Effects of Particle Size on Cell Function and Morphology in Titanium and Nickel

Tamura, Kazuchika; Takashi, Noriyuki; Kumazawa, Ryuichiro; Watari, Fumio; Totsuka, Yasunori

doi:10.2320/matertrans.43.3052

Cited by 40 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Similarly, the cell survival rate decreased and, with a strong corresponding relationship, the value of LDH, which is the indication of cell disruption, increased, as the particle size of Ti decreased from 150 mm down to 500 nm Tamura, K. et al 2002).…”

Section: Particle Size Dependence In Cell Functionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cytokines of tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a) and interleukin-1b (IL-1b) were measured using ELISA kits (Endogen, Inc. USA). Morphological change of neutrophils mixed with HBSS containing various particles was observed by optical microscopy (OM: Zeiss, Axioskop, Germany) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM: Hitachi S-4300, Tokyo, Japan) Tamura, K. et al 2002).…”

Section: Biochemical Analyses Of Cellular Reaction To Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For Ti and Fe, particles of nominal size from 500 nm to 150 mm were used. To reduce the size distribution as small as possible and equalize the experimental conditions among the materials of metallic Ti, Fe and Ni, the particles of 500 nm, 3 and 10 mm were extracted by sedimentation and those less than 300 nm were extracted by ultrafiltration from the particle group with the size distribution (Tamura, K. et al 2002).…”

Section: Specimensmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Material nanosizing effect on living organisms: non-specific, biointeractive, physical size effects

Watari

Takashi

Yokoyama

et al. 2009

J. R. Soc. Interface.

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100

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Nanosizing effects of materials on biological organisms was investigated by biochemical cell functional tests, cell proliferation and animal implantation testing. The increase in specific surface area causes the enhancement of ionic dissolution and serious toxicity for soluble, stimulative materials. This effect originates solely from materials and enhances the same functions as those in a macroscopic size as a catalyst. There are other effects that become prominent, especially for non-soluble, biocompatible materials such as Ti. Particle size dependence showed the critical size for the transition of behaviour is at approximately 100 mm, 10 mm and 200 nm. This effect has its origin in the biological interaction process between both particles and cells/tissue. Expression of superoxide anions, cytokines tumour necrosis factor-a and interleukin-1b from neutrophils was increased with the decrease in particle size and especially pronounced below 10 mm, inducing phagocytosis to cells and inflammation of tissue, although inductively coupled plasma chemical analysis showed no dissolution from Ti particles. Below 200 nm, stimulus decreases, then particles invade into the internal body through the respiratory or digestive systems and diffuse inside the body. Although macroscopic hydroxyapatite, which exhibits excellent osteoconductivity, is not replaced with natural bone, nanoapatite composites induce both phagocytosis of composites by osteoclasts and new bone formation by osteoblasts when implanted in bone defects. The progress of this bioreaction results in the conversion of functions to bone substitution. Although macroscopic graphite is non-cell adhesive, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are cell adhesive. The adsorption of proteins and nano-meshwork structure contribute to the excellent cell adhesion and growth on CNTs. Non-actuation of the immune system except for a few innate immunity processes gives the non-specific nature to the particle bioreaction and restricts reaction to the size-sensitive phagocytosis. Materials larger than cell size, approximately 10 mm, behave inertly, but those smaller become biointeractive and induce the intrinsic functions of living organisms. This bioreaction process causes the conversion of functions such as from biocompatibility to stimulus in Ti-abraded particles, from non-bone substitutional to bone substitutional in nanoapatite and from non-cell adhesive to cell adhesive CNTs. The insensitive nature permits nanoparticles that are less than 200 nm to slip through body defence systems and invade directly into the internal body.

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Section: Particle Size Dependence In Cell Functionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Biochemical Analyses Of Cellular Reaction To Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Specimensmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Material nanosizing effect on living organisms: non-specific, biointeractive, physical size effects

Watari

Takashi

Yokoyama

et al. 2009

J. R. Soc. Interface.

Self Cite

100

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The modifications of CNTs have been extensively investigated because of their relevance in electrical, mechanical and biological applications [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. Immobilization of various functional molecules on CNT has also been examined in past studies [9][10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apatite formation on carbon nanotubes

Akasaka

Watari

Sato

et al. 2006

Materials Science and Engineering: C

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123

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Apatite coating on carbon nanotubes (CNTs) was done with a biomimetic coating method. The multi-walled CNTs (MWNTs) of curled shape with about 30 nm in diameter were immersed for 2 weeks in the simulated body fluid. Observation by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed the formation of apatite on the MWNTs surface. The clusters of spherules consisting of needle shape of apatite crystallites were massively grown on the aggregated MWNTs.The crystallites of 100 nm in width and 200-500 nm in length were grown perpendicularly to the longitudinal direction and radially originating from a common center of a single MWNT. Thus the architecture of crystalline apatite at nano-scale levels could be produced by simple method and the MWNT may be acting as core for initial crystallization of apatite.

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“…5), 6) In addition for nanoparticles, the behavior of invasion and internal diffusion inside body was visualized using XSAM (X-ray Scanning Analytical Microscope) 7), 8) for the level of the whole body and organs.…”

Section: Purposementioning

confidence: 99%