Effects of Partial Substitution of Conventional Protein Sources with Duckweed (Lemna minor) Meal in the Feeding of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) on Growth Performances and the Quality Product

Fiordelmondo, Elisa; Ceschin, Simona; Magi, Gian Enrico; Mariotti, Francesca; Iaffaldano, Nicolaia; Galosi, Livio; Roncarati, Alessandra

doi:10.3390/plants11091220

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…of duckweed over other protein-rich plants of a similar nature is its ability to thrive in a wide range of environmental factors, such as nutrients, light, pH, and temperature (Fiordelmondo et al, 2022).…”

Section: Basnet Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

Duckweed (Lemna minor D0158): a promising protein source for food security

Basnet,

Du,

Tan

et al. 2024

Banko

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Duckweeds, recognized as the fastest growing aquatic flowering plants, exhibit substantial biomass production. Recently, they have been emerged as a potential industrial crop for efficient and eco-friendly protein production and nutrient recovery compared to conventional crops. The objective of the study was to determine the biomass accumulation rate, protein content and amino acid analysis of duckweeds (Lemna minor D0158).We cultured L. minor D0158 from its preserved state in the gene bank into both aseptic (in-vitro) and open condition at controlled room. The medium was Hoagland Solution (HS) mixed with sucrose in in-vitro condition while 1/5 concentration of HS (without sucrose) was in the open condition. Subsequently, we determined the dry biomass growth by calculating the weight difference adopting the Bergmann Method, and then calculated the protein percentage following the Kjeldahl Method. Moreover, the amino acid profiling was obtained using the Hydrolysis and Liquid Chromatography Technique. Later on, we compared the results with those of the other duckweeds and soybean together with the FAO requirements. We found that L. minor D0158 possessed the dry biomass growth rate of 6.72 g/m2/d with 33.13% protein content within 7-day cultivation period. Moreover, it exhibited significantly higher levels of branched chain amino acids (BCCAs) than soybean and met the FAO requirements. However, methionine (Met) content was found to be slightly low. The study suggested that L. minor D0158 might offer a sustainable solution for protein food security in future.

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Section: Basnet Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

Duckweed (Lemna minor D0158): a promising protein source for food security

Basnet,

Du,

Tan

et al. 2024

Banko

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show abstract

“…One study reported the efects of partial fshmeal and soybean substitution by duckweed (Lemna minor) on grow-out rainbow trout. Only in diets with the highest inclusion level (280 g kg −1 ) did they fnd a severe reduction in performance, resulting in the conclusion that up to 20% of fshmeal and soybean protein could be substituted by duckweed [43].…”

Section: Rainbow Trout (O Mykiss) Trialmentioning

confidence: 99%

Partial Replacement of Fishmeal with Duckweed (Spirodela polyrhiza) in Feed for Two Carnivorous Fish Species, Eurasian Perch (Perca fluviatilis) and Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Stadtlander

Tschudi

Seitz

et al. 2023

Aquaculture Research

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Two four-week feeding trials were conducted with fingerlings of Eurasian perch (Perca fluviatilis, 3.52 ± 0.08 g) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, 1.49 ± 0.05 g) fed with graded levels of dried (DWD) and fermented (DWF) duckweed meal (Spirodela polyrhiza). The purpose of these two trials was to evaluate DWD and DWF as replacements for fishmeal. Fishmeal protein was substituted by 12%, 24%, and 35% of duckweed protein and compared to control diets containing 40% (for perch) and 35% (for rainbow trout) fishmeal and no duckweed. The performance of the fish (growth, feed conversion, and protein and lipid utilization) and their whole-body composition were evaluated and compared with the control. While even the lowest inclusion level, regardless of its form (dried or fermented), resulted in significantly reduced performance in Eurasian perch, rainbow trout were able to utilize feed containing duckweed meal considerably well. Compared to the control, at a 12% inclusion level, rainbow trout showed an equal or comparable percent weight gain (PWG; DWD: 377%, DWF: 373%), specific growth rate (SGR; DWD: 4.37%/day, DWF: 4.33%/day), feed conversion ratio (FCR; DWD: 1.11, DWF: 1.12), and protein productive value (PPV; DWD: 21.5%, DWF: 21.2%). Increasing the inclusion levels above 12% of both DWD and DWF resulted in reduced performance in rainbow trout, with the most pronounced effects observed in the DWD35 group. All experimental diets, including control, affected the whole body composition of perch, most notably reducing the lipid content compared to initial fish. Compared to initial, control and DWD rainbow trout increased whole-body protein, lipid, and ash contents. In conclusion, for rainbow trout, fermented and dried S. polyrhiza duckweed meal appears to be a promising feed ingredient when used at a maximum inclusion level of 12%, while for Eurasian perch, it should not be considered as a feed ingredient.

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“…A group from Italy substituted different amounts of the standard feed of rainbow trout on the protein basis and reported that 20% substitution did not have any negative effects on the fish, but 28% substitution did show effects such as reduced fish body weight and a few other parameters [ 37 ]. Demmig-Adams et al [ 38 ] stressed that duckweeds ( Lemna ) have very high growth rates combined with unusually high levels of zeaxanthin, which is important for human nutrition.…”

Section: Applications: Accumulation Of Protein or Starchmentioning

confidence: 99%