Effects of Particulate Matter Exposure and Medication Use on Asthmatics

Silverman, Frances; Hosein, H. R.; Corey, Paul; Holton, S.; Tarlo, Susan M.

doi:10.1080/00039896.1992.9935944

Cited by 18 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 7 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…number of puffs) could be constructed. The phenomenon of a better pulmonary function on days with higher drug intake has previously been reported in a study from Toronto [7], resulting in a biased positive correlation between daily particulate pollution and lung function. Other studies have also shown associations between medication use and air pollution, which may have confounded or weakened the association between air pollution and PEF [6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The phenomenon of a better pulmonary function on days with higher drug intake has previously been reported in a study from Toronto [7], resulting in a biased positive correlation between daily particulate pollution and lung function. Other studies have also shown associations between medication use and air pollution, which may have confounded or weakened the association between air pollution and PEF [6][7][8][9]. Presumably for the same reason, no correlation between PEF and environmental variables was found in a diary study of asthmatics from northern Sweden, despite the fact that severe shortness of breath was correlated with environmental variables [8].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Diary studies, which are often referred to as panel studies, have become common in the study of air pollution and respiratory effects [2][3][4]. Diary information includes health-related endpoints such as exacerbations of asthma, other symptoms, peak flow and airway medication in different combinations [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. Environmental data must include not only air pollution levels but also factors that could operate as confounders.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Daily air pollution levels and acute asthma in southern Sweden

Forsberg

Stjernberg²,

R³

et al. 1998

Eur Respir J

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Asthmatics have been shown to be greatly affected by environmental exposure. Both experimental [1] and epidemiological studies [2] have shown air pollution to aggravate asthma problems. Concern about the possible adverse respiratory effects of major ambient air pollutants has stimulated investigators to attempt to relate effects to lower and lower concentrations in the search for minimum concentrations at which adverse effects on health are detectable. As a result of such studies, even in relatively weakly polluted areas, the guidelines and limits for several pollutants are now under revision and acceptable limits from a health point of view are expected to be set at increasingly lower levels.Daily diaries of respiratory health are very useful in studies of the effects of air pollution on susceptible persons, particularly in smaller cities and towns where studies of hospitalization or mortality would provide very small numbers. Diary studies, which are often referred to as panel studies, have become common in the study of air pollution and respiratory effects [2][3][4]. Diary information includes health-related endpoints such as exacerbations of asthma, other symptoms, peak flow and airway medication in different combinations [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. Environmental data must include not only air pollution levels but also factors that could operate as confounders. One advantage of the diary studies is that potential confounders are limited to those that can co-vary with ambient pollution concentrations over time, e.g. humidity, temperature and pollen concentrations. The typical confounding factors from crosssectional studies, such as socioeconomic status and smoking habits, do not pose any problems in these studies.Analysis of frequencies of symptoms and medication use can be based on time series of diary data from individuals in a panel or averaged daily prevalence or incidence rates for the panel. Regardless of the method used, it is necessary to address the problem of state dependence in the health variables to avoid underestimation of the standard error for the parameter estimates [5]. If a person has a symptom one day, they will probably present with the same symptom the next day, which accounts for the relatively frequent occurrence of autocorrelation of daily prevalences. A problem with averaged symptom data is the occurrence of missing responses or exclusions due to time spent outside the study area, which leads to daily prevalences based on a varying panel composition, without any relevant adjustments.This report presents data from a study of acute respiratory problems among people with asthma or asthma-like problems and their relation to variations in low air pollution concentrations in the southern Swedish city of Landskrona, which has a relatively mild winter climate. Methods Study populationLandskrona is a city on the coast in southern Sweden with approximately 30,000 residents. It is situated close to several larger cities. The air in Landskrona is affected by emissions from traffic on a major high...

