Effects of Peanut Shell Biochar on Soil Nutrients, Soil Enzyme Activity, and Rice Yield in Heavily Saline-Sodic Paddy Field

Tuo, Yao; Zhang, Wentiao; Anwari, Gulaqa; Cui, Yuefeng; Zhou, Yiming; Weng, Wenan; Wang, Xin; Liu, Qingtian; Jin, Feng

doi:10.1007/s42729-020-00390-z

Cited by 63 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…In this study, the changes in these ratios suggested that the molecular structure of SOC became more humified (or decomposed), less aliphatic, and more hydrophobic after peanut shell biochar amendment. At this experimental site, Yao et al (2021) found that peanut shell biochar application could enhance soil catalase, alkaline phosphatase, urease, and sucrose activities, which could explain the larger decomposition degree of SOC in this study. Previously, Bi et al (2020) observed that rice straw biochar addition increased the A/O-A ratio in Yellow river alluvium paddy soil while decreasing this ratio in quaternary red clay paddy soil.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 52%

“…Prior to this experiment, the field had been continuously cultivated with rice for three years without fertilisation. The soil and biochar characteristics can be found in Yao et al (2021) as well as in Table 1. Solid-state 13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle-spinning (CPMAS) NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) analysis showed that aromatic C was the predominant component in the biochar (Figure 1).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Songnen Plain in northeast China are the main saline-alkali area around the world and covers approximately 2.39 × 10 6 ha (Gong et al 2021). The saline-alkali soil (referred to as salinesodic soil) in this plain is characterised by high pH, excessive Na + , poor structure, low nutrients levels, and limited microbial activity (Yao et al 2021), which consequently inhibited crops growth and yield. It has been well known that soil organic carbon (SOC) is of great importance in maintaining soil productivity and ecosystem sustainability because of its positive contribution to various soil properties including pH buffering, structural stability, nutrient retention and availability, and biological activity (Ramesh et al 2019, Han et al 2020.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the most promising ways to utilise peanut shells is through pyrolysis to produce biochar, which can be used as a desired amendment for soil fertility improvement , Dominchin et al 2021. In a previous study, Yao et al (2021) have observed that the application of peanut shell biochar had a positive influence on rice yield, soil nutrients, and soil enzyme activity but exhibited a negative influence on the Na + /K + ratio in a saline-sodic paddy field. This study aimed to further examine the impact of peanut shell biochar on SOC content and chemical composition in a field experiment.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Soil organic carbon characteristics affected by peanut shell biochar in saline-sodic paddy field

Zhu¹,

Li²,

Zhou³

et al. 2022

Plant Soil Environ.

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Biochar exhibits a profound impact on soil organic carbon (SOC) turnover and dynamics, but the underlying mechanism under field conditions is still unclear. A three-year field experiment was performed to evaluate the impact of peanut shell biochar applied at rates of 0, 33.75, 67.5, and 101.25 t/ha (referred to as B0, B1, B2, and B3, respectively) on SOC content and chemical composition in a saline-sodic paddy field using stable carbon isotope composition and <sup>13</sup>C nuclear magnetic resonance technology. With increasing rates of biochar, SOC and aromatic carbon contents and alkyl carbon/oxygen-alkyl carbon and hydrophobic carbon/hydrophilic carbon ratios increased, while alkyl carbon and oxygen-alkyl carbon contents and aliphatic carbon/aromatic carbon ratio decreased. The new carbon from biochar and rice residues accounted for 26.5% of SOC under B0 and increased to above 80.0% under B2 and B3. The decay rate of old carbon was faster in biochar-amended than in unamended soil. SOC content was positively correlated with alkyl carbon/oxygen-alkyl carbon and hydrophobic carbon/hydrophilic carbon ratios but negatively correlated with aliphatic carbon/aromatic carbon ratio. The results suggest that biochar can increase SOC content by increasing its humification, aromaticity, and hydrophobicity. However, negative priming is not the main mechanism for SOC accumulation during the short-term period.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 52%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Soil organic carbon characteristics affected by peanut shell biochar in saline-sodic paddy field

Zhu¹,

Li²,

Zhou³

et al. 2022

Plant Soil Environ.

