Effects of Pectin Pentaoligosaccharide from Hawthorn (Crataegus pinnatifida Bunge. var. Major) on the Activity and mRNA Levels of Enzymes Involved in Fatty Acid Oxidation in the Liver of Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet

Abstract

The regulatory effects of haw pectin pentaoligosaccharide (HPPS) on fatty acid oxidation-related enzyme activities and mRNA levels were investigated in the liver of high fat diet induced hyperlipidemic mice. Results showed that HPPS (150 mg/kg for 10 weeks) significantly suppresses weight gain (32.3 ± 0.26 and 21.1 ± 0.14 g for high-fat diet and HPPS groups, respectively), decreases serum triacylglycerol levels (1.64 ± 0.09 and 0.91 ± 0.02 mmol/L, respectively), and increases lipid excretion in feces (55.7 ± 0.38 and 106.4 ± 0.57 mg/g for total lipid, respectively), compared to high-fat diet as control. HPPS significantly increased the hepatic fatty acid oxidation-related enzyme activities of acyl-CoA oxidase, carnitine palmitoyltransferase I, 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase, and 2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase by 53.8, 74.2, 47.1, and 24.2%, respectively. Meanwhile, the corresponding mRNAs were up-regulated by 89.6, 85.8, 82.9, and 30.9%, respectively. Moreover, HPPS was able to up-regulate the gene and protein expressions of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α. Results suggest that continuous HPPS ingestion may be used as dietary therapy to prevent obesity and cardiovascular diseases.

Fruits for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases

“…Moreover, the reduction of LDL-C was more evident in HFC than in Simvastatin (6 mg/kg/day), indicating HFC could be considered for the treatment of hyperlipidemia and the prevention of atherosclerosis [10]. Similarly, hawthorn pectin pentaoligosaccharide (HPPS) suppressed weight gain, decreased serum TG levels, increased lipid excretion in feces, upregulated the gene and protein expressions of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPAR-a), and enhanced the hepatic fatty acid oxidation-related enzyme activities of acyl-CoA oxidase, carnitine palmitoyltransferase I, 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase, and 2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase by 53.8%, 74.2%, 47.1%, and 24.2%, respectively, in the liver of hyperlipidemic mice [79]. The anti-atherosclerosis effect of hawthorn and the potential mechanisms were investigated in apoE −/− mice.…”

Antiaging effects of the mixture of Panax ginseng and Crataegus pinnatifida in human dermal fibroblasts and healthy human skin

“…P. ginseng was shown to abrogate oxidative stress in hepatoma cells and brain cells, as well as in human clinical trials [33], [34], [35]. Additional studies have detailed the antioxidant activities of C. pinnatifida in mouse lymphocytes, rat pups with selenite-induced cataract, and in the livers of high-fat fed mice [36], [37], [38]. Therefore, we hypothesized that GC has protective effects against UVB-induced skin aging.…”

Effects of yam dioscorin interventions on improvements of the metabolic syndrome in high-fat diet-induced obese rats

“…Therefore, anti-obesity or prevention against obesity may reduce directly the risks of MS. There were several reports concerning anti-obesity activity from natural resources in rodent models induced by HF diets, such as α-lipoic acid (Kim et al [2004]), cryptotanshinone from Salvia militorrhiza (Kim et al [2007]), rutin and o -coumaric acid (Hsu et al [2009]), honokiol and magnolol (Kim et al [2013]), pectin pentaoligosaccharide (Li et al [2013]), high taurine and glycine contents of scallop protein (Tastesen et al [2014]). The above-mentioned models for HF diet-induced obese studies were generally applied either by HF diet pretreatment for a period of time and then tested sample interventions or co-treatment of HF-diet and tested samples in the same time.…”