Effects of PEG induced water stress on growth and physiological responses of rice genotypes at seedling stage

Shereen, Aisha; Khanzada, M.A.; Baloch, M.A. Wahid; Asma, Asma; Shirazi, M.U.; Khan, M. Ajmal; Tahjib‐Ul‐Arif, Md.

doi:10.30848/pjb2019-6(13)

Cited by 17 publications

(20 citation statements)

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“…One was that proline is a kind of nitrogen source as described as Yoshihashi et al 9 and it might also provide nitrogen to the grain filling process while the formation of chalkiness in the endosperm is suppressed by nitrogen 25 . The other was the proline is one of the osmotic substances in plant in defending the abiotic stress [16][17][18] and exogenous proline application might help to improve fragrant rice stress resistance to the potential stress from the farmland microclimate. Kong et al 14 demonstrated that environmental stress during the grain filling phase would increase chalkiness in rice grain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Proline is a protein-derived amino acid with special conformational rigidity, which is essential for plant primary metabolism 13 . Early studies have revealed that proline plays multiple roles in plant physiological activities such as stress responses and protein biosynthesis 16 – 18 . In 2008, the report of Yoshihashi 9 also explored that proline is one of the precursors in 2-AP production in fragrant rice cultivars.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 9 and it might also provide nitrogen to the grain filling process while the formation of chalkiness in the endosperm is suppressed by nitrogen 25 . The other was the proline is one of the osmotic substances in plant in defending the abiotic stress 16 – 18 and exogenous proline application might help to improve fragrant rice stress resistance to the potential stress from the farmland microclimate. Kong et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exogenous proline induces regulation in 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2-AP) biosynthesis and quality characters in fragrant rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Luo

Zhang

Zheng

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Proline is one of the precursors of the biosynthesis of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2-AP) which is the key and characteristic volatile component of fragrant rice aroma. In order to study the effects of exogenous proline on 2-AP biosynthesis and other grain quality attributes in fragrant rice, two indica fragrant rice cultivars, "Meixiangzhan-2" and "Xiangyaxiangzhan", and one japonica fragrant rice, "Yunjingyou", were used in present study. At initial heading stage, proline solutions at 0 (CK), 0.10 (Pro1), 0.20 (Pro2) and 0.50 (Pro3) g L-1 were applied as foliar spray solution to fragrant rice plants. Compared with CK, Pro1, Pro2 and Pro3 treatments significantly increased the grain 2-AP content. The significant up-regulation effects due to proline treatments were observed in the contents of proline, △1-pyrrolidine-5-carboxylic acid (P5C) and △1-pyrroline which involved in 2-AP formation. Exogenous proline application also significantly decreased the grain γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) content. Furthermore, proline treatments enhanced the activity of proline dehydrogenase (ProDH) as well as transcript level of gene PRODH. On the other hand, the transcript level of gene BADH2 and activity of betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH) decreased under proline treatments. Proline treatments (Pro2 and Pro3) also increased the grain protein content by 3.57-6.51%. Moreover, 32.03-34.25% lower chalky rice rate and 30.80-48.88% lower chalkiness were recorded in proline treatments (Pro2 and Pro3) for both Meixiangzhan and Xiangyaxiangzhan whilst for Yunjingyou, foliar application of proline had no significant effect on chalky rice rate and chalkiness. There was no remarkable difference observed in grain milled quality (brown rice rate, milled rice rate and head rice rate) and amylose content between CK and proline treatments. In conclusion, exogenous proline enhanced the 2-AP biosynthesis and promoted some grain quality characters of fragrant rice. Fragrant rice is famous for possessing a characteristic aroma and also fetches a high price in the international market because of the good grain quality 1,2. In the past two decades, many studies have conducted to investigate the compound of the aroma of fragrant rice. For example, the study of Widaja et al. 3 showed that the number of volatile compounds detected in the aroma exceeds 300 in both fragrant and non-fragrant rice varieties. Hashemi et al. 4 demonstrated there were more than 100 volatile compounds have been detected in the aroma of fragrant rice varieties. In recent years, with the development of many researches, it is established that 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2-AP) is the key compound in fragrant rice aroma 1,5,6. The process of 2-AP biosynthesis in fragrant rice is very complicated which involved many biochemical reactions while numerous studies have been conducted to understand the mechanism of 2-AP biosynthesis. An early study has evidenced that the expression of gene BADH2 which related to the betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Exogenous proline induces regulation in 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2-AP) biosynthesis and quality characters in fragrant rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Luo

