Effects of Penicillin on Endamoeba gingivalis in Cultures with Bacteria from the Human Mouth

Clayton, John P.; Ball, Gordon H.

doi:10.2307/3273749

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 13 publications

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“…Another important contribution of this study, which resulted in a novel strategy for in vitro E. gingivalis maintenance [55] , was buffering the liquid phase of the BDM medium to maintain the optimum pH (6.7) for E. gingivalis proliferation and maintenance in xenic cultivation [56] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First Evidence of Genetic Intraspecific Variability and Occurrence of Entamoeba gingivalis in HIV(+)/AIDS

et al. 2013

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Entamoeba gingivalis is considered an oral commensal but demonstrates a pathogenic potential associated with periodontal disease in immunocompromised individuals. Therefore, this study evaluated the occurrence, opportunistic conditions, and intraspecific genetic variability of E. gingivalis in HIV(+)/AIDS patients. Entamoeba gingivalis was studied using fresh examination (FE), culture, and PCR from bacterial plaque samples collected from 82 HIV(+)/AIDS patients. Genetic characterization of the lower ribosomal subunit of region 18S (18S-SSU rRNA) was conducted in 9 positive samples using low-stringency single specific primer PCR (LSSP-PCR) and sequencing analysis. Entamoeba gingivalis was detected in 63.4% (52/82) of the samples. No association was detected between the presence of E. gingivalis and the CD4+ lymphocyte count (≤200 cells/mm3 (p = 0.912) or viral load (p = 0.429). The LSSP-PCR results helped group E. gingivalis populations into 2 polymorphic groups (68.3% similarity): group I, associated with 63.6% (7/11) of the samples, and group II, associated with 36.4% (4/11) of the samples, which shared 74% and 83.7% similarity and association with C and E isolates from HIV(−) individuals, respectively. Sequencing of 4 samples demonstrated 99% identity with the reference strain ATCC 30927 and also showed 2 divergent clusters, similar to those detected by LSSP-PCR. Opportunistic behavior of E. gingivalis was not detected, which may be related to the use of highly active antiretroviral therapy by all HIV(+)/AIDS patients. The high occurrence of E. gingivalis in these patients can be influenced by multifactorial components not directly related to the CD4+ lymphocyte counts, such as cholesterol and the oral microbiota host, which could mask the potential opportunistic ability of E. gingivalis. The identification of the 18S SSU-rRNA polymorphism by LSSP-PCR and sequencing analysis provides the first evidence of genetic variability in E. gingivalis isolated from HIV patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First Evidence of Genetic Intraspecific Variability and Occurrence of Entamoeba gingivalis in HIV(+)/AIDS

et al. 2013

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A new medium containing antibiotics for the xenic cultivation ofEntamoeba gingivalis

Gannon

Linke

1990

Parasitol Res

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Diamond's trypticase-yeast extract-serum-gastric mucin (TYSGM-9) medium was studied for its suitability to support the xenic growth of the oral protozoan Entamoeba gingivalis. Amoebic growth was found to be best when the inoculum for transfer was 0.1 ml, the incubation temperature was 35 degrees C, and the interval between transfers was 48 h. These parameters were also useful for controlling the growth of accompanying bacteria. In addition, bacterial growth in xenic stock cultures, which had a direct effect on the activity of E. gingivalis trophozoites, was kept to a minimum by addition of the antibiotics piperacillin, erythromycin, neomycin, and penicillin. Varying substitutions and selected supplementations of TYSGM-9 medium led to the development of an improved medium for E. gingivalis. Supplements most beneficial for the growth of E. gingivalis trophozoites were ascorbic acid, ferric ammonium citrate, and special NCTC 107 vitamin mixture. As compared with TYSGM-9 medium (6-10 E. gingivalis trophozoites observed per field), the new E. gingivalis medium supported excellent growth (16-20 E. gingivalis trophozoites observed per field during optimal growth) of the oral protozoan. The medium is suitable for clinical isolation of E. gingivalis.

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Effects of Penicillin on Endamoeba gingivalis in Cultures with Bacteria from the Human Mouth

Cited by 2 publications

References 13 publications

First Evidence of Genetic Intraspecific Variability and Occurrence of Entamoeba gingivalis in HIV(+)/AIDS

First Evidence of Genetic Intraspecific Variability and Occurrence of Entamoeba gingivalis in HIV(+)/AIDS

A new medium containing antibiotics for the xenic cultivation ofEntamoeba gingivalis

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