Effects of permafrost degradation on thermokarst lake hydrochemistry in the <scp>Qinghai‐Tibet</scp> Plateau, China

Gao, Zeyong; Niu, Fujun; Lin, Zhijun

doi:10.1002/hyp.13987

Cited by 15 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 69 publications

(119 reference statements)

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“…Gao Zeyong analyzed the precipitation near the thermokarst lake separately. It was found that the anions and cations follow the same trend as the electrolytes in the lake, indicating that precipitation was an essential source of water balance in the thermokarst lake 28 . The permafrost at both lake locations reaches the zero curtain of the fall freezing process after the beginning of October, and the thermokarst lake was equivalent to a heat source exothermic to the surrounding frozen active layer.…”

Section: Seasonal Variationmentioning

confidence: 92%

Accelerating thermokarst lake changes on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

Zhou

Liu

Xie

et al. 2023

Preprint

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As significant evidence of ice-rich permafrost degradation due to climate warming, thermokarst lake was developing and undergoing substantial changes. Thermokarst lake was an essential ecosystem component, which significantly impacted the global carbon cycle, hydrology process and the stability of the Qinghai-Tibet Engineering Corridor. In this paper, based on Sentinel-2 (2021) and Landsat (1988-2020) images, thermokarst lakes within a 5,000 m range along both sides of Qinghai-Tibet Highway (QTH) were extracted to analyse their spatio-temporal variations. The results showed that the number and area of thermokarst lake in 2021 were 3,965 and 4,038.6 ha (1 ha = 10,000 m2), with an average size of 1.0186 ha. Small thermokarst lakes (<1 ha) accounted for 85.65% of the entire lake count, and large thermokarst lakes (>10 ha) occupied for 44.92% of the whole lake area. In all sub-regions, the number of small lake far exceeds 75% of the total lake number in each sub-region. R1 sub-region (around Wudaoliang region) had the maximum number density of thermokarst lakes with 0.0071, and R6 sub-region (around Anduo region) had the minimum number density with 0.0032. Thermokarst lakes were mainly distributed within range of 4,300 m~5,000 m a.s.l. (94.27% and 97.13% of the total number and size), on flat terrain with slopes less than 3° (99.17% and 98.47% of the total number and surface) and in the north, south, and southeast aspects (47.06% and 32.99% of the total number and area). Thermokarst lakes were significantly developed in warm permafrost region with mean annual ground temperature (MAGT) > -1.5°C, accounting for 47.39% and 54.38% of the total count and coverage, respectively. From 1988 to 2020, in spite of shrinkage or even drain of small portion of thermokarst lake, there was a general expansion trend of thermokarst lake with increase in number of 195 (8.58%) and area of 1,160.19 ha (41.36%), which decreased during 1988-1995 (-702 each year and -706.27 ha/yr) and then increased during 1995-2020 (184.96-702 each year and 360.82 ha/yr). This significant expansion was attributed to ground ice melting as rising air temperature at a rate of 0.03~0.04℃/yr. Followed by the increasing precipitation (1.76~3.07 mm/yr) that accelerated the injection of water into the lake.

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Section: Seasonal Variationmentioning

confidence: 92%

Accelerating thermokarst lake changes on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

Zhou

Liu

Xie

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…Unlike the extensive occurrence of thermokarst lakes in the Arctic, they are present at a lower density on the QTP, and often occur in areas with severe permafrost degradation 105,106 . Additionally, many thermokarst lakes on the QTP have a high concentration of solutes, especially carbonate (HCO 3 − ) and sodium (Na + ), which can notably impact ecosystem functions and biogeochemical processes 107 …”

Section: Microbiomes In Thermokarst Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…) and sodium (Na + ), which can notably impact ecosystem functions and biogeochemical processes. 107 Thermokarst lakes represent distinct liquid-phase containers, which offer a conducive environment facilitating more active biogeochemical cycles compared to permafrost soils. These lakes are known to be hotspots for CH 4 emissions.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon‐cycling microorganisms in permafrost and their responses to a warming climate: A review

Yang,

Wen,

et al. 2023

Permafrost & Periglacial

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Global climate warming is accelerating permafrost degradation. The large amounts of soil organic matter in permafrost‐affected soils are prone to increased microbial decomposition in a warming climate. Along with permafrost degradation, changes to the soil microbiome play a crucial role in enhancing our understanding and in predicting the feedback of permafrost carbon. In this article, we review the current state of knowledge of carbon‐cycling microbial ecology in permafrost regions. Microbiomes in degrading permafrost exhibit variations across spatial and temporal scales. Among the short‐term, rapid degradation scenarios, thermokarst lakes have distinct biogeochemical conditions promoting emission of greenhouse gases. Additionally, extreme climatic events can trigger drastic changes in microbial consortia and activity. Notably, environmental conditions appear to exert a dominant influence on microbial assembly in permafrost ecosystems. Furthermore, as the global climate is closely connected to various permafrost regions, it will be crucial to extend our understanding beyond local scales, for example by conducting comparative and integrative studies between Arctic permafrost and alpine permafrost on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau at global and continental scales. These comparative studies will enhance our understanding of microbial functioning in degrading permafrost ecosystems and help inform effective strategies for managing and mitigating the impacts of climate change on permafrost regions.

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“…Remote Sensing Data number of thermokarst lakes 265 the minimum area of the single lake 900 m 2 the maximum area of the single lake 922,500 m 2 the total area of all lakes 5,767,135.3 m 2 the average area of a single lake 21,762.774 m 2…”

Section: Thermokarst Lake Informationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Meteorological Factors on Thermokarst Lake Changes in the Beilu River Basin, Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, China (2000–2016)

Lü

Huang

2021

Water

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Variations in weather conditions have a significant impact on thermokarst lakes, such as the sub-lake permafrost thawing caused by global warming. Based on the analysis of Landsat sensor images by ENVI TM 5.3 software, the present study quantitatively determined the area of the thermokarst lakes and the area of the single selected thermokarst lake in the Beilu River Basin from 2000 to 2016. In an effort to explore the reason for changes in the area of thermokarst lakes, this work used Pearson correlation to analyze the relationship between the area of thermokarst lakes and precipitation, wind speed, average temperature, and relative humidity as obtained from the weather station Wudaoliang. Furthermore, this study used multiple linear regression to comprehensively study the correlation between the meteorological factors and changes in the thermokarst lake area. In this case, the total lake-area changes and the single-area changes exhibited unique patterns. The results showed that the total lake area and the single selected lake area increased year by year. Furthermore, the effects of the four meteorological factors defined above on the total area of typical thermokarst lakes are different from the effects of these factors on the single selected thermokarst lake. While the total area of specific thermokarst lakes exhibited a time lag in their response to the four factors, the surface area of the selected thermokarst lake responded to these factors on time. The dominant meteorological factor contributing to total lake area variations of typical thermokarst lakes is the increasing annual average temperature. The Pearson correlation coefficient between the total area and the annual average temperature is 0.717, suggesting a statistically significant correlation between the two factors. For the selected thermokarst lake, the surface area is related to annual average temperature and wind speed. As a result, wind speed and average temperature could infer the variation law on the thermokarst lake due to the linear fitting equation between area and significant meteorological factors.

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Effects of permafrost degradation on thermokarst lake hydrochemistry in the Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau, China

Cited by 15 publications

References 69 publications

Accelerating thermokarst lake changes on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

Accelerating thermokarst lake changes on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

Carbon‐cycling microorganisms in permafrost and their responses to a warming climate: A review

Impact of Meteorological Factors on Thermokarst Lake Changes in the Beilu River Basin, Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, China (2000–2016)

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