Effects of pentoxifylline on red blood cell deformability and blood viscosity under hyperosmolar conditions

Leonhardt, H; Grigoleit, H.-G.

doi:10.1007/bf00498562

Cited by 45 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Pentoxifylline (PEN), another common vasodilator drug that functions by increasing red blood cell deformability and reducing blood viscosity (Leonhardt and Grigoleit 1977), has been detected at concentrations of 250-600 ng/L in effluents from Canadian sewage treatment plants (Metcalfe et al 2003), at concentrations of 31-1310 ng/L in effluents from six hospitals in Taiwan (Lin et al 2008), and at concentrations of 126-300 ng/L in the river near the effluent of the University Hospital in Romania (Moldovan 2006). PEN was detected at concentrations of <10-100 ng/L from 2001 to 2006 in Germany (Sacher et al 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of antineoplastic drugs cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide, and 5-fluorouracil and a vasodilator drug pentoxifylline from wastewaters by ozonation

Lin

Hsueh

Peng

2014

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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We investigated the ozonation of the antineoplastic drugs cyclophosphamide (CP), ifosfamide (IF), and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and of the vasodilator pentoxifylline (PEN) in distilled water, in pharmaceutical wastewater, and in hospital effluent at pH 5-11. Under an alkaline pH of 11, all of the target compounds rapidly degraded through the attack of hydroxyl radicals, which resulted in their complete removal within 5 min at an ozone supply rate of 3 g O3/h. Under acidic pH conditions, such as pH 5.6, CP and IF exhibited slower removal rates; however, compounds with unsaturated C-C bonds, such as 5-FU and PEN, were still removed at rapid rates under acidic conditions. Although the parent compounds were removed within minutes, the resulting ozonation byproducts were resistant to further ozonation and possessed increased Microtox acute toxicity. In distilled water, the resulting ozonation products exhibited minimal mineralization but high acute toxicity, whereas in naturally buffered pharmaceutical and hospital effluents, the byproducts were more amenable to removal and detoxification.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of antineoplastic drugs cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide, and 5-fluorouracil and a vasodilator drug pentoxifylline from wastewaters by ozonation

Lin

Hsueh

Peng

2014

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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“…The local hyperosmolarity in the ischaemic area, due to release of lactate, pyruvate (Rosen et al, 1981) and potassium ions (Zylka et al, 1980) will reduce red cell deformability and the flow properties of blood (Meiselman et al, 1967;Giombi & Burnard, 1970). It has been demonstrated that pentoxifylline can increase the flow properties of blood and improve the red cell flexibility when this is reduced under hyperosmolar conditions (Leonhardt et al, 1977;Nishio et al, 1982). Similar data have been shown for cerebral ischaemia in man (Schneider et al, 1982).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It also increases red cell flexibility and improves the flow properties of blood (Leonhardt & Grigoleit, 1977;Muller & Lehrach, 1980;Nishio et al, 1982). The mechanism of action of pentoxifylline is not completely understood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardioprotective actions of pentoxifylline in an animal model of acute myocardial ischaemia

Gallenkämper

Rücker

Schrör

1984

British J Pharmacology

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1The action of pentoxifylline on some of the consequences of acute myocardial ischaemia was studied in cats in vivo. 2 Occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) for 5 h resulted in a significant elevation in the ST-segment of the ECG, a reduction in free platelet count in right atrial blood and a loss of creatine phosphokinase (CK) and cathepsin D activities in homogenates of the severely ischaemic myocardium as compared to non-ischaemic myocardium. 3 Intravenous infusions of pentoxifylline (0.30mgkg-min1 for 1 h and 0.15 mgkg-min-1 for the remainder of the 5 h observation period, starting 0.5 h after LAD occlusion) significantly reduced the loss of enzymes from the ischaemic myocardium, prevented any further increase in the ST-segment and restored the platelet count to its control level.4 There were no significant changes in plasma immunoreactive 6-oxo-prostaglandin Fl, (6-oxoPGF1c,) and thromboxane B2 (TXB2), although a tendency for a reduction in TXB2 levels was observed. 5 Pentoxifylline seems to affect, beneficially, the myocardium in this animal model of acute myocardial ischaemia. The reason for this cardioprotective action remains to be elucidated. It is, however, noteworthy that the overall profile of action of pentoxifylline resembles that of PGI2 administration in this model.

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“…The viscosity of whole blood samples determined in vitro depends on several factors including the sample haematocrit, the viscosity of the plasma, the shear rates at which the measurements are made and the aggregability and deformability of the red cells (Begg & Hearns, 1966). Oxpentifylline (pentoxifylline; Trental-Hoechst) is a xanthine derivative which has been reported to reduce blood viscosity by a direct action on red cell deformability (Leonhardt & Grigoleit, 1977;Theis et al, 1978). This paper reports a study of the action of oxpentifylline on blood viscosity and CBF using a double-blind cross over design.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of oxpentifylline on blood viscosity and cerebral blood flow in man.

Brown

1989

Brit J Clinical Pharma

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The effects of intravenous oxpentifylline on blood viscosity and cerebral blood flow were studied in eight patients with cerebrovascular disease using a double‐blind placebo controlled design. A single dose of 200 mg oxpentifylline in 10 ml saline was given by intravenous injection over 10 min and compared with 10 ml saline alone. Whole blood and plasma viscosity were measured in a Contraves LS 30 coaxial viscometer at shear rates of 0.7 and 94.5 s‐1. Cerebral blood flow was measured by the non‐invasive intravenous xenon133 clearance method. The measurements were made before and then 30 min after the start of the injection of drug or saline alone. Oxpentifylline was found to have no significant effect on blood viscosity or cerebral blood flow.

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Effects of pentoxifylline on red blood cell deformability and blood viscosity under hyperosmolar conditions

Cited by 45 publications

References 11 publications

Removal of antineoplastic drugs cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide, and 5-fluorouracil and a vasodilator drug pentoxifylline from wastewaters by ozonation

Removal of antineoplastic drugs cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide, and 5-fluorouracil and a vasodilator drug pentoxifylline from wastewaters by ozonation

Cardioprotective actions of pentoxifylline in an animal model of acute myocardial ischaemia

Effect of oxpentifylline on blood viscosity and cerebral blood flow in man.

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