Effects of periodical salinity fluctuation on the growth, molting, energy homeostasis and molting-related gene expression of Litopenaeus vannamei

Abstract

To determine the response of Litopenaeus vannamei to periodical salinity fluctuation, a 30-day experiment was conducted in laboratory. In this experiment, two salinity fluctuation amplitudes of 4 (group S4) and 10 (group S10) were designed. The constant salinity of 30 (group S0) was used as the control. Levels of shrimp growth, molting frequency (MF), cellular energy status (ATP, ADP and AMP), as well as the expression of genes encoding molt-inhibiting hormone (MIH), crustacean hyperglycemic hormone (CHH), ecdysteroid-regulated protein (ERP), and energy-related AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) were determined. The results showed that periodical salinity fluctuation significantly influenced all indicators except MF which ranged from 13.3% in group S10 to15.4% in group S4. In comparison with shrimps cultured at the constant salinity of 30, those in group S4 showed a significant elevation in growth rate, food conversion efficiency, cellular energy status, ERP and MIH gene transcript abundance, and a significant reduction in CHH and AMPK transcript abundance (P < 0.05). However, salinity fluctuation of 10 only resulted in a significant variation in MIH and CHH gene expression when compared to the control (P < 0.05). According to our findings, L. vannamei may be highly capable of tolerating salinity fluctuation. When ambient salinity fluctuated at approx. 4, the increased MF and energy stores in organisms may aid to promoting shrimp growth.

Effects of Light Spectrum on Survival, Growth, Physiological, and Biochemical Indices of Redclaw Crayfish (Cherax quadricarinatus) Juveniles

“…This may also be due to differences in water transparency caused by variations in the plankton and organic matter content in the aquaculture water, resulting in different survival and development effects of juvenile C. quadricarinatus under the same light conditions, as demonstrated in the two studies, which warrants further investigations in the future. Nevertheless, it is important to mention that in additional studies concerning crustaceans, yellow light has been demonstrated to enhance the survival rate of Pacific white shrimp (L. vannamei) and expedite the growth of swimming crab (Portunus trituberculatus) juveniles [13,28]. Conversely, red light has been found to be detrimental to the growth, development, and survival of giant freshwater prawn (M. rosenbergii) and Amazon river prawn (Macrobrachium amazonicum) [12,29].…”

Nitrogen and phosphorus budgets of a polyculture system containing Penaeus vannamei, Siganus guttatus, and Selenotoca multifasciata

“…In pond culture systems, multiple studies have shown that the N and P utilization rates by cultured organisms are generally low, within 18.1-36.9% and 9.4-23.1%, respectively (Hu et al, 2013;Li et al, 2012;Wang et al, 2018;Zhang et al, 2011Zhang et al, , 2015Zhao, Xu, et al, 2021;Zhao, Zhong, et al, 2021). In this study, the N utilization rate was 19.5-27.7% and the P utilization rate was 26.4-37.5%, which may be affected by culture objectives and modes.…”

Effect and application of vitamin C on Immune function during the COVID-19 pandemic

“…Vitamin C exists mainly in humans in the form of reduced ascorbic acid, while compared with most vertebrates, and humanoid primates (including humans), but it cannot be synthesized by itself and can only be ingested through food [5].…”