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“…The RF model further confirmed that the 10 bacterial indicator taxa enriched in MRF treatment have specific functions and act as drivers for many of the soil multi-nutrient cycling parameters (such as soil dehydrogenase, acid phosphatase, pH, TK, and C/N) (Supplementary Table S2). Hence, such indicator taxa and their functions directly determine the plant yield [42,[54][55][56][57]. In addition, microbial-driven soil chemical nutrient cycling such as soil C/N and pH can significantly influence soil hydrolase activities, which indirectly affect the plant yield [58].…”

Section: Organic and Inorganic Amendments Indirectly Affect Crop Yiel...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic and Inorganic Amendments Shape Bacterial Indicator Communities That Can, In Turn, Promote Rice Yield

et al. 2022

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The dynamic patterns of the belowground microbial communities and their corresponding metabolic functions, when exposed to various environmental disturbances, are important for the understanding and development of sustainable agricultural systems. In this study, a two-year field experiment with soils subjected to: chemical fertilization (F), mushroom residues (MR), combined application of chemical fertilizers and mushroom residues (MRF), and no-fertilization (CK) was conducted to evaluate the effect of fertilization on the soil bacterial taxonomic and functional compositions as well as on the rice yield. The highest rice yield was obtained under MRF. Soil microbial properties (microbial biomass carbon (MBC), microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN), urease, invertase, acid phosphatase, and soil dehydrogenase activities) reflected the rice yield better than soil chemical characteristics (soil organic matter (SOM), total N (TN), total K (TK), available P (AP), available K (AK), and pH). Although the dominant bacterial phyla were not significantly different among fertilizations, 10 bacterial indicator taxa that mainly belonged to Actinobacteria (Nocardioides, Marmoricola, Tetrasphaera, and unclassified Intrasporangiaceae) with functions of xenobiotic biodegradation and metabolism and amino acid and nucleotide metabolism were found to strongly respond to MRF. Random Forest (RF) modeling further revealed that these 10 bacterial indicator taxa act as drivers for soil dehydrogenase, acid phosphatase, pH, TK, and C/N cycling, which directly and/or indirectly determine the rice yield. Our study demonstrated the explicit links between bacterial indicator communities, community function, soil nutrient cycling, and crop yield under organic and inorganic amendments, and highlighted the advantages of the combined chemical and organic fertilization in agroecosystems.

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Biochar drives changes in soil bacterial communities and cotton growth by improving nutrients availability under saline conditions

Wang,

Tian,

Qiu

et al. 2023

Land Degrad Dev

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Applying biochar to saline soil is a novel strategy for improving soil quality. However, how biochar addition amount affects soil nutrients, bacterial communities, and cotton growth at different stages remains unclear. Three biochar treatments, no biochar (BC0), 1% biochar (BC1, w/w), 3% biochar (BC3), and two cotton varieties, salt‐sensitive (SS) and salt‐tolerant (ST), were used in pot experiments, analyzing biochar effects on saline soil nutrients, bacterial communities, and cotton growth. The study found that biochar increased only organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), and available potassium (AK) at the seedling stage. However, at the flowering‐boll stage, biochar also increased nitrate () and available phosphorus (AP) and reduced soil salt content. Biochar did not affect α‐diversity at the seedling stage, but BC3 reduced α‐diversity at the flowering‐boll stage. The principal coordinate analysis revealed changes in the soil bacterial community composition that were closely associated with biochar added. From the redundancy analyses, SOC and AK were the leading environmental factors for soil bacterial community composition changes. SOC, TN, and AK correlated positively with Proteobacteria, which increased their relative abundance through biochar addition and correlated negatively with Bacteroidetes, Chloroflexi, and Acidobacteria, which decreased their relative abundance due to biochar. Furthermore, the random forests analysis showed that SOC, Shannon index, and β‐diversity were significant predictors of cotton biomass. In summary, biochar drives changes in bacterial communities in saline soils by increasing nutrients such as SOC and AK, which affect cotton growth. This study provides data to support the application of biochar on saline soils.

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Effects of Peanut Shell Biochar on Soil Nutrients, Soil Enzyme Activity, and Rice Yield in Heavily Saline-Sodic Paddy Field

Cited by 63 publications

References 49 publications

Soil organic carbon characteristics affected by peanut shell biochar in saline-sodic paddy field

Soil organic carbon characteristics affected by peanut shell biochar in saline-sodic paddy field

Organic and Inorganic Amendments Shape Bacterial Indicator Communities That Can, In Turn, Promote Rice Yield

Biochar drives changes in soil bacterial communities and cotton growth by improving nutrients availability under saline conditions

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