Zhang

Zheng

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…Either drought or alkaline salt can lead to a large amount of water loss in seedlings by reducing the osmotic pressure of plant cells [12]. It is one important conclusion from Alexander's research that the RWC of leaves is positively related to plant's stress resistance [13].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Responses of H. vulgare L. Seedlings to Basic Salt and Drought under Freeze-thaw Condition

Tang¹,

Bao²,

Yan³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is known for characteristics of high altitude, low rainfall and varying temperature, and the crops in this area are susceptible to abiotic stresses such as drought, basic salt and freeze-thaw that caused damages in different perspectives such as the permeability of biological membrane, osmotic adjustment, and antioxidant enzyme system. Hordeum vulgare L. is an indispensable crop in plateau and plays an important role in agricultural ecosystem as well.Result In this experiment, H. vulgare L. was used as experimental material and the physiological characteristics soluble protein (SP) content, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, antioxidant enzyme activity and relative water content (RWC) of seedlings were examined under freeze-thaw condition combined with drought and alkali stress.Conclusion Research results indicated that under the combined stresses of basic salt and drought, H. vulgare L. seedlings were damaged by lipid peroxidation, weakened superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) activities, while enhanced osmotic adjustment ability in plants cell. It was suggested that, in agricultural management, the simultaneous occurrence of two stresses, basic salt and drought, should be avoided in the early stage of H. vulgare L. planting to reduce the physiological stress on plants.

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“…For stress assays, the liquid media was supplemented with 10, 20 or 30% (w/v) of polyethylene glycol (PEG) 8000 to impose a water‐deficit stress on the seedlings. PEG concentrations were based on preliminary testing and concentrations used in literature (Fozard & Forde, 2018; Shereen et al, 2019).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

RootTarget: A dynamic model enabling the targeted application of plant growth regulators for rice

Heap

McAinsh

Toledo‐Ortiz

2021

Plants People Planet

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Societal Impact Statement The rising global population and the increasingly conspicuous effects of climate change are putting growing pressure on the agricultural industry. Food production must increase significantly with little or no access to extra land; therefore, new approaches are urgently required to increase crop productivity. The strategic application of plant growth regulators is one method of achieving this, made possible by RootTarget. RootTarget maps regional land use and resource availability, identifying locations where crops could benefit from the application of plant growth regulators. Such targeted application can contribute to creating a more resilient and sustainable farming system. Summary Developing novel strategies for optimising crop productivity is essential to meet the requirement of doubling food production by 2050. Geographic information system (GIS) software provides the opportunity to develop models for targeted application of plant growth regulators in rice‐growing regions based on water availability and agricultural practices, in order to optimise yields. GIS was used to identify rice‐growing areas with adequate irrigation, a high evapotranspiration index or suitable sowing technique for site‐specific application of plant growth regulators. Rule‐based decisions were incorporated into a GIS model in order to identify key areas where plant growth regulators should be applied. This approach allows information sharing between multiple stakeholders including researchers, companies and farmers with the aim of maximising crop productivity. A root growth promoter (RGP) was identified that promotes root growth under optimum conditions but not when applied concurrently with a drought stress. The effect of the RGP diminishes as the severity of the stress increases. These data were used to execute queries to identify regions with a suitable drought index, growing practice and adequate irrigation. Two hundred and twenty‐nine million hectares of land, spanning four continents, were identified as having the potential to benefit from application of the RGP. Significant areas of land used for rice production were identified that could benefit from application of the RGP. This study highlights the potential to incorporate academic research into models for research dissemination to the agricultural industry and increase crop productivity.

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Effects of PEG induced water stress on growth and physiological responses of rice genotypes at seedling stage

Cited by 17 publications

References 0 publications

Exogenous proline induces regulation in 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2-AP) biosynthesis and quality characters in fragrant rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Exogenous proline induces regulation in 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2-AP) biosynthesis and quality characters in fragrant rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Responses of H. vulgare L. Seedlings to Basic Salt and Drought under Freeze-thaw Condition

RootTarget: A dynamic model enabling the targeted application of plant growth regulators for rice

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