Effects of peanut oil consumption on appetite and food choice

Abstract

Objective: Peanut consumption may improve lipid profiles without promoting weight gain. Both properties have been attributed to their high-unsaturated fat content. Mono and polyunsaturated fatty acids reportedly hold stronger satiety value than saturated fats and may help appetite control. This study investigated the effects of chronic peanut oil consumption on appetite and food choice. Research methods and procedures: A total of 129 healthy adults from three countries (Brazil, Ghana and US) were randomly assigned to one of four treatment arms: consumption of peanut oil, olive oil or safflower oil as 30% of individual resting energy expenditure (REE) for 8 weeks or no dietary intervention. Participants received no other dietary guidance. They completed appetite questionnaires eliciting information about hunger, fullness, desire to eat, and prospective consumption during all waking hours for 1 day at weeks 2 and 6 and for 1 or 3 days at weeks 0, 4 and 8. Diet records were completed at weeks 0, 4 and 8. Results: No differences in appetitive ratings were observed over the 8-week trial. There were no significant treatment by time interactions. Total caloric intake was significantly higher at week 8 relative to baseline (F ¼ 10.08, Po0.05). The increases for each treatment were: peanut oil ¼ 1977114; olive oil ¼ 2377121; safflower oil ¼ 274790; control ¼ 75771. Free-feeding intake, an index of dietary compensation, was reduced significantly at weeks 4 and 8 compared to baseline (F ¼ 9.08, Po0.00). The declines (compensation scores) were (kcals): peanut oil ¼ À2087105 (46%); olive oil ¼ À2357105 (50%); safflower oil ¼ À1867102 (44%). There were no significant differences across countries in appetite ratings. Discussion: A prior intervention with whole peanuts reported a dietary compensation score of 66% over 8 weeks, this compares to a 46% compensation score observed with peanut oil. Our data suggests that the lipid fraction in peanuts elicits a weak effect on satiety.

Effects of fruit and vegetable, consumed in solid vs beverage forms, on acute and chronic appetitive responses in lean and obese adults

“…This is consistent with observations from another study of similar study length that manipulated dietary fat intake (a high energy dense dietary manipulation)(ref. 80). However, it should be noted that there is large inter-individual variability in appetite ratings with some individuals reporting low daily mean hunger (e.g., 15-20% on a 100mm scale) and others with strong daily means (e.g., 55-60% of scale)(ref.…”

Effects of Different Dietary Fatty Acids on Human Energy Balance, Body Weight, Fat Mass, and Abdominal Fat

“…Another study further revealed that PUFA, consumed as part of a meal, suppressed appetite more than MUFA or SFA, and resulted in lower consumption of a subsequent meal in 40 healthy adults. However, many other human studies have failed to document the differential effects of fat subtypes on human appetite reported by these two studies [49][50][51][52][53][54]. The lack of effects of PUFA on food intake was also supported by observations from animal studies [55,56].…”

Efeito da Suplementação de Óleo de Cártamo sobre o Perfil Antropométrico e Lipídico de Mulheres com Excesso de Peso Praticantes de Exercício Físico

“…Ainda em relação ao consumo alimentar, outro estudo realizado 27 o qual avaliou o efeito da suplementação do azeite de oliva, Óleo de Cártamo, Óleo de Amendoim com 129 adultos sendo 63 do sexo masculino e 66 do sexo feminino com média de idade de 24 anos por 2 meses, verificaram que não houve diferença significativa na saciedade dos adultos com ingestão destes óleos. Também no estudo realizado 24 os autores constataram que a adição do Óleo de Cártamo não modificou o consumo calórico total no período experimental.…”