⅰ (control group) were fed a basal diet, and the geese in groups Ⅱ to Ⅵ (experimental groups) were given the basal diet supplemented with 8, 15, 30, 60, and 120 mg/kg pantothenic acid, respectively. The experiment lasted for 4 weeks. Based on the results of unrelated comparative analysis, the body weight was the highest when the dietary pantothenic acid level was 27.57 mg/kg. When the dietary pantothenic acid level was 26.17 mg/kg, the average daily gain peaked. When the dietary pantothenic acid level was 15.50 mg/kg, the feed:gain ratio was the lowest. The percentage of abdominal fat in groups Ⅲ and Ⅳ was significantly lower than that in group Ⅰ (P < 0.05). The content of total cholesterol in serum in groups Ⅲ to Ⅴ was significantly lower than that in group Ⅰ (P < 0.05). The triglyceride content in groups Ⅲ and Ⅳ was significantly lower than that in group Ⅰ (P < 0.01). The high-density lipoprotein–cholesterol content in group Ⅳ was significantly higher than that in group Ⅰ (P < 0.05). The total antioxidant capacity of serum and liver in group Ⅳ was significantly higher than that in group Ⅰ (P < 0.05). The malondialdehyde content in the liver in groups Ⅲ and Ⅳ was significantly lower than that in group Ⅰ (P < 0.05). Glutathione peroxidase activity in the serum in group Ⅳ was significantly higher than that in group Ⅰ (P < 0.05). Glutathione peroxidase activity in the liver in groups Ⅳ and Ⅴ was significantly higher than that in group Ⅰ (P < 0.01). The addition of pantothenic acid in the diet of one-to four-week-old Wulong geese significantly affected the growth performance, slaughter performance, lipid metabolism, and antioxidant function of the geese. In terms of economic benefits, the optimal supplemental level of pantothenic acid in one-to four-week-old geese was 15.50 mg/kg.

Effect of Supplemental Zinc and Copper on Performance of Growing Rabbits

“…Balancing copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn), though vitally important, may not be as easy as expected. Copper is an essential constituent of the growing number of cuproenzymes and copper metalloprotein with functions as diverse as electron transfer (Cobine et al, 2006 ;Festa and Thiel, 2011), pigmentation (Sendovski et al, 2011;Xu et al, 2013) and oxidation resistance (Wang et al, 2013;Ladomersky and Petris, 2015). Ayyat and Marai (2000) reported that supplementing rabbits with 100, 200 or 300 Zn mg/kg diet significantly increased live weight gains, but had no effect on feed intake, feed conversion ratio compared to control animals or those fed 400 Zn mg/kg diet.…”

Severe Pantothenic Acid Deficiency Induces Alterations in the Intestinal Mucosal Proteome of Starter Pekin Ducks

“…Due to its involvement in primary metabolic pathways, pantothenic acid de ciency (PAD) causes growth depression, skin lesions, diarrhea, loss of hair in mammals such as rats, cats, and pigs [2][3][4][5][6]. Also in poultry studies, PAD results in growth retardation, dermatosis, rough feathers, and high mortality in chicks, turkeys, geese, and ducks [7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. It has been demonstrated extensively that PA can keep the structure of intestine integrity and maintain the intestinal function of animals [3,[14][15][16].…”

“…Besides, it is shown that pantothenic acid could protect the cell membrane against damage caused by lipid peroxidation [22][23][24]. Previous studies have shown that dietary PAD could lead to oxidative stress in geese [9] and sh [21]. It is proposed that oxidative stress induced by PAD leads to intestinal injury and hypofunction.…”

Dietary copper requirement of fingerlingHeteropneustes fossilisfor formulating copper‐balanced commercial feeds

“…It also serves as a cofactor for structural as well as catalytic properties of various enzymes such as lysyl oxidase, superoxide dismutase cytochrome oxidase, ceruloplasmin, dopamine hydroxylase and tyrosinase (Tang et al, ; Watanabe, Kiron, & Satoh, ). It is also reported to play an important role in collagen synthesis (Lall, ), pigmentation (Sendovski, Kanteev, Ben‐Yosef, Adir, & Fishman, ), electron transfer (Cobine, Pierrel, & Winge, ) and oxidation resistance (Wang et al, ). Dietary copper improves growth and immunological functions in diverse fish species (Gatlin & Wilson, ; Hameid et al, ; Lin, Shie, & Shiau, ; Mohseni, Pourkazemi, & Bai, ; Wang et al, ).…”

“…an important role in collagen synthesis (Lall, 2002), pigmentation (Sendovski, Kanteev, Ben-Yosef, Adir, & Fishman, 2011), electron transfer (Cobine, Pierrel, & Winge, 2006) and oxidation resistance (Wang et al, 2013). Dietary copper improves growth and immunological functions in diverse fish species (Gatlin & Wilson, 1986;Hameid et al, 2017;Lin, Shie, & Shiau, 2008;Mohseni, Pourkazemi, & Bai, 2014;Wang et al, 2016).…”