Effects of peach or hybrid rootstocks on growth and cropping of two cultivars of peach trees (Emeraude and Zephyr)

Abstract

Effects of peach or hybrid rootstocks on growth and cropping of two cultivars of peach trees (Emeraude and Zephyr).Abstract -Introduction. Rootstock is an important consideration for a productive peach orchard, especially in a replanting situation. A peach and two hybrid rootstocks, grafted with an early and a late-season peach cultivar, were planted and their growth compared. The experimental area had been used since 1970, for two generations of successive peach crops. Materials and methods. Emeraude (early-season) and Zephyr (late-season) were grafted onto GF 305 (peach rootstock), GF 677 and Cadaman ® Avimag (hybrid rootstocks), and were planted in a split-plot experimental design. Fruit yield and vegetative growth were assessed annually. Results. Vegetative growth was greater with the hybrid rootstocks than with the peach rootstock. Fruit production was higher with Cadaman than with GF 677, which was higher than with GF 305. Yield differences associated with rootstocks were greater with Emeraude in comparison with Zephyr, as suggested by the rootstock´cultivar interaction. Discussion. Compared to the previous peach plantation on the same land, the differences observed in this current experiment, between the peach rootstock GF 305 and the hybrid rootstock GF 677, widened, suggesting a replanting decline with the peach rootstock. In the given conditions, the hybrid rootstock Cadaman appeared to be better suited than GF 677 to improving peach production. France / Prunus persica / rootstocks / varieties / growth control / yields / soil sicknessIncidence de porte-greffes pêcher ou hybrides sur la croissance et la production de deux cultivars de pêcher (Émeraude et Zéphyr).Résumé -Introduction. Le choix du porte-greffe est un facteur important à considérer pour assurer le succès d'un verger de pêcher, et cela plus particulièrement dans le cas d'une replantation. Par conséquent, un porte-greffe pêcher et deux porte-greffes hybrides, greffés avec une variété de pêcher précoce et une variété de pêcher tardive, ont été plantés sur une parcelle expérimentale préalablement occupée par deux générations successives de pêchers ; l'effet des porte-greffes a été comparé. Matériel et méthodes. Un porte-greffe pêcher (GF 305) et deux porte-greffes hybrides (GF 677 et Cadaman), associés avec Émeraude (cultivar précoce) et Zéphyr (cultivar tardif), ont été plantés selon un dispositif split-plot. Le rendement en fruits et la croissance végétative des arbres ont été estimés pour chacun des différents traitements. Résultats. La croissance végétative des pêchers a été meilleure avec les porte-greffes hybrides qu'avec le porte-greffe pêcher. La production de fruits obtenue avec Cadaman a été supérieure à celle obtenue avec l'autre porte-greffe hybride (GF 677) qui, elle-même, a été supérieure à celle obtenue avec le porte-greffe pêcher (GF 305). Ces différences de rendement induites par le porte-greffe ont été accentuées lors de l'utilisation du cultivar précoce (Émeraude) par rapport au greffage du cultivar tardif (Zéphyr), comme l'...

Agronomic and physicochemical fruit properties of ‘Big Top’ nectarine budded on peach and plum based rootstocks in Mediterranean conditions

“…However, this has led growers to have no choice but to use replant soils, meaning soil and disease problems like root asphyxia, iron-chlorosis deficiency, waterlogging and soil-borne pathogens (Font i Forcada et al, 2014a;Mestre et al, 2015;Zarrouk et al, 2005), which affect the normal development of the tree. In order to solve that, and because the rootstock represents an important consideration for a productive orchard, particularly in orchard replanting situation (Bussi et al, 2002), breeding programs are very active in the release of new rootstocks, improving peach adaptability to the soil (Felipe, 2009;Pinochet, 2010;Moreno et al, 1994;1995) and to different training systems, and improving peach fruit quality (Monet and Bassi, 2008). Therefore, the accurate evaluation of rootstocks responses to different growth conditions and the identification of the best scionrootstock combination are of major importance to obtain high quality crops (Rato et al, 2008).…”

Assessing water stress in a high-density apple orchard using trunk circumference variation, sap flow index and stem water potential

“…Previous researchers have automated irrigation based on set thresholds of MDS ( Bussi et al., 1999 ) or sap flow ( Cohen, 1991 ). Some researchers have sought to overcome the impact of environmental drivers and phenological stages on MDS and sap flow by using ratios of automated irrigation treatments to well-watered controls ( Ortuño et al., 2006 ).…”

Agronomic performance of ‘BRS Kampai’ peach on 15 clonal rootstocks and own-rooted trees in Pelotas-RS, Brazil

“…Other Prunus species or interspecific hybrids have been studied and commercially used as rootstock for peach in several countries, being especially indicated for calcareous soils and/or replanting areas due to the lower toxicity of root exudates and biochemical inhibitors than those produced by P. persica. However, graft incompatibility is a limiting factor and interspecific crossings or assessments for each edaphoclimatic condition and scion/rootstock combination should be performed (BUSSI et al, 2002;REIGHARD;LORETI, 2008;DUVAL, 2015). Prunus mume has potential for use as a rootstock for peaches and nectarines (CAMPO DALL' ORTO et al, 1992), however, if propagated by seeds, genetic variability is very accentuated, which requires selection and vegetative propagation of the best clones (PEREIRA et al, 2007;MATHIAS et al, 2008;MAYER et al, 2015).…”