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Daily air pollution levels and acute asthma in southern Sweden

Forsberg

Stjernberg²,

R³

et al. 1998

Eur Respir J

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In addition, confidence intervals for the urban and nonurban areas overlapped widely. If the observed difference is interpreted as a true difference between the urban and nonurban areas, it might be explained by the higher asthma medication use in the nonurban symptomatic panels, as it has been suggested that medication use attenuates the association between air pollution and respiratory health [13,40]. Bronchodilator use was not associated with particle concentrations and the health outcomes for which particle effects were observed in the urban panels (morning PEF and URS) are probably least affected by asthma medication use.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Acute effects of air pollution on respiratory health of 50-70 yr old adults

et al. 2000

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The aim of this study was to investigate the association between daily changes in respiratory health and air pollution in 489 adults, aged 50±70 yrs, with and without chronic respiratory symptoms, living in urban and nonurban areas in the Netherlands.Subjects were selected from the general population with a screening questionnaire. During three consecutive winters starting in 1992/1993, peak expiratory flow (PEF) and respiratory symptoms were registered in a daily diary. Daily measurements of particles with a 50% cut-off aerodynamic diameter of 10 mm (PM10), black smoke (BS), sulphate, sulphur dioxide (SO 2 ) and nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) were conducted. The difference in PM10, BS and sulphate concentrations between urban and nonurban areas was small, but there was more contrast in the concentrations of SO 2 and NO 2 .In symptomatic subjects from urban areas, PM10, BS, sulphate and SO 2 concentrations were associated with the prevalence of large decrements in morning PEF (>20% below the median). BS in particular was also associated with upper respiratory symptoms (URS). The magnitude of the effect estimates was in the order of an 80% increase in PEF decrements and a 20% increase in URS for a 40 mg . m -3 increase of the same day BS concentration. In symptomatic subjects from nonurban areas, no consistent associations between air pollution and health indicators were observed. However, the differences in effect estimates between urban and nonurban symptomatic panels were small and nonsignificant. In nonsymptomatic adults from both areas, no consistent pattern of associations with air pollution was found.In conclusion, air pollution effects were only found in symptomatic adults in the urban areas. Eur Respir J 2000; 15: 700±709.

show abstract

“…In contrast, a large European multicentre study (Pollution Effects on Asthmatic Children in Europe (PEACE)) has shown negative findings [9]. Asthma medication use has been reported to increase in association with particulate air pollution [5,[10][11][12].…”

mentioning

confidence: 86%

Increased asthma medication use in association with ambient fine and ultrafine particles

Klot¹,

Wölke²,

Tuch³

et al. 2002

Eur Respir J

239

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The association between particulate air pollution and asthma medication use and symptoms was assessed in a panel study of 53 adult asthmatics in Erfurt, Germany in winter 1996/1997.Number concentrations of ultrafine particles, 0.01-0.1 mm in diameter (NC0.01-0.1), mean 17,300?cm -3 , and mass concentrations of fine particles 0.01-2.5 mm in diameter (MC0.01-2.5), mean 30.3 mg?m -3 , were measured concurrently. They were not highly correlated (r=0.45). The associations between ambient particle concentrations and the prevalence of inhaled b 2 -agonist, corticosteroid use and asthma symptoms, were analysed separately with logistic regression models, adjusting for trend, temperature, weekend, holidays, and first order autocorrelation of the error.Cumulative exposures over 14 days of ultrafine and fine particles were associated with corticosteroid use. b 2 -agonist use was associated with 5-day mean NC0.01-0.1 and MC0.01-2.5. The prevalence of asthma symptoms was associated with ambient particle concentrations. The results suggest that reported asthma medication use and symptoms increase in association with particulate air pollution and gaseous pollutants such as nitrogen dioxide. Eur Respir J 2002; 20: 691-702.

show abstract

Effects of Particulate Matter Exposure and Medication Use on Asthmatics

Cited by 18 publications

References 7 publications

Daily air pollution levels and acute asthma in southern Sweden

Daily air pollution levels and acute asthma in southern Sweden

Acute effects of air pollution on respiratory health of 50-70 yr old adults

Increased asthma medication use in association with ambient fine and ultrafine particles

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About